1、2018 学年度人教版必修一 Unit 1FriendshipWarming Up & Reading 单元学案A friend in need is a friend indeed人人都需要朋友，没有朋友我们简直无法生存。但什么是真正的友谊呢？那些整日围在你身边，让你有些许小欢喜的朋友，不一定是真正的朋友。而那些看似远离，实际上时刻关注着你的人，在你快乐的时候，不去奉承你；在你需要的时候，默默为你做事的人，才是真正的朋友Everyone needs friends. As the old saying goes, “No man is an island.” In other words,
2、no one can survive without the help and friendship of others. One can hardly live without a friend.Society is made up of people, and making friends is a very important part in our life. Friends can give you a lot. Firstly, if you have trouble with some problems, you can talk to your good friends and
3、 exchange opinions. Thus you will feel comfortable and encouraged. Secondly, if you wish to do some physical exercise, such as playing table tennis, you can play with friends and have a good time. In short, we need friends. But what is true friendship? Some people think friends are people whom they
4、can play with, and others believe true friendship lies in similar interests. However, in my opinion, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” True friendship can encourage you when you are in difficulty. True friends can give you warnings against danger. True friends not only share with you your joy a
5、nd happiness, but also your trouble and anxiety. When you need him, he will give you a hand and spare no effort. Of course, these principles are the same to you when you treat your friends.词海拾贝1survive/svaIv/v. 幸存；活下来2exchange/IksteInd/vt. 交换，互换3comfortable/kmftbl/adj. 舒适的；令人感到安慰的4anxiety/zaItI/n. 焦
6、虑；担心；不安5spare no effort 不遗余力，竭尽全力6. principle/prInspl/n. 原则；准则Part Warming Up & Reading.重点单词1dusk n黄昏；傍晚2loose adj.松的；松开的3curtain n窗帘；门帘；幕布4thunder vi.打雷；雷鸣 n雷；雷声5upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.使不安；使心烦6calm vt.&vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的7dusty adj.积满灰尘的dust n灰尘8ignore vt .不理睬；忽视ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的9
7、outdoors adv.在户外；在野外indoors adv.在户内；在室内10entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的entirely adv.完全地；全然地；整个地11power n能力；力量；权力powerful adj.强大的；强有力的powerless adj.无力的；没有能力的；无权力的12concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n担心；关注；(利害)关系concerned adj.有关的；忧虑的 concerning prep.关于.核心短语1add_up 合计；加起来2calm_(.)_down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来3have_got_to 不得不；必须
8、4be_concerned_about 关心；挂念5go_through 经历；经受6set_down 记下；放下；登记7a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套8on purpose 故意9in order to 为了10at dusk 在黄昏时刻11face to face 面对面地12no longer/not.any longer 不再.经典句式1While_walking the dog，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗的时候，你不小心把狗松开了，它被车撞了。2.it_was_the _firs
9、t_time in a year and a half that_Id_seen the night face to face.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚3Its _no_pleasure_looking_through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。一日时段全扫描dusk (黄昏，傍晚) ；evening(晚上)；night(夜晚)；dawn(黎明)；morning( 早上，上午)； noon(正午)；after
10、noon(下午)派生1副词后缀：lyentire(完全的)entirely ad v.完全地2形容词后缀：ydust(灰尘)dusty adj.积满灰尘的合成out(外面)doors(门)outdoors adv.在户外in(里面)doors(门)indoors adv.在户内up(向上 )set(放置)upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.使不安；使心烦原文呈现ANNES BEST FRIENDDo you want a friend whom you could tell everything to，like your deepest feelings and though
11、ts？Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you，or would not understand what you are going through ？Anne Frank wanted the first kind，so she made her diary her best friendAnne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War .Her family was Jewish so they had to hide or they would be c
12、aught by the German Nazis .She and her family hid away for nearly twentyfive months before they were discoveredDuring that time the only true friend was her diary.She said， “I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do，but I want this diary itself to be my friend，and I shal
13、l call my friend Kitty ”Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.Thursday 15th June，1944Dear Kitty，I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature .I can well remember that there was a time
