1、关系副词,关系副词,when,where,why,1. Ill never forget the day when I joined the League.,定语从句,我将永远忘不了_那一天。,我入团的,when I joined the League.,先行词,关系副词,=on which,在定语从句中充当时间状语,when,on the day,I havent seen him since the year when he went abroad,定语从句,从_ 那年，我就没见过他。,他出国的,when he went abroad,先行词,关系副词,=in which,在定语从句中充当
2、时间状语,when,in the year,定语从句的翻译：,April Fools Day is a day when people play jokes on friends,愚人节是_日子。,人们可以和朋友开玩笑的,七月一日是（他出生的）日子。 July 1st is the day _.,when he was born,1945年是(二战结束的) 时间。The year 1945 was the time_ _.,when the Second World War ended.,我永远忘不了(第一次来深圳的)那一天。I will never forget the day _ _.,w
3、hen I first came to Shenzhen.,Practice,But farmers in more developed countries often grow crops in order to sell to other countries where food is in greater demand.,where food is in greater demand,定语从句,先行词,关系副词,= in which,在定语从句中充当地点状语,where,Tomorrow I will go to the town where I was born.,明天我要去_那个小镇
4、。,我出生的,where I was born.,定语从句,先行词,关系副词,= in which,在定语从句中充当地点状语,where,定语从句的翻译：,The factory where I work will close down.,_ 那家工厂将倒闭。,我工作的,我将要去(我爷爷住的)那座城市。 Ill go to the city _.,where my grandpa lives.,这附近有没有(我可以买到花的)商店？Is there a shop near here _ _?,where I can buy some flowers?,我在（我们吃午餐的）那家餐馆里丢了钱包。I
5、lost my wallet in the restaurant _ _.,where we had lunch.,Practice,I really dont know the reason why he was late again.,我真的不知道_原因。,他再次迟到的,why he was late again.,定语从句,先行词,关系副词,= for which,在定语从句中充当原因状语,why,The reason why he was so sad was that he lost the game.,_原因是他比赛输了。,他如此伤心的,why he was so sad,定语从句
6、,先行词,关系副词,= for which,在定语从句中充当原因状语,why,定语从句的翻译：,I didnt tell him the reason why I was afraid.,我没告诉他_原因。,我害怕的,(我不给你写信的)原因是我不知道你的地址。 The reason _ was that I didnt know your address.,why I didnt write to you,你是否知道(他们做这件事的)原因？Do you know the reason _?,why they did it,(我不喜欢那家餐馆的)原因是我在那丢过东西。 The reason _
7、is that I once lost something there.,why I dont like the restaurant,Practice,小结：,关系副词,when,where,why,在定语从句中充当时间状语,在定语从句中充当地点状语,在定语从句中充当原因状语,相当于介词+ which,关系词及其用法小结,人,作主语,不省,人,作宾语,可省,人/物(的),作定语(+n),不省,事/物,作主语/宾语,作宾语时可省,人/物,作主语/宾语,作宾语时可省,关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略,that,介词+which,作时间状语,介词+which,介词for+which,作地点状语
8、,作原因状语,不省,不省,不省,不可以省略,Detailed explanation,when 指时间，在从句中作时间状语，它的先行词为time, day, morning, night, week, year, moment, period, age等，亦可用“介词+which”替代。,我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时间。,我们生活在许多事情可以在电脑做的时代。,We are living in an age when many things are done on computer.,I still remember the time when I first traveled by pla
9、ne.,where指地点，在从句中作地点状语。它的先行词通常为place, spot, street, house, room, city, town, country等，亦可用“介词+ which”替代。,Can you tell me the company where he works?,你能告诉我他工作的公司吗？,Keep the books in a place where you can find them easily.,请把书放在容易找到的地方。,Attention,where 引导的定语从句还可以修饰表示抽象空间概念的名词，如 case(情况或事例), point(地步或点)
10、,degree（程度),situation(情形或处境), position(位置), stage(阶段或场景),What are some situations where body language is the only form of communication?,在哪些情形下身体语言是唯一的沟通方式？,why 指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason， 在定语从句中作原因状语，亦可用“介词for+ which”替代。,Can you tell me the reason why you didnt come to his birthday party?,你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会
11、的原因吗？,3. 并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用when, where, why，若先行词在定语从句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用which或that。We often think of the days which we spent together in the countryside.,which在定语从句中作宾语,比较: We often think of the days when we worked together in the countryside.,when在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于 on the days。,We believe the reaso
12、n that he told us. 比较: The reason why/for which he was absent yesterday is still unknown.,归纳： 关系词的选择依据先行词在从句中所作的成分，先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。,1. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when t
13、hey remembered the scenes _ people were eaten by the tiger. A. in which B. by whichC. which D. that,2. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _ they learn simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where 点拨 这是一个定语从句，先行词是a day care center，表示地点，故选where。,3. The village has develope
14、d a lot _ we learned farming two years ago. A. when B. which C. that D. where 点拨 该句先行词是The village，定语从句和先行词被谓语has developed a lot隔开，从句中缺地点状语，故选where。,4. After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.A. which B. that C. where D. when,5. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained,6. There are altogether eleven books on the shelf, _ five are mine.A. on which B. in which C. of which D. from which,
