1、语法填空,How to fulfill the task grammatical Cloze,考纲解读,一篇200字左右的短文，话题贴近学生生活。 能力考查：理解语篇、句子结构、运用语法、单词短语。,空格类型,有提示词,无提示词,(10处),近三年全国高考卷一语法填空的考点分布,Sammy Armstrong was driving to his office when he _ (notice) a car was stuck on railroad tracks. _elderly man, Jean Papich, eight - four, sat in the drivers sca
2、t _(turn) the key and hitting the His wife, Marion, seventy-eight, was looking _ (nervous) at him. Then Sammy walked _the car and pushed it forward, but his boots slipped on the warm asphalt(沥青). It might be _ (easy) to push the car backward, Sammy thought. Sammy Armstrong was driving to his officeH
3、e ran around to the front of the vehicle and shouted at Jean _ (put) the car in neutral (空挡）. When Sammy looked up, the train was just a couple of _(foot) away. Sammy, shocked and _(speech), went back to work as crowd gathered at the scene. Weeks later, Marion called to thank Sammy. He responded, “I
4、 just did _ I had to do.“,noticed,An,turning,nervously,behind,easier,to put,feet,what,speechless,动词过去时,冠词,非谓语,副词修饰动词,介词,比较级,不定式表目的,名词复数,派生词,名词性从句,How to solve this problem ?,思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢?,Dont worry ! we are friends ! we are a happy family!,Lets go ahead hand in hand.,learning objec
5、tives:,1. to summarize the features and recognize test points of grammatical filling.2. to master the skills and principles of grammatical filling by doing exercises and observing.,一、有提示词类以所给单词的适当形式填空试题的解题技巧,Smashing golden eggs,1.谓语动词,1. Now my picture and prize _ (be) hanging in the library. 2.Thi
6、s cycle _ (go) every day（2015全国卷） 3. Books may be _ (keep)for four weeks.,are,kept,goes,Tips:如果缺谓语，就要根据上下文 语境和意思确定动词的_ _和_ 的变化,语态,时态,数,2.非谓语动词,1.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man_(sit) at the front. （2011广东卷）,sitting,2.Simon made a big bamboo box _ (keep) the
7、little sick bird till it could fly.,to keep,3._(see) from the tallest building, the whole city looks very beautiful,Seen,Tips:要根据上下文语境和意思 ， 确定动词的使用非谓语动词:1.如果与它的逻辑主语是主动关系:2.如果与它的逻辑主语是被动关系:3.如果表示将来或目的:,一般用V-ing形式,一般用V-ed形式,一般用动词不定式。,Tips:名词主要涉及名词的可数与不可数以及 可数名词的_的问题,1)Teachers must try their best to ma
8、ke most of their _(student) interested in the subject.,students,2)Those tests included people of different _ (age)from 12 to 83.,ages,3)He agreed to read my story and give me some _(advice) on how to write like a real writer.,advice,单/复数,3.名词,2.He speaks English as _(fluent)as Mary.,13,4.形容词和副词,1.Fi
9、nally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is_(clean) than ever.（2011）,3.The_(hard) you try to beat him, the morelikely you will get hit.(2014全国卷）,cleaner,fluently,4.One of the _(bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher （2014）,worst,Tips:形容词和副词主要考查比较级、最
10、高级等。 1.在表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the时， 一般要用_；than的前面一般要用_, 2.注意”越,就越”_ 以及原级比较_,The +比较级,the +比较级,as+adj/adv+as,最高级,比较级,harder,词性转换,permission,exploration,performance,3.Jay Chou will give his_(perform) 4.The smallest good habits can make a_(different ) . （2014全国卷）,1.The man explained that he had Gods _(p
11、ermit) （2012广东）,2.we set out on this voyage of _(explore),difference,2.He is _ (help) to others.,helpful,3.Mr.Wang is a _(fun) teacher.,funny,1.The story sounds_(interest),interesting,4.In a _ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to（2013）,dangerous,词性转换,词性转换,1. “Thirty-
12、five cents,” she said_(rude). （2014） 2. _(unbelievable), she could remember 200 English words. 3. There must be something_ (serious) wrong with our society,rudely,Unbelievably,seriously,词类转换题,1.His bad health is a great _ (advantage) to him.（2014辽宁） 2.He is very _(lucky), he never wins anything. 3.I
13、t is _ (polite) to leave without saying goodbye to the host.,disadvantage,unlucky,Tips:根据句子意思需要,填上词根意义相反的 派生词，在词根前加_等，在词根后 加_等使句子前后逻辑意义通顺。,un-,im-,dis-,-less,impolite,6-7空 （有提示词）,无提示词,谓语: 时态，语态,主谓一致非谓语动:-ing，-ed，to do,空,10,1.动词变名词、形容词,2.名词变形容词,3.形容词与副词的互换,动词,名词：,单复数,形容词/副词：,比较级、最高级、原级,词性转换,二、纯空格试题的解
14、题技巧,1.We had _ amazing conversation. 2.There was _ small amount of unfairness in the world. 3.The orange is tasty. Id like to have_ third one because _second one is rather too small.,the,a,a,Tips ：名词前若没有形容词性物主代词或some/any等限定词，就很可能填冠词。此外还要注意一些固定搭配中的冠词。,冠词,an,1.Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asi
15、a. In India, most people eat_ their hands. 2.Most of us are more focused _ our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.,Tips ：注意常见介词的意思及适用语境。比如，with通常是“有、用”的意思；此外还要注意一些固定搭配中的介词。比如： focus on,on,with,介词,People from Black Country are very friendly,_ their local dialect, which comes from the o
16、ld “Middle English”, can be very difficult to understand.It was time for her to have a new baby,_ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.,but,and,技巧： 若两句之间没有引导从句的引导词，也没有分号，一般考虑填并列连词。 根据语境的需要选择恰当意思的连词，比如，顺承用and,转折用but.,并列连词,1.Nicks guests, _ had heard their conversation, asked why the
