1、Unit 8 Adventure知识清单重点单词1._adj. 较重要的 v. 主修；钻研_n. 大部分 2_adj. 可选择的；非强制的_n. 选择；选择物 3_adj . 极端的；极度的 n极端_adv. 极；非常 4_n. 相似性；类似性_adj. 类似的_ adv. 类似地 5_adv. 恰好；确切地_adj. 确切的6_vt. 冒的危险7_vt. 使惊愕_adj . 令人惊异的_adj . 感到惊愕的8_vt. 使困惑_adj . 被弄糊涂的_adj . 令人困惑的9_n. 志向；抱负_adj . 有雄心的；有野心的重点单词10_v. 运转；起作用 n. 功能职责；作用11_n. 运
2、输；运送 v. 运输；运送12_adj. 各种各样的_n. 多样化；变化性_v. 使多样化 13_adj. 远处的_ n. 远处14_adj. 没希望的_ adj. 有希望的重点短语1._ _ _在途中 2._ _损坏；不能运转 3_ _ _用完；耗尽 4._ _继续做某事 5_ _轮流 6._ _(坏事) 突然发生；爆发7_ _ _关进监狱 8._ _坚持某种说法9_ _倒置地 10._ _起飞 11_ _决定不履行(允诺的事) 重点短语 12._ _出现；到场13_ _从事；开始于；占据 14._ _ 使理解重点句式1.As_well_as the group guide, all tea
3、ms have cooks and porters. While on a hiking trip, our cooks prepare delicious meals. 2Marco was surprised to_see Chinese people using paper money in the markets.3The next to go was Captain Oates, who was_having_great_difficulty_walking.4.many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too
4、 fantastic to be true. 核心语法 1.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句1动作动词和状态动词自我校对重点单词：1major; majority 2.optional; option 3.extreme; extremely 4.similarity; similar; similarly 5.exactly; exact 6.risk7amaze; amazing; amazed 8.confuse; confused; confusing 9.ambition; ambitious 10.function 11.transport 12.various; variety;
5、 vary 13.distant; distance 14.hopeless; hopeful重点短语：1on ones way 2.break down 3.run out of 4.carry on 5.in turn 6.break out 7.put into prison 8.stand by 9.upside down 10.take off 11.back out 12.turn up 13.take up 14.get acrossexactly 常与数目，测量结果，或与 what, where, who 等引导的从句使用，表示完全正确；或对一种表达方式加强语气，相当于 jus
6、t, really 或 quite；或用在简略答语中，相当于 quite right 或 I agree (正是)。重点词汇探究1exactly adv.确切地；精确地1)That is _ what I expected. 那正是我所期待的。2)Where _ were you born? 你究竟在哪里出生的？3)The train arrived at _ 8 oclock, neither earlier nor later. 这火车正好八点到达，既没早到又没晚点。4)The doctor told him to give up smoking, but he did _ the opp
7、osite. 医生叫他戒烟，但他的行为正好相反。5)That is to say, youd like to have a drink. 那就是说你想喝杯饮料。_.Lets have one. 正是。咱们喝一杯吧。 6)That day, we were _ _driving fast. 那天，我们的车的确跑得不快。【答案】 1)exactly 2)exactly 3)exactly 4)exactly 5)Exactly 6)not exactly / not really(1)用 exactly 的适当形式填空1)Those two boxes are not _ the same siz
8、e.2)The bills add up to _ $500.3)I gave the shopkeeper the _ change.4)Tell me his _ words.【答案】 1)exactly 2)exactly 3)exact 4)exact(2)名校押题(2010 安庆统考)I think John needs to find himself a new flat._.This is what weve been talking about.ACheer up BExactly CReally DPlease do【答案与解析】 B 本题考查交际用语。前者提出了一个观点，后
9、者表示同意。really 表示加强语气；cheer up “振作起来”；exactly “的确”； please do “请吧”。risk doing sth 冒险做某事risk it 冒险试试risk sth 以某物为赌注at the risk of. 冒着的危险at risk in danger 在危险之中at all risks 无论冒什么危险；无论如何run / take risks / a risk 冒险2risk vt. 冒风险 n. C U 危险；风险1)He _ his life to save the girl from the fallen house. 他冒着生命危险把这
10、个女孩从倒塌的房子里救了出来。2)_ _ _ _ being killed, he climbed over the wall. 冒着死亡的危险，他翻过了这堵墙。3)Few people have ever _ _ deep into the forest, for it is extremely dangerous.几乎没有人冒险进入这片森林，因为那是极其危险的。【答案】 1)risked 2)At the risk of 3)risked going(1)用 risk 的适当形式填空1)Leaving the boy smoking means putting him _ _.2)If w
11、e dont start early we take the _of missing the train.3)If you go into the cave without waiting for the guide, you do it at your own _.4)I dare not _ _， its too dangerous.【答案】 1)at risk 2)risk 3)risk 4)risk it(2)名校押题(2010 江苏淮安中学月考)Without a sure supply of water, farming in that area remains at the _