14、when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound .Thats changed since I came here.For example，one evening when it was so warm，I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.But as the moon gave f
15、ar too much light，I didnt dare open a window.Another time five months ago，I happened to be upstairs at dusk 21 22 when the window was open.I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut The dark，rainy evening，the wind，the thundering clouds held me 23 entirely in their power ；it was the first
16、time in a year and a half that Id 24 25 seen the night face to face .26 .Sadly.I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging 27 before very dusty windowsIts no pleasure looking through these any longer28 because nature is one thing that really must be experienced29 Yours，Anne,阅读清障w
17、hom 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a friend。what 引导宾语从句，并在从句中作 going through 的宾语。go through 经历；经受画线部分为“make宾语宾补”结构，名词短语 her best friend 作宾补。Amsterdam /mst dm/ n阿姆斯特丹Netherlands /nelndz/ n荷兰Jewish /d( )I/ adj.犹太人的；犹太族的German / dmn/ adj.德国的；德国人的；德语的Nazi / ntsI/ n纳粹党人 adj.纳粹党的hide away 躲藏；藏起来before 在此引导时间状语从句。set down 记
18、下；放下；登记同义短语：write/take/put downa series of 一连串的；一系列；一套series /sIriz/ n连续；系列as 引导方式状语从句，意为“正如” 。画线部分为“call宾语宾补”结构，Kitty 作宾补。outdoors /at dz/ adv.在户外；在野外反义词：indoors 在室内grow crazy about 对十分痴迷；对十分狂热everything to do with 与 有关的一切事物nature /neIt(r)/ n大自然；自然界well adv.全部地；完全地there was a time when.为常用句型，意为“曾经有
19、一段时间” ，when 在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a time。spellbind /spelbaInd/ vt.(spellbound，spellbound)迷住；迷惑 since 引导时间状语从句，意为“自以来” 。when 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 one evening。stay /steI/ link v保持，继续，相当于 keep，其后接形容词作表语。stay awake 醒着on purpose (by design)故意反义短语：by accident/chance 偶然in order to 为了have a good look at 好好看far too much 中
20、far 是副词，表程度；too much 太多，后跟不可数名词。as 引导原因状语从句，表示“由于，因为” 。happen to do 碰巧做21 happen to do 碰巧做22 at dusk 在黄昏时刻not.until.意为“直到才” 。happen to do 碰巧做23 thunder /nd/ vi.打雷；雷鸣 n雷；雷声happen to do 碰巧做24 entirely /IntaIlI/ adv.完全地；全然地；整个地entire /IntaI/ adj.整个的；完全的；全部的happen to do 碰巧做25 power /pa/ n能力；力量；权力happen
21、to do 碰巧做26 face to face 面对面地 facetoface adj.面对面的happen to do 碰巧做27 curtain /ktn/ n窗帘；门帘；幕布happen to do 碰巧做28 dusty /dstI/ adj.积满灰尘的现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 curtains。Its no pleasure doing sth“做某事是没有乐趣的” ，It 为形式主语，looking through.为真正的主语。happen to do 碰巧做29 no longer/not.any longer 不再(指时间上不再延续) that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词
22、 one thing。.Whats the main idea of the text?The text is mainly about the reason why_Anne_treated_her_diary_as_her_best_friend_and_her_craziness_about_nature.Match the main idea with each paragraph in the diary.Para.1 AOne evening，Anne stayed awake until half past eleven in order to have a good look
23、at the moon.Para.2 B.Anne was only able to look at nature through dusty windows.Para.3 CAnne hadnt been outdoors for so long that she had grown crazy about everything to do with nature.答案 Para.1Para.3 CAB.Choose the best answer according to the text.1What kind of life did Anne live in Amsterdam duri
24、ng World War ？AExciting and interesting.BFrightening but safe.CFrightening and unsafe.DHappy and safe.2Anne made friends with her diary because _Ashe didnt like her other friendsBshe was a shy girlCshe trusted nobodyDshe didnt have a chance to communicate with her friends3According to the diary, we
25、can know that Anne _Aalways stayed awake in order to look at the moonBwanted to experience nature very much by herselfChated to go outdoors in the daytimeDhad some homework to do4What is the authors attitude towards Anne in the passage?AAngry. B.Happy.CSympathetic(同情的). D.Disappointed.答案 1.C 2.D 3.B
26、 4.C.Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.句式分析 本句是一个主从复合句。句中包含一个由 if 引导的宾语从句，在从句中又包含一个强调句，用来强调由 because 引导的原因状语从句，此时because 不能用 since 或 as 代替。尝试翻译 我不知道这是
