1、1Unit6单元语法小专题(Grammar Focus)语法精讲一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态的结构为“was/were及物动词的过去分词(by) 其他” 。其否定形式是在was/were 后加 not；疑问形式是把 was/were 放到句首。如:A wonderful film was seen by us yesterday evening.昨天晚上我们看了一场精彩的电影。Mary didnt go to Davids birthday party because she wasnt invited.玛丽没有参加大卫的生日聚会，因为她没有受到邀请。Were flowers an
2、d grass planted by them along the road last year？去年他们沿路种植了一些花草吗？特殊的被动语态:1.含有双宾语的被动语态含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可以将其中任何一个宾语变为被动结构的主语。一般是把主动结构中指人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，这样句子显得自然；若指物的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，间接宾语前要加介词 to，for 等。如:He lent me a bike. I was lent a bike(by him).A bike was lent to me(by him).他借给了我一辆自行车。2.复合宾语的被动语态 若主动句为“主语
3、谓语宾语宾补”这种复合宾语结构时，则只能将宾语变为被动结构的主语，宾补变成被动结构的主语补足语。如:We call him Xiao Wang.我们叫他小王。He is called Xiao Wang. 他叫小王。注意:若主动语态中的宾补是省略 to 的不定式，变为被动语态时需把 to 补上。如:They heard her sing a song at the party.She was heard to sing a song at the party.在晚会上他们听她唱了一首歌。3.短语动词的被动语态谓语动词为短语动词时，变为被动语态后，不能丢掉词末尾的介(副) 词。如:She loo
4、ks after her grandmother.Her grandmother is looked after(by her).她照料她的奶奶。4.特殊疑问句的被动语态和主动句一样，仍将疑问词置于句首。若主动句的疑问词是 who，变被动句时要改为 by whom 置于句首，也可仍用 who，而将 by 置于句末；若主动句的疑问词是 whom，则改为 who，其余疑问句不变。如:Who bought the book？Who was the book bought by？或 By whom was the book bought？谁买了这本书？语法精练.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. T
5、he bridge over the river _(finish) three years ago.2. A present _(give) to me by my friend on my birthday.3. He _(see) to swim in Daming Lake yesterday.4. Annie _(invite) to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.5. The book _(translate) into many other languages last year.6. You are late. All
6、the tickets _(sell) out an hour ago.7. My shoes _(wash) by my mother yesterday.8. _ a lot of useful things _(invent) by Edison?9. The window _(clean) ten minutes ago，and the room looks bright now.10. In England，nobody under the age of 18 _(allow) to drink in bars.2.按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。11. We bought a pia
7、no last term.(改为被动语态)A piano _ _ by us last term.12. Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming.(改为一般疑问句 )_ Penicillin _ by Alexander Fleming? 13. The books were written by Mr. Li many years ago.(改为否定句)The books _ _ by Mr. Li many years ago.14.Their homework was handed in yesterday.(对画线部分提问)_ _
8、their homework _ in?15.We didnt grow vegetables in the garden last year.(改为被动语态 )Vegetables _ _ in the garden by us last year.单元重难点题组训练题组训练一 smell 的用法.单项选择。( )1.How do you like the fish I cooked for you?I havent had it yet. However，it _ good.A. smells B. testes C. sounds D. feels( )2.The medicine _
9、awful. I cant stand it. I know，Jimmy. But its helpful for you.A. tastes B. eats C. drinks D. takes( )3.Coffee is ready. How nice it _!A. smells B. sounds C. feels D. becomes题组训练二 by mistake 与 by accident 的用法.单项选择。( )1.Be careful！You might cut yourself _.A. by accident B. by mistake C. by an accident
10、 D. by a mistake( )2.I took the wrong train _.I didnt even know it until half an hour later.A. by mistakes B. by mistake C. with mistake D. with mistakes( )3.Do you know how tea was invented? It is said that tea was invented _.A. by accident B. on display C. on sale D. in surprise题组训练三 take place 与
11、happen 辨析.单项选择。( )1.There were lots of people at the street corner when the accident _.A. took place B. has happened C. was happened D. happened( )2.In the past few years，great changes _ in my hometown.A. take place B. took place C. have taken place D. have happened( )3.Something special _ in that h
12、ouse. Many police are standing outside it.A. happen B. took place C. take place D. took out题组训练四 not onlybut also的用法.单项选择。( )1.Not only my friends but also I _ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.A. be B. am C. is D. are( )2.Jack is good at playing the instruments. He plays _ the p