12、of the weather.Adisposal Brisk Ccost Dmercy【答案与解析】 D 题意：没有水的供应，那个地方的农业仍然是靠天吃饭。at sbs disposal “由某人做主”；at the risk of “冒的危险” ； at the cost of “以为代价”；at the mercy of “任凭摆布”。major 无比较级with / by a majority 占多数major in. 以 为专业；主修majority n. 多数；大半minority n. 少数3major adj. 较重要的；较严重的；主要的 v. 主修 n. 重要的人或物；主修课程
13、；专业课1)There are _ and minor principles in everything. 一切事情都有大道理和小道理。2)The _ part of Yu Shu Town was ruined in the 2010 earthquake. 玉树镇的大部分地区都在 2010 年的地震中变为废墟。3)Tom _ _ International Polities at Harvard University. 汤姆在哈佛大学主修国际政治。4)_ _ of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health. 大多数医生相信抽烟有害健康。5)S
14、he won the election _ _ _ of 900 votes. 她以 900 票的多数赢得了选举。 【答案】 1)major 2)major 3)majored in 4)The majority 5)with / by a majority(1)用 major 的适当形式填空1)He is a fresh man _ _ (主修) English.2)The car needs _ _ (大修)3)_(大部分) of the money has been spent surfing the Internet.4)_ _(大多数人) was for the plan.【答案】
15、1)majoring in 2)major repairs 3)Most4)The majority(2)名校押题(2010 浙江宁波模拟)Its generally agreed that exercise plays a _ role in preventing and fighting disease. Amajority Bmajor Cmost Dminority【答案与解析】 B 题意：普遍赞同的是，锻炼身体在防治疾病上起着重要作用。confused adj. 感到困惑的confusing adj. 令人困惑的confusion n. 困惑；迷惑4confuse vt. 使困惑1)
16、We tried to _the enemy by swimming along the river and hiding. 我们想用沿河游泳并躲藏起来的方式来迷惑敌人。2)Those long personal names have sometimes _me. 那些长的人名有时把我给弄糊涂了。【答案】 1)confuse 2)confused(1)用 confuse 的适当形式填空1)So many people talking to me at once _ me.2)The road signs _ the driver, for it was the first time that
17、he had come to the town.【答案】 1)confused 2)confused(2)名校押题(2010 海口调研)The chess player _ the computer by making some unusual moves halfway through the game.Aconducted Bconfused Cconflicted DConvinced【答案与解析】 B conduct “指挥”；conflict “抵触”；convince “使信服”；confuse “使迷惑”。题意：棋手下到一半时，走了几步不合常规的棋，使电脑无法应付。be simi
18、lar to. 与相似have similarity with sb / sth 和人/物有相似之处have.in common with sb / sth 与有相同之处similarly adv.同样地；差不多地similar adj. 相似的；类似的the same.as 和一样comparable adj. 可以相媲美的 5similarity n类似性；相似性1)The two boys are quite _ in appearance.这两个男孩在外表上很相似。2)She likes bread, cake and other _ foods.她喜欢面包，蛋糕以及诸如此类的其他食品
19、。3)A cat is similar _ a tiger in many aspects.猫和虎在很多方面相似。4)_ _ mistake occurs three times in the paragraph.同样错误在这一段出现了三次。5)He was late and I _was delayed.他迟到了，我也晚了。6)The music of Berlin is scarcely _ to that of Beethoven.柏林的音乐与贝多芬的作品不可同日而语。 【答案】 1)similar / alike 2)similar 3)to 4)The same5)similarly
20、 6)comparable1)用 similar 的相关用法填空1)Your mother loves you very much. _， her mother loves her very much.2)You should pay more attention to the _ between the two methods. 3)Generally speaking, friends have much _ _ with each other.4)They have no _ with each other.5)Our house is not _ with yours. Ours is
21、 just a small hut while yours is a palace.【答案】 1)Similarly 2)similarity 3)in common4)similarity 5)comparable(2)名校押题(2010 天津模拟)Our bodies are strengthened by working out. _our minds are developed by learning.ALikely BSimilarlyCProbably DTherefore【答案与解析】 B 题意：我们的身体靠锻炼变得更加强壮。同样地我们的大脑靠学习得到发展。 likely “可能
22、的”； probably“很可能地”；therefore “因此；所以”。前后分句应是比较关系，而不是因果关系。extra buses 增开的公交车extra charge 另外的收费extra work 加班additional adj. 增加的；额外的extraordinary adj. 另外安排的；临时的；奇怪的spare adj. 剩余的；暂时不用的；多余的；节省的6extra adj. 额外的；外加的；附加的1)Two _ men are waiting for dinner. Will the food be enough？又有俩人要来吃饭，饭够吗？2)Take _ care on
