1、1Module 10 A holiday journey词句精讲精练词汇精讲1. so(1) so 可以用作连词，表示“那么，因此，所以” 。当“因此，所以”讲时，不能和 because 连用。例如：So what do you like for breakfast?那么你早餐喜欢吃什么？I got up late, so I was late for school. 我起床晚了，所以迟到了。(2) so 还可以作副词，意为“如此，这么” 。 例如：She is so beautiful. 她是如此的漂亮。2. excitedexcited 是形容词，意为“感到兴奋的” ，一般用来说明人的感受
2、。例如：He is very excited at the news. 因为那个消息他很兴奋。【拓展】(1) exciting 是形容词，意为“令人兴奋的” ，一般用来说明事物的特征。例如：I like football. I think its very exciting. 我喜欢足球。我认为它非常令人兴奋。(2) 英语中，带-ing 的形容词，用来形容事物，指某事物的性质、特征，意为“令人的” “让人的” ，常用事物作主语或作定语修饰物。而带-ed 的是用来形容人的，意为“感到的” “使人的” ，其主语是人，类似的词有：boring 令人厌烦的 interesting 令人感兴趣的 mov
3、ing 令人感动的 bored（人）感到厌烦的 interested（人）感兴趣的 moved（人）感动的tiring 令人厌倦的 surprising 令人惊讶的tired（人）感到疲倦/累/厌烦的 surprised（人）感到惊讶的3. arrivearrive“到达”是不及物动词，后接表示地点的副词时，只能用 arrive。而 arrive in 后接表示范围较大的地点名词（如 country, city 等） ；arrive at 后接小地点（如 school, hotel, stop 等） 。【拓展】(1) get to 意为“到达” 。其后接表示地点的副词（如 here; ther
4、e; home 等）时，介词 to 要省略。例如：Theyll get to Beijing at six tonight. 他们将在今晚六点到达北京。Ill get there on time. 我会按时到达那里。(2) reach 是及物动词，可以直接接宾语。例如：Ill call you as soon as I reach New York. 我一到达纽约就给你打电话。4. such assuch as 意为“例如” ，用来罗列同类人或物中的几个例子，可置于被列举的事物与前面的名词之间，但such as 后边不能用逗号。 例如：I have many hobbies, such as
5、reading, dancing and singing. 我有很多爱好，如读书，跳舞和唱歌。Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science. 2其中有许多英语节目很受欢迎，例如跟我学 、 跟我学科学 。English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.许多国家说英语，如澳大利亚加拿大等。【拓展】for example 也意为“例如” ，但是强调“举例”说明，而且一般只举同类人或物中的
6、一个作为插入语，且用逗号隔开。for example 可置于句首、句中或句末。例如：There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.有许多种污染方式，例如噪音就是一种污染。 Many students like playing computer games，for example，Mike.许多学生喜欢玩电脑游戏，比如迈克。5. till/untiluntil 和 till 两者都可作介词、连词，一般情况下可以互换使用。用于肯定句时，主句的动词只用延续性的，它所表示的动作一直延续到 til
7、l 或 until 表示的时间为止，意为“直到为止” ；用于否定句时，主句的动词一般是非延续性的，也可以是延续性的，它所表示的动作直到 till 或 until 所表示的时间才发生，意为“直到（才） ”。例如：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。Wait till I call you.等着我叫你。 People do not know the value of health till they lose it. 直到失去健康，人们才知道健康的可贵。 She didnt arrive until 6 oclock. 她直到 6 点才到。Dont get off
8、 the bus until it has stopped. 公共汽车停稳后再下车。I didnt wake up until I heard the alarm clock. 直到听到闹钟的铃声我才醒来。【注意】until 可用于句首，而 till 通常不用于句首。6. wonderfulwonderful 是形容词，意为“绝妙的，了不起的” ，在句中常作定语或表语。例如：We had a wonderful time. 我们玩得快活极了。The weather was wonderful yesterday. 昨天天气好极了。【拓展】wonder 的用法：(1) wonder 作不及物动词
9、，意为“感到惊异，感到惊讶” ，常与介词 at 连用。例如：I wondered at his doing that. 我对他那样做感到惊讶。(2) wonder 作及物动词，意为“想知道，对感到奇怪，对 感到疑惑” ，后跟 wh-to do sth.或 wh-从句。例如：He wondered what to do next. 他想知道接下来做什么。I wonder whether he will come. 我想知道他是否会来。7. learn aboutlearn about 意为“学习，获得，学得，得知有关的消息”。例如：She can learn about Chinese hist
10、ory.她能学习到中国历史方面的知识。First, we must learn about the weather here.首先，我们必须了解这里的天气。8. do shoppingdo shopping 意为“购物” 。例如：3The children are looking forward to doing shopping. 孩子们正期待着去购物。【拓展】动词 do 后跟动名词形式构成短语，动名词作 do 的宾语，具有名词性质，可以用 some 或 the 修饰。例如：do some reading 阅读 do some washing 洗涮 do some cooking 做饭 do
11、 some swimming 游泳 do some speaking 多说 do some listening 多听词汇精练I. 英汉互译。1. 度假_ 2. 两年前_3. 多长时间_ 4. by plane _5. at home _ 6. 例如_7. 散步_ 8. buy a present for you_9. 购物_ 10. 首先_II. 根据所给首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1. I was so e_ about the good news.2. Can you _(猜出) the answer to the question?3. When did you a_ in Shangha
