1、书 面 表 达之 赢取高分策略,NMET书面表达评分原则,1、先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定档次。,第五档： 2025分 第四档： 1520分 第三档： 1015分 第二档： 5 10分 第一档： 0 5分,语言地道，规范,覆盖所有内容要点,2、主要内容：内容要点；词汇和语法的数量和准确性；上下文的连贯；语言的得体性,应用了较多的语法结构和词汇,有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,3、拼写和标点是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。,4、词数少于100和多于140的，从总分中减去2分。,5、如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。,Which composition
2、feels more attractive, why?,书面表达如何写？,五个步骤,1、审题,题材、人称、时态、要点,2、以词及点：用一两个单词或短语写出每句 话的细节要点。,3、联词成句：用联词成句的方法将上述要点 的词语扩展成句子。,4 联句成文：,注意：,主语和谓语,背景（适当增加时间、地点条件等）,逻辑关系,开头与结尾 语篇衔接,5、检查修改，规范抄写,给阅卷人以好的第一直观印象,整体三部分,Heading 点题；一两个句子；概括性；暗示性 2. Body 中心记述部分；层次分明 3. Ending 小结；呼应主题,词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少，也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志。,运用得当
3、的句子结构可以给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉 。,使用恰当连接词，对写一篇有“英语味”的文章很重要，能使文章上下衔接自然、紧凑。,增强书面表达效果的技巧,1. Because the weather was good, our journey was comfortable.2.We all think he is a great man.3.Suddenly I thought out a good idea.4.The students there neednt pay for their books.5. As a result the plan was a failure.,
4、The plan turned out to be a failure.,Thanks to the good weather, our journey was comfortable.,一、怎样使用较高级的词汇,We all think highly of him .,A good idea occurred to me.,/ A good idea suddenly struck me.,Books are free for the students there.,6. When she heard he had died, she went pale with sorrow.7. She
5、 went to Austria in order to study music. 8. When he spoke, he felt more and more excited.9.In our school, there are twenty-six classrooms.10.You can find my house easily.,She went to Austria for the purpose of studying music.,At the news of his death, she went pale with sorrow.,The more he spoke, t
6、he more excited he felt.,Our school is made up of twentysix classrooms.,Youll have no trouble finding my house.,感叹句 How happy I was when I received your letter!What a kind boy he is! 2. 强调句 It was this young boy that helped the old granny. I do hope you can come if possible.,二、使用丰富的句式：,利用不同的句型来表达同一个
7、意思,能增加文章的文采。,3、 倒装句 Only in this way can you solve this problem.There comes the police car.Hardly had they got to the station when they met the young man. 4、 省略句 They read while walking or riding on a bus.Come to me if necessary. 5、 with短语 I saw a young lady walking slowly in the street with a handb
8、ag in her hand.,6、 定语从句 In my opinion, cyber cafes should be a place where we can find much useful information.Lets come to the main teaching building, at the back of which stands the school library.7、 各种名词性从句Thats what I should do.We should do a favor to whoever needs help at present.,8、 各种状语从句Time
9、 passed quickly before we knew it.The moment we reached the farm, we got down to harvesting.So long as we work harder at our lessons, well catch up sooner or later.Do call me before hand so that I can meet you at the airport. They had to wait because the rain was getting more and more heavily.,Pract
10、ice,1. 改变时态,The bell is ringing now. (一般),2. 改变语态,People suggest that the conference be put off. (一般),There goes the bell. (高级),It is suggested that the conference be put off. (高级),3. 使用不定式,4. 使用过去分词,He is so kind that he can help me. (一般),He is so kind to help me. (高级),She walked out of the room an
11、d many students followed her. (一般),Followed by many students, she . (高级),Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten . (一般),Once seen, it can . (高级),5. 使用v-ing形式,When he arrives please give me an e-mail. (一般),If the weather permits, Ill come tomorrow. (一般),On his arriving/ arrival, please give. (高级),