13、iano _ the violin.A. either；or B. neither；nor C. not only；but also D. either；and( )3.We need some players for the game._ you _ your brother can join us.A. Not；but B. Neither；nor C. Either；nor D. Not only；but also单元写作小专题&Section B(3a3b )3【单元写作目标】能介绍自己最喜爱的发明并叙述理由。1.能用“be invented in/by，be used for”等句型
14、描述发明物的历史；2.写作微技能:列提纲在英语写作中的运用。一、语言积累(一)Basic information:用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，补充发明的时间、地点和发明者的信息。注意句子的语态。1.The tea was first _(drink) by Shen Nong nearly 5，000 years ago.2.Cha Jing was _(write) by Lu Yu， “the saint of tea”，during the Tang Dynasty.3.According to Chinese history，kites were first _(use)by Ha
15、n Xin.4.Abacus was _(create) in China in the sixth century by a Chinese man.5.Basketball was _(invent) by a _(Canada) doctor in the 19th century.6.The jeans were first _(make) by a young man called Levis in America in 1853.7.It is believed that the first icecream was _(introduce) to Italy by Marco P
16、olo in the 1500s.(二)Usage:根据所给首字母、单词或中文提示，补全信息。了解各类发明的用途。1.Shoes with lights are used for s_ in the dark.2.Hot icecream scoop is used for _(serve) really cold icecream.3.Shoes with special _(鞋跟)are used for _(change) the _(款式)of the shoes. They can make the shoes go from casual to dressy.4.The Inter
17、net is used for _(communicate) and _(search) useful information.5._(网站)are used for offering online service.(三)Reasons or Purpose:根据所给首字母、单词或中文提示，补全信息。1.In ancient China，sky lanterns were s_ out to ask for help when people in trouble.2.The tea produced a pleasant smell after it was _(boil) in hot wa
18、ter for some time.3.The Great Wall，the biggest manmade object was _(build) to protect the country and the people.4.The tea，one of the most famous drinks, was _(discover)by accident.5.Potato chips，the much-loved _(脆)snack, were invented by mistake.(四)Influence and Development:根据所给首字母、单词或中文提示，补全信息。1.T
19、he _(先驱)of different inventions have changed the world greatly.2.It seems that _(电)is really such a great invention that has changed peoples lives completely.3.Wechata new way to communicate，took the place of short messages all of a_(突然).4.Apple products are without _(怀疑)the ones that are most loved
20、 by Chinese _(顾客).5.Cha Jing was t_ into many languages which helped spread Chinese tea culture in the western world.6.The tea was _(bring) to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries and became popular quickly. People are still drinking it now.7.The zipper is used in our d_ lives almost eve
21、rywhere. We can see zippers on dresses，trousers，shoes and bags.8.In 1936 in Berlin，basketball became an event at the _(奥林匹克).9.The popularity of basketball has _(rise) around the world，with many young people.二、篇章训练小小发明，大大改变。我们的生活因为各种科技发明而日益便捷，请你以“My Favorite Invention”为题，写一篇 120 词左右的英语文章，介绍你最喜爱的发明。W
22、hat the invention isWhen/Where it was invented4Who it was invented byHow/Why it was inventedWhat it is used forThe influences and its development参考词汇:widely，be used for ，be enjoyed by，convenient，useful，helpful，communicateMy Favorite InventionThe mobile phone is my favorite invention. The first mobil
23、e phone was invented for US Army in 1938 in America. Until 1973，Martin Cooper from Motorola Company invented the first mobile phone for civil use. Since then，the world has been changed because of the useful invention.As we all know，mobile phones are being more and more widely used in our daily life.
24、 They are used in many ways.First，they offer fast and convenient service for communication. They are used for calling. We can talk with our friends or parents for a long time. And they are becoming smaller and lighter. Its quite easy for us to carry them everywhere. They can also be used for sending
25、 short messages to show our feelings to our friends. Whats more， we can surf the Internet on mobile phones. That helps us open up our eyes to the outside world. And when we are tired，we can listen to music to relax ourselves. Our life becomes more colorful because of the invention of mobile phone.There is no doubt that the mobile phone plays an important part in our daily life.