12、i?4. Theres no homework today and you can _(放松) at home.5. Yesterday the rich man _(卖掉) his car.6. I had a w_ time yesterday.7. There are many _(太平洋的) islands in the world.8. Can you speak F_? No, I cant. I can only speak English and Chinese.9. Yesterday I visited a famous _(宫殿).10. The Eiffel Tower
13、 is w_. I visited it last year.III. 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。take; anything; visit; how many; how much; when; how; start; last; do shopping1. Please _ it to my bedroom. I dont want it here.2. Listen! Im sure I can hear _ outside.3. They wanted _ the farthest island.4. _ films did you see?5. _ money do you ha
14、ve now?6. Please tell him to call me _ he comes back.7. _ did you to go school yesterday?8. The meeting _ at two oclock tomorrow afternoon.9. How long did the rain _ last night?10. I _ with my friends yesterday.IV. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. It _(take) me 7 hours _(get) there last Friday.2. He _(spend) a week i
15、n America last summer.3. I went to Shanghai at the age of 12. My grandma _(meet) me at the train station.4. They _(have) a wonderful time yesterday.5. He often _(take) a taxi to school.46. I usually _(go) to school at 9 oclock but yesterday I _(go) early.7. I _(listen) to a concert on the radio yest
16、erday.8. I _(see) that movie next Sunday.9. We _(leave) London two days ago.10. I _(get) lots of presents for my birthday yesterday.参考答案 I英汉互译。1. on holiday 2. two years ago 3. how long 4. 乘飞机 5. 在家6. such as 7. take a walk 8. 给你买一份礼物 9. do (some) shopping 10. first of allII. 根据所给首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1. exc
17、ited 2. guess 3. arrive 4. relax 5. sold 6. wonderful7. Pacific 8. French 9. palace 10. world-famousIII. 用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空。1. take 2. something 3. to visit 4. How many 5. How much 6. when 7. How 8. will start 9. last 10. did shoppingIV. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. took; to get 2. spent 3. met 4. had 5. takes 6. go
18、; went7. listened 8. will see 9. left 10. got句式精讲1. How long did it take to get there?(1) how long 意为“多长时间 ”，询问某一动作或状态持续了多久，故句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词或表示状态的连系动词。例如：How long do you watch TV? 你看电视多长时间了？How long can I keep the book? 这本书我可以借多久？【拓展】辨析：how often, how soon 与 how long词语 词义 用法 答语特征how often 多久一次 询问动作的
19、频率 often, twice a week 等how soon 多快，过多久 询问时间多快 in+ 一段时间how long 多久 询问时间多久 for/about+一段时间(2) take 意为“花费” ，常用结构为：It takes sb. some time to do sth.意为“做某事需要花费某人多长时间” 。take 在此意为“花费” ，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式 to do sth.，对时间提问时用 How long does it take? 例如：It took me half an hour to finish the work. 完成这项工作花了我半小
20、时。How long does it take you from your home to school? 从学校到你家要花多长时间？2. How long did you spend there?spend 可指花费时间和金钱，其主语为人，常用句型为： 主语+spend +“时间或金钱”+on sth.或in（可省略 ) doing sth. 例如：I spend five minutes on breakfast every day. 我每天花五分钟的时间吃早餐。He spent an hour writing the letter. 他写这封信花了一个小时。3. I hope you l
21、ike it.此句是“ hope + 从句”的结构，意为“希望别人做某事” 。例如：I hope that you can pass the exam. 我希望你能通过考试。5I hope that you havent hurt yourself. 但愿你没有受伤。 【拓展】hope 意为“希望” ，用于表示有可能实现的愿望，其后可接不定式，即：hope to do sth. 意为“希望(自己)做某事” 。例如：I hope to go to Tibet some day in the future. 我希望将来有一天去西藏。【注意】不能用 hope sb. to do sth.的结构。4.
