1、名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句。,宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用，可以作动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。,I. 宾语从句,引导宾语从句词有:,(1)大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后：,1.He doesnt know where the post office is. 2.I guess（that）he Iives in Beijing. 3.His brother asks when he will go to the library,做动词的宾语,(2)有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语：,He told m
2、e what I should readCan you tell me who we are going to meet ?,(3)如果宾语从句后面有宾语补足语，要 使用形式宾语 it 而将从句放到补足 语后面；,I thought it strange that he failed to call me,(1) 一般情况下，宾语从句直接跟在谓语后;,Did she say anything about how we should do the work?,做介词的宾语,连词 that(引导宾语从句，无意义，不做主宾成分，可省略) if，whether；（引导宾语从句，不做主宾成分，翻译为“是
3、否”）,1) I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science. 2) I wonder whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered.,The Object Clause,连接代词 who（谁，主宾），whom（谁，宾 what（什么，的事情，东西 ，主宾 Which（哪一个 主宾）,3) Do you know who/whom Jack was speaking to? 5) Pay attention t
4、o what the doctor said.,连接副词 从句不缺主宾不起主要作用 只做状语 when （何时 什么时候）， where（在哪里，何处，的地方） how （如何，怎样） why （为何）,6) Please tell me when the earthquake took place. 7) Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?,连词+宾语从句 连词+to do,I dont know what I shall do next .I dont know what to do next . She didnt decid
5、e which one she would choose .She didnt decide which one to choose . Please tell me whom youll give the letter to .Please tell me whom to give the letter to .,I hear a new restaurant will be opened in the city next month. Could you tell me where they are having a picnic I dont know if you want to ta
6、ke part in the competition.,结论4：主句是一般现在时， 宾语从句的时态 。,主句为现在时,2. 宾语从句的时态,根据具体情况而定,I heard a new restaurant would be opened in the city next month. I didnt know you wanted to take part in the competition. She told us she had borrowed the book from the library.,结论5：主句是一般过去时，宾语从句要。,主句为过去时,用与其相应的过去的某种时态,结论
7、6：当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理时用一般现在时。,The teacher said that the earth travelsaround the sun .,3、语序 宾语从句的语序用陈述语序： 连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分,1. When will he go to the library? His brother asks when he will go to the library . His brother asks when will he go to the library .,2. What does he want to buy ? I dont know what
8、he wants to buy . I dont know what does he want to buy .,3. Who are we going to meet ? Can you tell me who we are going to meet ? Can you tell me who are we going to meet ?,1. The young man asked _ its summer or winter. A. either B. that C. weather D. whether2. We dont know _ they did it . A. how B.
9、 who C. what D. which 3. The teacher asks us _ Jim can come back on time .A. that B. if C. when D. what time4. Does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not .A. which B. where C. whether D. that,D,A,B,C,5. I wonder _ he is crying now . A. that B. why C. how D. when 6. Have yo
10、u found out _ we can do on Hainan Island ?A. what B. how C. if D. whether 7. Lily said _ she had finished her composition . A. if B. that C. when D. where 8. I dont know _ he still lives here .A. where B. what C. when D. whether,B,A,B,D,1. Could you show me _ ?A. how can I get to the station B. wher
11、e is the station C. how I could get to the stationD. how I can reach the station 2. Please tell me _. A. what does he like B. what he does like C. what he likes D. what he like 3. My sister told him _ .A. what day was it B. when the train arrived C. who was she waiting D. where did you live,C,B,D,4.
12、 Could you tell me where we _ next week .A. would go B. to go C. had to go D. will go 5. Could you tell me how much _to fly to Hainan ?A.do it cost B.does it cost C.it cost D.it costs 6. The small children dont know _. A.what is their stockings in B.what is in their stockings C.where is their stocki
13、ngs in D.what in their stockings,D,B,D,7. Someone is ringing the doorbell . Go and see _ .A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 8. Could you tell me how long _ ?A. you have bought the watch B. you have kept this science book C. have you been away from China D. have you been a member of
14、 Greener China 9. He says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing .A. will rain , wont go B. rained , wasnt go C. rains , wont go D. rain , will go,B,C,D,在从句中作表语的从句称作表语从句。,that 引导的表语从句,II. 表语从句,that 仅起连接作用，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步解释的作用。,The chance is that one smoker in four will die fro
15、m smoking.,2. whether 引导的表语从句,连接词whether起连接作用， 意为“是否、究竟、到底”（注意：if不能引导表语从句) 在句中也不作任何成分。,The question is whether what man will turn up in time.,3. what, which, who, whom, whose引导的表语从句,连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose除在句子中起连接作用外，还可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语，且各有各的词义。,Tom is no longer what he used to be. The questi
16、on is which of us should come first.,4. where, when, why, how引导的表语从句,连接副词where, when, why, how除在 句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时 间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有 词义。,Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting.,5. 其他连词as if, because, as, as though 引导的表语从句,because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”结构中。,as if/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。,It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.,Finish the Using Structures on page 57.,Homework,