23、 the roads this evening. 今晚在路上要格外小心。3)Dinner costs 100 yuan and wine is _.正餐花 100 元钱，酒钱另算。4)An _ charge is made for heavy bags.重的行李要额外增加收费。5)This problem is _ to my difficult situation.这一问题加剧了我的困境。【答案】 1)extra 2)extra 3)extra 4)additional / extra 5)additional / extra (1)完成句子1)This problem is _ (增加)
24、to our financial anxieties.2)It is _ (奇怪) that I should meet him here.3)There will be an _ (特别的) meeting next Friday to discuss the problem.4)I have no _ (剩余的) money.【答案】 1)additional 2)extraordinary 3)extraordinary4)spare(2)名校押题(2010 浙江温州中学高三月考)John has got a fever these days，and he says he doesnt
25、want to see a doctor but I am afraid he has no _.Aalternative Bextra Ctreatment Dpossibility【答案与解析】 A 题意：这几天约翰发烧，而他说他不想看医生，但是我恐怕他没有可供选择的余地。alternative “可供选择的机会或余地” ； extra “额外的事物；另外收费” ；treatment “治疗” ；possibility “可能性”。be anxious about 为担心；忧虑be eager about 对热心eager 着重指“对成功的期望；进取的热情”。anxious 着重“担心；焦
26、急 ”。be anxious for a change / a bike / the prize 渴望改变/ 得到一部自行车/奖励be eager for 渴望得到7anxious adj. 忧虑的；担心的；渴望的1)His poor health has been an _ business. 他的身体不好一直是一件令人担心的事情。2)It is time to be going home; your mother will be _. 该回家了，你母亲会担心的。3)Since I wrote to the company for a job, I have been _ waiting f
27、or a reply at home. 自从我给那家公司写信找工作以来，我一直在家焦急地等待回音。 4)My mother always gets a bit _ if we do not arrive when we say we will. 如果我们说了要回来而没回来，母亲总会有些担心的。 【答案】 1)anxious 2)anxious 3)eagerly 4)anxious (1)用 anxious 或 eager 的适当形式填空1)She is _ about her studies，so she is always doing well.2)After the earthquake
28、，I wrote a letter to my relative in Sichuan, _ to know the final result.3)I became _ at her absence that day.4)Her parents were _ about her poor health.【答案】 1)eager 2)anxious 3)anxious 4)anxious(2)名校押题(2010 浙江平阳三中月考)Many college students take part time jobs in their spare time, hoping to be _ of the
29、ir parents.Aequal BindependentCserious Danxious【答案与解析】 B 题意：很多大学生参加兼职工作，希望不依赖父母而自立。equal“平等的 ”； serious“认真的；严肃的”； anxious“忧虑的；渴望的”，均不合题意。seat oneself 就位；就座be seated 坐着；坐下take a seat sit down 请座take sbs seat 就座8seat n. 座位 vt. 使就座；容纳1)They put down their baskets and _ themselves on the ground. 他们放下篮子坐
30、在地上。2)I found him _ in a chair, thinking about something. 我发现他坐在椅子上，思考着什么。3)The great hall can _1,500 people. 这大厅能容纳 1500 个人。4)Will you _ this seat, please? 你坐这个座位好吗？5)She was _ by the fire, reading a novel. 她坐在火炉旁边看小说。【答案】 1)seated 2)seated / sitting 3)seat 4)take 5)sitting / seated(1)seat 或 sit 的适
31、当形式填空1)The film is about to start. Ladies and gentlemen，please take your _.2)She asked me to _ _.3)Those_ at the back, please come to the front.4)Now everybody takes their _.The show will start in a minute.【答案】 1)seats 2)be seated / seat myself 3)seated / sitting 4)place / seats(2)名校押题(2010 湖南模拟)Whe
32、n I came in, I found Lucy _ by the window _ to music.Aseated; listening Bseated; listened Cseating; listened Dseating; listening【答案与解析】 A 题意：我进来时发现露丝坐在窗户旁边听音乐。seated 充当 Lucy 的宾语补足语，表状态； listening to music 充当伴随状语。get across 横过；(使) 被理解；被接受get across sth 横过get across sb 使某人生气；冒犯某人重点短语探究1get across ( 使)
33、 通过；越过( 河流、路等等)；讲清楚使人了解1)The bridge was destroyed so we couldnt _ _ the river. 那桥被摧毁了，因此我们无法过河。 2)The frontier is so well guarded that no one can _ _. 国境线守卫得如此严密，没有人能越过去。3)You cant _ _ because you speak with such a local dialect. 你说话的地方音太重，别人无法理解。4)Its quite necessary that we _ this message _ to vot