27、不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。2Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.句式分析 本句为复合句。it 为形式主语，looking through these 是真正的主语；because 引导原因状语从句；that 引导定语从句，修饰先行词 one thing。尝试翻译 观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。1.upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 v
28、t.使不安；使心烦Your friend comes to school very upset.(教材 P1)你的朋友很沮丧地来到学校。(1)be upset about/over 为烦心/不安be upset that. 心烦(2)It upsets sb that. 让某人心烦的是It upsets sb to do sth 做某事使某人不安She is really upset about/over the result of the examination.她对考试结果感到不安。It upset him that nobody told him about the news.让他不高兴
29、的是，谁也没有把这个消息告诉他。He stood up，upsetting (upset) a glass of wine.他站起来，打翻了一杯酒。巧学助记名师点津 upset 作动词时，过去式和过去分词形式皆为 upset；其现在分词形式为 upsetting。2.calm vt.& vi.(使) 平静； (使) 镇定 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.(教材 P1)你将不顾铃声而去某个僻静的地方安慰你的朋友。calm (.) down (使)平静下来
30、；(使)镇定下来stay/remain/keep calm 保持镇静He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down.他深深吸了几口气，使自己平静下来。It is important to keep calm in face of danger.在面临危险时，保持镇定很重要。易混辨析 calm/quiet/silent/stillcalm 风平浪静的；指人时表示镇定自如quiet“宁静的、安静的、寂静的” ，侧重没有响声，没有噪音和没有动静。指人时侧重性格温和，文静silent “沉默的、不说话的” ，常表示人不爱说话，沉默无语still“不动的”
31、 ，指人时侧重一动不动；指物时表示完全没有声音，突出静止不动即学即用 选用上述单词填空Keep still while I take photos of you.The sea was calm now，not rough at all.They lived a quiet life in the countryside.Youd better be silent about whats happened.3.concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n担心；关注；(利害)关系You will tell your friend that you are concerned about h
32、im/her and you will meet after class and talk then.(教材 P1)你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他(或她)，下课后你们会见面再谈。(1)show concern for. 担心/关心(2)concerned adj. 担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的be concerned about/for 关心/担心be concerned with. 牵涉到，与有关as/so far as.be concerned 关于，至于；就而言She showed great concern for her sons illness.她非常担心儿子的病情。As a man
33、ager he knows what he should be concerned about/for well.作为一名经理，他非常明白他应该关心什么。As/So far as Im concerned (concern)，the red one is better.就我而言，红色的那个更好。1.add up 合计；把加起来Add up your score and see how many points you get.(教材 P1)把你的得分加起来，看看你得了多少分。add up to 总计；合计为add to 增加了；增添了(多用于抽象意义)add.to. 把加到上add that.
34、补充说Remember ：Little steps add up to big dreams.记住：小的积累成就大的梦想。Every failure one meets with adds to ones experience.谚语吃一堑，长一智。Will you add more sugar to your coffee?你的咖啡要多加些糖吗？巧学助记名师点津 add up to 一般不用于被动语态。add up 的宾语如是代词，要放在add 与 up 之间。2.go through 经历；经受；穿过；仔细检查；完成；用完Or are you afraid that your friend
35、would laugh at you，or would not understand what you are going through？(教材 P2)或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？一词多义 写出下列句中 go through 的含义The rope is too thick to go through the hole.穿过You must go through your papers before you hand them in.仔细检查Have you gone through all your money yet？用完go ahead 前进；请说 (做吧
36、)go over 越过；温习go against 背叛；违背；违反go by 走过(某处) ；(时间) 过去，流逝A week went by before he answered the letter.过了一周后他才回信。3.in order to 为了；以便For example，one evening when it was so warm， I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.(教材 P2)比如，有天晚上天气很暖和，我故意不
37、睡觉熬到 11 点半，为的是独自好好看看月亮。In order to catch the train，she got up early.为了赶上火车，她起床很早。We told a white lie to her in order not to upset her.为了不让她难过，我们向她撒了一个善意的谎言。易混辨析 in order to/so as to/in order thatin order to 意为“为了” ，既可以置于句首，又可置于句中so as to 意为“为了” ，只可置于句中，不可置于句首in order that意为“为了” ，引导目的状语从句，从句中的谓语动词前常带
38、may，might ，can，could 等情态动词即学即用 选用上述词语填空In_ order_to be noticed，she shouted and waved to us.He arrived early in_order _that he might not miss anything.He decided to work harder so_as _to catch up with others.4.set down 记下；写下(相当于 write down)She said， “I dont want to set down a series of facts in a dia
39、ry as most people do，but I want this diary itself to be my friend，and I shall call my friend Kitty.”(教材 P2)她说：“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账，但我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，并且我把我(这个)朋友称作基蒂。 ”Youd better set your idea down before you forget it.你最好在忘记之前把你的想法写下来。set out (to do sth) 出发；开始干某事set about (doing sth) 着手做某事set off (for.
