1、Unit 5 Music Period 3 Learning about Language 语法专题课 “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,【课前热身】 观察并完成下列句子, 并体会“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句的用法 There comes Tom, for _ I have been waiting for an hour. 汤姆来了, 我等了他一个小时。,whom,He handed me a pen with _ I wrote down his phone number. 他递给我一支钢笔, 我用它记下了他的电话号码。 The boy was staying in the room
2、through _ window he could climb down. 那个男孩待在那间屋子里, 通过窗户他可以爬下来。,which,whose,【课堂诠解】 . “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句的基本用法 1. 形式和含义: (1)介词+ which: 说明先行词表示“物”。 （2017北京高考）Material collecting took us a whole week, _ _ we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of school life.,during,which,I lived in
3、a hotel, _ _ _ _ is Tiananmen Square. 我住在一家宾馆里, 它的前面就是天安门广场。,in,front,of,which,(2)介词+whom: 说明先行词表示“人”。 (2016江苏高考)Many young people, most _ _ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. 很多年轻人都到偏远地区去追逐自己的梦想, 他们中的 大多数都受过良好的教育。 The person _ _ I spoke just now is my uncle. 刚才同我说话
4、的那个人是我的叔叔。,of,whom,to,whom,(3)介词+ whose+名词: 表示whose代替先行词所有格 在定语从句中作定语, 修饰其后面的名词。whose所 代替的先行词可以是人也可以是物。 He lives in an old house, _ _ _ lives a family of birds. 他住在一所老房子里, 在屋檐下住着一窝鸟。,under,whose,roof,We were grateful to Kate, _ _ help we could complete the task on time. 我们很感激凯特, 在她的帮助下我们才能够按时完成任务。,w
5、ith,whose,2. 介词的选择: (1)根据介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。 Well never forget the day _ which the earthquake happened in Wenchuan. (on与先行词day搭配) 我们永远忘不了汶川发生地震的那一天。,on,The police searched the house _ which the thief had stayed. (in与先行词house搭配) 警察搜查了那个小偷待过的房子。,in,(2)根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词选择介词。 She is the model _ whom we should
6、 learn. (learn from sb. 向某人学习) 她是我们应该学习的榜样。 They talked about things _ which they were interested. (be interested in对感兴趣)他们谈起了他们感兴趣的 事情。,from,in,(3)根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。 Air, _ which man cant live, is really important. 空气确实重要, 没有它人类就不能生存。,without,【名师指津】聚焦“介词+关系代词”结构易考点 (1)“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中的关系代词只能用which
7、和whom, 不能用who或者that。 (2)介词+which, 作时间状语=when; 作地点状语=where; for which作原因状语=why。,(3)一些动词短语中的介词一般不能与动词拆开, 如look for, look after, be made of, take part in, look forward to等。 (4)当先行词为时间、地点和原因, 介词in, on, for等与关系代词which引导定语从句时, 有时可与相应的关系副词when, where和why等互换。,. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句的特殊用法 1. 复杂介词短语+关系代词(which/who
8、m/whose)的定语从句。常见的复杂介词有: because of, as a result of, in front of, in the middle of, on the top of, at the foot of, at the back of等。,It snowed heavily last night, and because of it the flight was cancelled. (改为含有定语从句的复合句) _ _ They arrived at a farm house, and in front of it sat an old woman. (改为含有定语从句
9、的复合句) _ _,It snowed heavily last night, because of which the flight,was cancelled.,They arrived at a farm house, in front of which sat an,old woman.,【名师指津】如果是表示方位的介词短语, 并且放在句首, 定语从句要全部倒装。,2. 名词/不定代词/数词/形容词最高级+关系代词的定语 从句。 China has thousands of islands, _ _ _ _ (其中最大的岛屿)is Taiwan Island. The poor man
10、 has three sons, _ _ _ (他们都) dont support him.,the,largest,of,which,all,of,whom,【名师指津】名词+介词+关系代词的常见句式为: the+n. +of+关系代词, 也可用of+关系代词+the+n. 或whose+n. ; 当然of+关系代词表所属关系。,The little girl wrote a song, _ _(歌名)Ive forgotten.,the name of which/of,which the name/whose name,【巧学助记】定语从句用法顺口溜关系副词可替换, 介词加上关系代; 关系代, 关系代, that与who要除外; 挑选介词要聪明, 必看动词和先行。,【课堂小结】 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 1. 基本构成: 介词+ which/whom 2. 特殊用法: 复杂的介词短语(because of, as a result of, on the top of. . . )+关系代词引导的定语从句,名词/不定代词/数词/形容词最高级+关系代词引导的定语从句 3. 介词不能提前的情况: 构成固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提前。,