12、Weather permitting, Ill come tomorrow. (高级),Now our school has three teachers. They teach 48 pupils. (一般),Now our School has three teachers, teaching 48 pupils. (高级),It disappointed everybody that he didnt turn up. (一般),I happened to have met him. (一般),6. 使用名词性从句,The fact that he didnt turn up disap
13、pointed everybody. (高级),It happened that I had met him. (高级),To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things. (一般),What surprised him is that the girl. (高级),7. 使用状语从句,I wont believe what he says. (一般),If you come back before six oclock, you can go out. (一般),The meal was very nice. We all enjoy
14、ed it very much. (一般),No matter what he says, I wont believe. (高级),You can go out on condition that you come back before. (高级),The meal was so nice that we all. (高级),8. 使用定语从句,The girl is spoken highly of. Her composition was well written. (一般),The girl whose composition was well written was spoken
15、highly of. (高级),I studied Chinese, maths, English, physics, chemistry and computer at school. (一般),The subjects I studied at school included Chinese, maths, English. (高级),9. 使用虚拟语气,The ship didnt sink because there were the efforts of the captain. (一般),I wasnt invited to the party, so I didnt attend
16、 it. (一般),If I had been invited to the party, I would have attended it. (高级),But for the efforts of the captain, the ship would have sunk. (高级),10. 使用强调句、倒装句、感叹句,Regular radio broadcasts began in 1920. (一般),It was not until 1920 that regular radio. (高级),Weak as I am, Ill make the effort. (高级),Though
17、 Im weak, I will make the effort. (一般),How glad we were to see the crops and.! (高级),We were glad to see the crops and vegetables growing very well. (一般),11. 使用并列句,If you go through the gate, youll find the entrance to Bear Country. (一般),Go through the gate, and youll find. (高级),I got up late this mo
18、rning, otherwise I could have caught the early bus. (高级),I got up late this morning. I didnt catch the early bus. (一般),The more he spoke, the more excited he felt. (高级),When he spoke, he felt more and more excited. (一般),三、使用恰当的连接词1. 表示递进;在同一话题上补充内容另外，还有：what is more; besides; also; moreover; in addi
19、tion 2. 表示转折关系但是， 然而， 相反：but; however; yet; instead; on the other hand; on the contrary.,高考大纲中常用的连接词：,3. 表示因果关系因为，因此，所以: since; as; because(of ); so; thus; therefore; as a result; 4. 表示条件关系如果，只要: if ;on condition ( that );as long as除非:unless 否则:or；otherwise,5. 表示时间关系当 的时候 :when ; while在之后: after 在之前
20、: before 直到: until一就: as soon as; no soonerthan; hadlywhen 后来， 然后: later; afterwards不久: soon 近来: lately; recently自从 :since 从那时起: from then on,6. 表示特定的顺序关系首先， 最主要的: above all 其次: secondly 然后: then; next 最后: finally; in the end7. 换一种方法表述换句话说: in other words;that is to say;,8. 进行举例说明例如，比如: for instance
21、; for example; like; such as9. 用于陈述事实实际上: in fact; actually; as a matter of fact跟你说实话 : to tell you the truth; to be honest,10. 对一个话题进行总结总而言之，总的来说: on the whole; in short; all in all; in general; in a word其它常用到的副词Therefore ; otherwise ; finally ; furthermore ;Thus ; namely(也就是) ; although ; afterwar
22、ds ; personally;,高考作文类型：,A. 图表数据说明类文章 B. 提示议论文类文章 C. 看图说话类文章 D. 书信类,写作基本步骤： 仔细审题，列举大纲。 围绕要点，写出句子。 添加过度，确保连贯。 先求正确，再求灵活。 认真眷写，卷面整洁。,Practice 书面表达：,Ladies and gentlemen,Welcome to our school !, This village is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people.,It used to be very poor
23、.,However,it has changed a lot since 1978 ,and has been developing very fast.,People here live a much better life than before .,Now it is taking,on a new look.,In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt afford to go to school. ,But now it has been rebuilt and, which has 4
24、storeys is the most beautiful one in the village.,All the school-age children can study here., Whats more,they enjoy free education., May you enjoy your stay here.,the newly built teaching building,/ May you have a pleasant time here!,Thank you.,Ladies and gentlemen,Welcome to our school ! This vill