40、) 动身；引爆(炸弹等)set up 成立，建立set aside 留出，节省The doctor asked me to set aside an hour a day to walk.医生让我每天抽出一小时散步。They want to set up their own importexport business.他们想创办自己的进出口公司。名师点津 set down 是动词与副词构成的短语，遇到此类短语时，如果代词作宾语，则要将代词放在动词与副词之间。1When he/she borrowed it last time，he/she broke it and you had to pay
41、 to get it repaired.(教材 P1)上次他/她借的时候弄坏了它，你只好(自己)花钱把它修好。(1)本句中 get it repaired 是“get宾语宾语补足语”结构。此处 get 为使役动词，表示“使；促使” ，repaired 是过去分词，作宾语 it 的补足语，与 it 是逻辑上的动宾关系。get sth done 相当于 have sth done，意为“使某事被做” 。You should get your computer repaired (repair)你应该(请人)把你的电脑修好。(2)get 作使役动词时的其他常用结构：get sb/sth doing
42、sth 使某人/某物开始做某事get sb to do sth 使/让某人做某事Its not hard to get him talking (talk)the problem is stopping him.让他谈话并不难难的是让他住口。Our teacher got us to_finish (finish) our homework.老师让我们完成作业。2While walking the dog，you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.(教材 P1)遛狗的时候，(由于) 你大意了，狗松脱了(绳子) 并被一辆车撞了
43、。(1)本句中 while 为连词，引导时间状语从句，句中省略了 you were，其完整形式为 While you were walking the dog，表示的动作与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生。(2)状语从句的省略：while，when，until，if，unless，though 等引导的状语从句，如果其主语和主句中的主语一致或从句的主语为 it 且谓语含有 be 动词时，从句中的主语和 be 动词可以省略。When (she was) walking (walk) in the street，she heard of something about her friend.她在街上走时
44、，听说了关于她朋友的一些事情。If (you are) asked (ask) to look after luggage for someone else，inform the police at once.如果有人让你照看行李，要立刻通知警察。If (it is) necessary，ring me at home.必要时可打电话到我家找我。Jerry opened his mouth as if (he were) to say something.杰瑞张了张嘴似乎要说什么。3I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoor
45、s for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.(教材 P2)我不知道是不是因为我长期无法出门，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。(1)I wonder if/whether.“我想知道是否” ，此句型中 if 或 whether 引导的是宾语从句，该句型多用于口语中，表示有礼貌地询问某事或请求帮助。its.that.是强调句结构，because 引导的句子是被强调的部分；to do with nature作后置定语，修饰 everything。(2)强调句的结构为“It is/was被强
46、调成分that/who其他成分” 。强调句型可以用来强调除谓语以外的各种成分。It was on Monday night that all these happened.(强调时间状语)这一切都发生在周一晚上。It was Mary that/who I met in the street.(强调宾语 )我在街上遇见的是玛丽。It was I that/who met Mary in the street.(强调主语)是我在街上遇见了玛丽。It was in the street that I met Mary.(强调地点状语)我是在街上遇见玛丽的。名师点津(1)判断句子是否为强调句型的方法
47、：去掉 it is/was 与 that/who，剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句型，否则不是。(2)被强调部分可以是除谓语动词以外的任何成分，当被强调部分是人时，可用who 代替 that，其他情况一般用 that。4.it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face.(教材 P2)这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚“It is/wasthe序数词timethat.”是常用句型，意为“这是第次” ，后面常用完成时态，即前面为 is 时，后面常用现在完成时；前面为was 时，后面常用
48、过去完成时。该句型中的 it 也可换成 this 或 that。It is the first time that I have_seen (see) such a big watermelon.这是我第一次见到这么大的一个西瓜。It was the second time that I had _been (be) to Europe.这是我第二次去欧洲。It was (be) the first time that the Chinese astronaut had given a class in space.这是中国宇航员第一次在太空授课。.单词拼写1He still kept calm in face of danger.2If th
