1、高一英语必修二被动语态复习教案班级 姓名 小组_【学习目标】1. 学生能够熟练掌握 8 种常见时态被动语态的结构、 用法及注意事项。2. 能够熟练并灵活运用被动语态正确做题。【重点难点】1.重点：熟练掌握 8 种常 见时态被动语态的结构、用法及注意事项。2.难点：能够熟练并灵活运用被动语态正确做题。【学情分析】学生能够说出各个时态被动语态的结构，但是做题的时候容易丢掉 be 动词和过去分词，还有一些注意事项和易错点也是学生容易出错的地方。【导学流程】一、回顾旧知被动语态的含义、结构。二、自主学习 8 种常用时态的被动语态：1. 结构：由“助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词 be
2、 有时态、人称和数的变化。(1) 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词。如： Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。(2) 一般过去时：was/were+ 过去分词。如： The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。 (3) 现在进行时：am/is/are being +过去分词。如： The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。 (4) 过去进行时：was/were/being +过去分词。如： This road was being built this time
3、 last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。 (5) 一般将来时：will be +过去分词。如： The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。 (6) 过去将来时：would be +过去分词。如： The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。 (7) 现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词。如： This novel has been translated into several l
4、anguages.这本小说已被译成了几种语言。 来源:学科网 ZXXK(8) 过去完在时：had been +过去分词。如： When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。 2. 被动语态的主要用法： 当不知 道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用 by 短语。 、如：The f ront window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天，教室的前窗被 打破了。(不知谁打破的) They have
5、 been poorly paid. 他们的工资太低。 (没必要指出工资是谁付的 ) 突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用 by 短语。 如：The time-table has been changed. 时间表已变动了。( 要突出的是 “时间”) 为了使语言得体或圆滑等不愿意说出动作的执行者。如： You are requested to make a speech at next meeting. 请您在下次会议上作个发言。 出于修辞的原因，或是说为了更好地安排句子。如： It is generally considered impolite to ask ones ag
6、e, salary, marriage, etc. . 问别人的年龄、工资、婚姻状况等通常被认为是不礼貌的。 3. 主动语态变被动语态的方法： 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，将主动谓语变为被动谓语(be+过去分词) ，将主动语态的主语变为 by 短语(在被动句中用作状语 )： He stole our money.Our money was stolen by him. 【注】(1)若不强 调动词执行者，被动语态中的 by 短语通常可以省略：The house was built in 1978. 这座房子是 1978 年建的。(2) 在转变语态时，要注意保持两种语态时态的一致性： Th
7、e students will study the problem. The problem will be studied by the students. Our friends are repairing the roof. The roof is being repaired by our friends. 4. 双宾动词的 被动语态 双宾动词即指带双宾语的动词，它们在变为被动语态时，有以下两种情形值得注意： 来源:学+ 科+网(1) 有些双宾动词(如 buy, give, leave, lend, offer, pay, show, teach, tell 等) 在变为被动语态时，既
8、可把间接宾语(指人)变为被动语态的主语，而把直接宾语 (指事物)保留下来( 称为保留宾语)，也可把直接宾语(指事物)变为被动语态的主语，而把间接宾语改为介词 to 或 for 引起的状语(到底用 to 还是 for，与所搭配的动词有关)。比较： He gave her some money. 他给她一些钱。 She was given some money. / Some money was given to him.He bought her a watch. 他给她买了一快表。 A watch was bought for her. / She was bought a watch. (2
9、) 有些双宾动词(如 bring, do, make, pass, sell, send, sing, write 等)通常用直接宾语( 指事物)作被动语态的主语，而将间接宾语用作保留宾语(其前根据情况用介词 to 或 for)： Father made me a doll. A doll was made for me. He wrote her a letter. A letter was written to her. (3) 有些双宾动词(如 answer, deny, envy, refuse, save, spare 等)通常用间接宾语(指人) 作被动语态的主语，而将直接宾语用作保
10、留宾语： He answered me that question. I was answered that question by him. 5. 含有情态动词的被动形式 若主动语态中谓语含有情态动词，在相应的被动语态中通常应保留该情态动词，其结构为“情态动词+be(或 be 的适当时态形式 )+过去分词”： Everyone must know this. This must be known by everyone. 请看以下带情态动词被动句实例： This cant be done in a short time. 这不是短期内可以完成的。 She may hav e been sen
11、t to work elsewhere. 她可能被派到别处工作去了。 The door must have been locked by my wife. 门一定是我妻子锁的。 The environment should be improved. 环境应当改善。 The second point neednt be discussed today. 第二点今天不必讨论。6.下列动词（词组）没有被动式： (1) happen, take place, break out, belong to (2) 不及物动词 sell, wash, read , write,等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。
12、An accident was happened yesterday.（）昨天发生了一起事故。 An accident happened yesterday. The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。 The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。 This book sells well.这本书畅销。 The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。 The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。三、小组讨论1. Good books _ again and again. A. should be rea
13、ded B. should be read C. must read D. ought to read 2. The children _ by the nurse. A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked 3. He _ some pieces of advice, but he _ to them. A. gave, didnt listen B. was given, wasnt listened C. give, wasnt listened D. was given, didnt listen 4.
14、When_ the accident _ ? A. was, happen B. did, happen C. is, happen D. was, happened 5. The question _ by us soon. A. is going to discuss B. will discuss C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed 6. The lab _ about five years ago. A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has be en built 7. A
15、lot of tall buildings _ in his hometown in the la st three years. A. have set up B. have been set up C. were set up D. set up 8. They _ printing 500 copies by the end of last month. A. had finished B. have finished C. had been finished D. have been finished 9. Rice _ also _ in their hometown. A. isg
16、rown B. isgrew C. wasgrew D. wasgrown 10. He _ by the teachers. A. is always praised B. praises C. have been praised D. always is praised 11. Great cha nges _ place. Many new schools_ . A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened 12. The picture_ in October, 1996. A. was taking B. had been taken C. was taken D. had taken来源:Z|xx|k.Com四、随堂练习五、整理内化1 课堂小结来源:学科网 ZXXK2 本节课学习过程中的问题和疑难来源:学&科&网 Z&X&X&K