25、age is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. People here live a much better life than before . Now it is taking on a new look.In the past, the school here was very smal
26、l and most children couldnt afford to go to school. But now it has been rebuilt and the newly built teaching building which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here. Whats more, they enjoy free education. May you enjoy your stay here. Thank y
27、ou.,现在正是春暖花开的春游时节。你校学生以“高三学生要不要参加春游活动”展开了讨论。请根据以下讨论结果，写一篇短文。,How to write a good composition,The outline of the writing:,Conclusion paragraph: ,Introduction paragraph: ,主题句的内容要明确具体，语言简洁，开门见山，句式力争多样性,How will you start you passage? 问句： 从句： Introduction:（sample） Whether or not should Senior 3 students
28、 go spring outing? We have had a heated discussion.,巧用过渡句，过渡词，理顺文章的逻辑关系,Pay special attention to the transition sentences: Opinions are divided on the question.,The body part,Point1: 65%的人认为应该春游（亮明观点） Sentence pattern: Most of us (about 65%) hold the opinion that,since it tends to,which is unfavorab
29、le to Most students, about 65%, are for the idea that Senior 3 students should go spring outing.,Reason1：接触大自然，呼吸新鲜空气，有利健康,Sentence pattern:They think it good to do sth/ sth do good to sthIn their opinion, it is of great benefit to do sth Eg:They think it good for their health to be close to nature
30、and breathe some fresh air,Reason 2:活动是精神放松，大脑休息，有利于学习,（注意：两个观点之间的连接） 递进 whats more ；besides ; moreover ; in addition；furthermore Eg: they can relax themselves for a while and rest their brains so that they will be more energetic.,Conclusion: 小段总结，进一步亮明观点，前后呼应。,Eg: They think it will do good to thei
31、r students.,Point 2:的学生认为不应该春游（亮明观点） 注意：使用过渡句，自然衔接句子和段落（承上启下） Sentence pattern: However, others prefer to Some others have just the opposite opinion On the other hand. Eg: On the other hand, about 35% students are against the idea.,Reason 1:高考临近，没有心情玩 Sentence pattern: They say/believe/hold the opin
32、ion that.Eg: They say that with college entrance examination drawing near, they dont feel like going anywhere.,Reason 2:春游耽误学习 （注意：两个观点之间的连接） Eg:Besides, they think going spring outing will take at least a day off. They cant afford the time. They think they should fix their attention on their studie
33、s,Whether or not should Senior 3 students go spring outing? We have had a heated discussion. Opinions are divided on the question. Most students, about 65%, are for the idea that Senior 3 students should go spring outing. They think it good for their health to be close to nature and breathe some fre
34、sh air and whats more, they can relax themselves for a while and rest their brains so that they will be more energetic. They think it will do good to their students.On the other hand, about 35% students are against the idea. They say that with college entrance examination drawing near, they dont fee
35、l like going anywhere. Besides, they think going spring outing will take at least a day off. They cant afford the time. They think they should fix their attention on their studies,表示观点对比类写作套语,A.总起:Opinions are divided on this question. Different people hold different / opposite opinions. People have
36、 taken/adopted different attitudes towards People have different opinions on this problem.People take different views on this question. B.表达观点一:of them hold the opinion that .of them are in favor of the idea thatPeople who are for the idea think ,C.表达不同观点之间的衔接: However, of them hold a different view
37、. / of them hold the opposite opinion. People who are against it dont think so. However, every coin has two sides. Different from those., people think . On the other hand, people think . D.结尾常用套语:In my opinion/Personally, As far as Im concerned, In short/ in brief/ in a word, ,表列举说明的关联词: Firstly/ Fi