17、y should not save a bit of money. 2.Whenever they turned to look at him, they had to look at Mary, _ made her feel like a star. 3.All the other students wondered _ the boy would do.,从句引导词,who,which,what,定语从句,名词性从句,技巧：如果空白处所填引导词引导的从句在主句中起形容词的作用，此时应考虑定语从句的引导词，如：who , whom , that ,which , whose等。如果空白处所
18、填引导词引导的句子在主句中起名词的作用，则从句为名词性从句，名词性从句缺主语或宾语，根据句子意思填适当的词，如：who/whom, what,技巧：如果空白所填词引导的句子起副词的作用，则从句为状语从句，此时应根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系确定合适的连词。 缺地点状语用_, 缺时间状语用_， 缺原因状语用_， 缺方式状语用_。,where/wherever,when/ whenever,why,how / however,1.I just want to know _ you are. I am looking for you. 2._ you need help, please call me
19、 without hesitation. 3. _ cold it was, he would swim in the river.,where,Whenever/When,However,地点状语从句,时间状语从句,让步状语从句,1.Listen to these words from Darwin P. Kingsley: “You have powers you never dreamed of. You can do things you never thought you _ do. 2 .He had no time or energy to play with his child
20、ren or talk with his wife, but he _ bring home a regular salary.,could,did,Tip:若结构完整,空格后的谓语动词是原型，且又与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很有可能是填_或_ 。,情态动词,表示强调或倒装的助动词（do, does, did等）,(1) _ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG(味精).(2) _ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise. （3
21、）The frozen parts of the city also make _ easier for residents to skate around.,It,Only,技巧7：由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词.,it,强调句型 it is/wasthat,倒装句,It 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是to skate around,Test points(考点）,6-7空 （有提示词）,3-4空 （无提示词）,连词（并列句）：and, but, or 引导词（从句）who, that, what 代词：they, him, our, themselves 介词：in, on, to, for
22、冠词： a/an, the 连接性副词：however, therefore,谓语: 时态，语态,主谓一致非谓语动:-ing，-ed，to do,空,10,1.动词变名词、形容词,2.名词变形容词,3.形容词与副词的互换,动词,名词：,单复数,形容词/副词：,比较级、最高级、原级,词性转换,Practice makes perfect,Hunt for your targets! 空靠大家挖！,要求： 1.谓语动词 2个 2.非谓语 1个 3.名词 单复数 2个,Step by step: Hunt for your targets! (寻觅各自的目标） Select the most val
23、uable ones!,4.形容词变副词 2个 5.形容词变名词 1个 6.介词 1个 7.冠词 1个,The adobe dwellings(土坯房）built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to “air con
24、dition” a house without using electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat slowly during cool nights，thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough to cool the house during the hot
25、day: at the same time, they warm up again for the night This cycle goes day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperatures. As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe wal
26、ls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.,（2015年全国高考题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The adobe dwellings(土坯房）_(build) by the Pueblo Indiansof the American Southwest are admired by even _ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adob
27、e dwellings admirable is their _(able) to “air condition”a house without _（use）exectic equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat_（slow）during cool nights，thus warning the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now
28、 cold enough _ _ (cool) the house during the hot day: _the same time, they warm up again for the night This cycle _ _ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset（抵消）for the outside temperatures. As _(nature) architects, the Puebl
29、o Indians figured out exactly_thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.,built,how,ability,using,slowly,to cool,at,goes,natural,the,9 9,Scale new heights bravely.,Homework,1.Finish three grammatical filling exercises.2.Make up a Grammar Filling passage in groups of four
30、and hand it in tomorrow.,Two men were_(travel) together, when a Bear_(sudden) met them on their path. One of them climbed up quickly into a tree and hid in the_(branch). _(feel) that he would be attacked, the other fell flat on the ground. The Bear came up and felt him with his snout, and smelt him
31、all over. He held his_(breathe), and pretended _ be dead . The Bear soon left him, for it is said bears will not touch a dead body.When_ bear was quite gone, the other Traveler came down out of the tree. With a clever grin, he inquired of_ friend, “Just what was it _ the Bear whispered in your ear?”
32、 His companion replied, “He gave me this advice: Never travel with a friend_ deserts you at the approach of danger.”,traveling,suddenly,branches,Feeling,breath,to,the,his,that,who,过去进行时,副词修饰动词,可数名词复数,现在分词非谓语,词性转换,定冠词特指上文出现过的事物,物主代词修饰名词,强调句型的疑问句型“what was/is it that?”,定语从句who 代指先行词friend 作desert的主语,pretend to do/be固定搭配,副词的变形,一般情况下，形容词直接加_ full: 以ll结尾的_ possible: 以le结尾的_ 另类： scientific: 以ic结尾的，_ easy: 以辅音字母加y结尾的，_,直接加y,在后面加ally,改y为i再加ly,改le 为ly,truly,wholly,ly,fully,possibly,scientifically,easily,true whole .,