22、 常见的交通方式的表达(1)用介词短语来表示交通方式，介词短语在句中作状语：1) 用“by + 交通工具名词”表示交通方式。例如：by bike 骑自行车 by car 乘小汽车 by bus 乘公共汽车 by taxi 乘出租车2) 用“by + 交通路线的位置”来表示交通方式。例如：by water 由水路 by land 从陆路 by sea 从海路 by air 乘飞机3) 用“in/on + 冠词/形容词性物主代词/指示代词 + 交通工具名词”表示交通方式。其中，in 多用在car 等交通工具之前，而 on 多用在 bike/horse/bus/train/ship 等交通工具之前，
23、它们的用法与“by + 交通工具名词”的用法相同。例如：She often goes to school on a/her bike.= She often goes to school by bike.她经常骑自行车上学。They went there on a bus.= They went there by bus. 他们乘公共汽车去那里。4) on foot 步行。on foot 是固定搭配，表示步行，其中 foot 不能用复数形式 feet，其前也不加任何修饰词。例如：She often goes to school on foot. 她经常步行去上学。(2) 用动词短语表示交通方式
24、，动词短语在句中作谓语。例如：walk to 步行去 drive to 开车去 ride to 骑车/马去 take a train 乘火车 take a bus 乘公共汽车 take a ship 乘船 take a plane 乘飞机5. buy sth. for sb.buy sth. for sb.意为“给某人买某物” ，也可用 buy sb. sth，即 buy 后跟双宾语，sb.指人是间接宾语，sth.指物是直接宾语。例如：He bought me a present. = He bought a present for me. 他给我买了一份礼物。【拓展】英语中带双宾语的动词，如
25、果把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前，必须加上 to 或 for。常见的此种用法的动词分两类：(1) 动词 buy; draw; make 等可跟双宾语，当直接宾语前置时，必须在间接宾语前加 for，即：buy/draw/make sth. for sb. 例如：Mother made a pair of trousers for her son. 母亲为儿子做了一条裤子。(2) 动词 give; pass; lend; write; show; send; hand 和 bring 接双宾语，当直接宾语前置时，需在间接宾语前加 to 构成。即：give/ pass/ lend sth. to sb.
26、 例如：Ill send it to you. 我会把它送给你的。【注意】上述能接双宾语的动词，一般情况下两种形式可以互换，即 vt. + sb. + sth. = vt. + sth. for(to) sb.。但当直接宾语是代词时，不论间接宾语是何种词性，只能用 vt. + sth.(代词) + for(to) sb. 句式精练I. 完成句子。1. 昨天我用了一个小时完成了作业。_ _ me an hour _ _ my homework yesterday.62. 明天我们要坐飞机去美国。Well _ _ America tomorrow.3. 我很累了，什么事情也不想做。Im _ _ t
27、hat I want _ _ _.4. 我们要学许多课程，例如语文、数学和英语。Well learn lots of subjects, _ _ Chinese, English and maths.5. 去你的新家用了多长时间？_ _ did it _ to get to your new house?6. 许多人在公园拍照。Lots of people _ _ _ in the park.II. 句型转换。1. She spent 3 hours finishing the work. (改为同义句)_ _ _ 3 hours _ _ the work.2. We went to Shan
28、ghai last year. (就划线部分提问)_ _ _ _ last year?3. I met my friend in the street yesterday. (就划线部分提问)_ _ _ _ _ friend yesterday?4. We had a wonderful time at the party. (改为同义句)We _ _ at the party.5. We left at 9 oclock in the morning. (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) _ you _ at 9 oclock in the morning? Yes, _ _.6. I thin
29、k the story is boring. (对划线部分提问) _ _ you _ _ the story?7. We got to school by bike. (对划线部分提问)_ _ you _ to school?8. My grandparents gave me some birthday present. (改为同义句)I _ some presents _ my grandparents.9. It took me four hours to finish the job. (对划线部分提问)_ _ _ it _ _ to finish the job.10. He cam
30、e late because it was raining heavily. (对划线部分提问)_ _ he _ late?III. 补全对话。A: What a fine day today! 1. _? B: That sounds like a good idea. 2. _? A: Lets go to the little Hill. B: Shall we take the bus there? A: 3. _. Its not very far. B: That will be OK. Ill ride my new bike. My father bought me for m
31、y birthday last month. A: 4_? B: Lets ask Mary and Jack to go with us. They planned to go last Sunday but it rained. A: Good! Im sure they will be happy to. B: Have you got any idea what we are doing there? A: 5. _. 7B: That will be fun. A. where do you plan to go B. We can go there by bike C. We ca
32、n just lie on the grass having a good rest.D. Why not ask someone else to join us E. How about going on a trip 参考答案I. 完成句子。1. It took； to finish 2. fly to 3. so tired; to do nothing 4. such as 5. How long; take6. are taking photosII. 句型转换。1. It took her; to finish 2. Where did you go 3. Where did you meet your4. enjoyed ourselves 5. Did; leave; we did 6. What do; think of 7. How did; get8. got; from 9. How long did; take you 10. Why did; comeIII. 补全对话。1. E 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C