38、rst of all/ To begin with, Secondly Thirdly In the first place In the second place In the third placeFinally/ Last but not least/, 表示递进、强调的关联词Besides/Apart from/ Whats more/ In addition/ Furthermore/ Moreover/worse still/ to make matters worse,Whether or not should Senior 3 students go spring outing
39、? We have had a heated discussion. Opinions are divided on the question. Most students, about 65%, are for the idea that Senior 3 students should go spring outing. They think it good for their health to be close to nature and breathe some fresh air and whats more, they can relax themselves for a whi
40、le and rest their brains so that they will be more energetic. They think it will do good to their students.On the other hand, about 35% students are against the idea. They say that with college entrance examination drawing near, they dont feel like going anywhere. Besides, they think going spring ou
41、ting will take at least a day off. They cant afford the time. They think they should fix their attention on their studies.,Opinions are divided on the question.,Most students, about 65%, are for the idea that,On the other hand, about 35% students are,against the idea.,whats more,Besides,A、运用高级词汇或短语
42、B、增加形容词或副词 C、灵活运用各种句型,亮点点拨,Whether or not should Senior 3 students go spring outing? We have had a heated discussion. Opinions are divided on the question. Most students, about 65%, are for the idea that Senior 3 students should go spring outing. They think it good for their health to be close to na
43、ture and breathe some fresh air and whats more, they can relax themselves for a while and rest their brains so that they will be more energetic. They think it will do good to their students.On the other hand, about 35% students are against the idea. They say that with college entrance examination dr
44、awing near, they dont feel like going anywhere. Besides, they think going spring outing will take at least a day off. They cant afford the time. They think they should fix their attention on their studies.,be close to,energetic,feel,like going,afford,fix their,attention on,heated,fresh,图表类作文写作方法,基础写
45、作,Basic writing,table表格, chart图表 , graph曲线图，figure(数据) ；,第一、 点主题(1句) 第二、 分析描写数据(3句) 第三、 归纳总结 (1句),图表作文的一般结构：,前提: 结合写作内容.,1.The graph/chart/table above the above graph/chart, it can be seen that. 3. (正如) is shown in the graph, . 4. has been shown from the table that,第一步：,shows,From,As,It,图表类说明文的写作步骤,
46、开门见山地点明本图表所反映的主题, 即conclusion.,常使用的词汇有:,（图表/数据）：,table表格, chart图表 , graph曲线图, figure(数据) ；,动词：,tell, show, represent,常用句型：,第二步：分析数据间的主要差异及趋势，然后描写（在描写数据间变化及总趋势特征时，可采用分类式或对比式以支持主题，并阐明必要的理由）。注意层次。 即 facts and reasons,增长/减少的表达:,表示上升的动词:,rise，increase，climb，go up , ；,表示上升的名词:,rise，increase, ;,表示下降的动词:,fa
47、ll，decline，decrease，drop，go down, ;,表示下降的名词:,fall，decline，decrease，drop, ；,表示平稳:,remain steady/unchanged,常用句型：（ Facts） 1.There was a great /slight increase /rise in 2.There has been a sudden/slow/rapid fall/drop in 3.The rate dropped slightly from 38%into 31% in 4. By comparison with,it decreased/in
48、creased/fell fromto 5. Statistics show a 20% rise/reduction in traffic accidents compared with last year. 6. The population owning mobile phones increased by 10% in 1999.,倍数的表达:,five times as many as,doubled,four,more,1.The number /rate has nearly _ （是的两倍）, as against that of last year.2.The number is that of.（是的5倍)=The number is times than in(比多倍),Reasons: 1. The reason is that 2. One may think of the change as a of 3. The change in largely results _ the fact that .This brings the important fact that . .is the key (因素)in . It is because of _ ,