34、ers. 把这个信息跟选民讲清楚是很必要地。5)The meaning of the sentence certainly _ _. 这句话的意思肯定能表达清楚。【答案】 1)get across 2)get across 3)get across4)get; across 5)gets across(1)用 get 的相关短语填空1)I find it difficult to _ the American joke _ to my students.2)He succeeded in _ the five boys _ the high wall.3)The actor had to le
35、arn to _ _ his fear of the public.4)The boy seemed not to _ _ his disappointment.5)I just cant _ _to Tom. The line is always engaged.【答案】 1)get; across 2)getting; over 3)get over4)get over 5)get through(2)名校押题(2010 湖北四校联考)Due to cultural differences, most artists find it hard to _ Chinese opera _ to
36、 westerners. Aget; across Bget; overCcome; across Dcome; over【答案与解析】 A get sth across to sb “使人了解做了某事” ； get over “克服；摆脱；翻越”； come across “偶然遇见” ； come over “发生于；降临于”。根据题意，应选 A 项。break out (火灾、战争、疾病等)突然爆发；流行break in 闯入(不接宾语)break into 闯入(接宾语)break up 关系破裂；会议结束；学校放假；拆散(机器) ；物质分解break through 冲破( 障碍)；
37、突破2break down (车、机器) 出故障；( 计划、谈判等)失败；(身体、精神) 崩溃；拆散(机器等)1)We had just covered half its distance when our car _ _and we had to stop for help. 我们刚走完一半路，突然车子坏了，我们不得不停下来求助。2)If you continue to work in such a way, youll _ _sooner or later. 如果你继续这样工作下去，迟早你会垮掉的。3)His plan _ _ when it was put into practice b
38、ecause he had not given enough attention to details. 他的计划在实践中失败，因为他对细节没有给予足够注意。4)The boy _ _ the washing machine to see how it was made up of. 这男孩拆开了洗衣机，看它是如何构成的。【答案】 1)broke down 2)break down 3)broke down4)broke down(1)用 break 的相关短语填空1)To understand the complex sentence, you have to _ it _into seve
39、ral parts.2)What will happen to their children if Tom and Marry _ _？3)That night, Johnsons found his house _ _ and a lot of things stolen.4)In 2010, the river _ _ its bank and flooded the country for many miles around.【答案】 1)break; down 2)break up 3)broken into 4)broke through(2)名校押题(2010 成都七中考试)Sor
40、ry, Linda! I have to _ now. Mum is calling me for supper.OK, Ill call back later. Enjoy your supper.Ahang up Bbreak up Cgive up Dhold up【答案与解析】 A 考查交际的用语。 hang up “挂断电话 ”；break up “会议结束；学校放假”； give up “放弃”；hold up “ 支撑；拦住”。un out of sth 用完了某物run out “(某物)用完了”，该词组为不及物动词短语。in the long run 从长远来看use up
41、“耗尽/用完某物 ”，该词组为及物动词短语。give out “用完耗尽；筋疲力尽”，该词组为不及物动词短语。run across 偶然遇见(某人)；偶然发现(某物)run after 追求(真理等)；追赶3run out of 用完；耗尽1)Though they are _ _ _ / _ _ food and drink, the men are cheerful and confident that theyll get through soon. 尽管这些男人吃的喝的快完了，他们还是很乐观地相信很快就会走出来困境的。2)Supplies soon _ _. 供应品很快就用完了。3)J
42、ack _ _his last dollar to see the film. 杰克花完了最后一美元来看电影。4)There isnt any more coal; it _ _ _. 没有任何煤，全用完了。【答案】 1)running out of / using up 2)ran out / gave out 3)ran out / used up 4)has run out(1)完成句子1)Instead of devoting himself to his studies, he wastes his time _ _ (追求) girls.2)I was wandering thro
43、ugh the streets when suddenly I _ _ (遇到) a tailors shop.【答案】 1)running after 2)ran across(2)名校押题(2010 海口市调研)Many Chinese are _ bringing down the price of housing, thinking it too high.Ain favor of Bin honor of Cin search of Din charge of【答案与解析】 A 题意：许多中国人都赞成降低房价，因为目前的房价实在太高。in honor of “为纪念；为庆祝；向 表示敬意” ； in favor of “赞成”； in search of “为搜寻”；in charge of “负责” 。take sb up 提拔；培养某人；继续于(在被打断后)；跟着别人说、唱、跳、笑起来take up arms against. 拿起武器同作斗争4take up 拿起；举起；抱起；掀掉；占用(时间、空间)；开始感兴趣；从事事业1)He _ _ the telephone receiver and began to dial. 他拿起电话话筒开始拨号码。2)To learn English well demands so much effort that it _
