1、The Future of Childhood 展望童年,Prout, A. Introduction Chap. 1-2,Institute of Education Room WE046 University of Warwick Coventry CV4 7AL UKTel: 024 7652 2301 Fax: 024 7652 4177 Email: A.Proutwarwick.ac.uk,經歷,Alan joined WIE as Professor of Sociology and Childhood Studies in 2005. He has researched and
2、 taught at a number of UK universities, including Cambridge, Keele and Sirling.He was also Visitng Professor at Roskilde University.He was Director of the Economic and Social Research Councils Research Programme “Children 5-16“. This large research initiative looked at contemporary childhood in Brit
3、ain through twenty-two different projects. He was editor of the FalmerRoutledge book series “The Future of Childhood“, as well as author of a book of the same name.SOCIOLOGY, ANTHORPOLOGY, HISTORY ,NATURAL SCIENCES,研究興趣,The social study of childhood. Childhood and social theory. Childrens Participat
4、ion. Childrens Services; Childhood and socio-technical relations; Health Education; Childrens everyday lives,E-play: Young Children Learning with Technology at Home., ESRC, Project Start Date: 01/01/2008 Project End Date: 30/06/2011 E-Play: Amendment to Contract, ESRC, Project Start Date: 01/01/2008
5、 Project End Date: 30/06/2011,Prout, A (2008) Culture-nature and the construction of childhood in The International handbook of Children, Media and Culture, Editors: Drotner, K and Livingstone, S, London: Sage Prout, A (2008) Participation, policy and changing conditions of childhood in Transforming
6、 Learning in Schools and Communities: the remaking of educatio for a cosmopolitan society, Editors: Lingard, B., Nixon, J and Ranson, S, London: Continuum Press Prout, A (2006) Children, Young People and Social Inclusion Editors: Prout, A, Tisdall, K, Hill, M, Davies, J (978-1861346629) Bristol: Pol
7、icy Press Prout, A (2006) Conclusion: social inclusion, the welfare state and understanding childrens participation in Children, Young People and Social Inclusion, Editors: Tisdall, K., Davis, J., Hill, M and Prout, A, Bristol: Policy Press Prout, A (2005) The Future of Childhood: Towards the Interd
8、isciplinary Study of Children (0415256755) London: Falmer Press,主旨,論點:以跨學科的方式研究兒童the interdisciplinary study of children (childhood)論述歷程 假設 Assumption, proposition, arguments 論述過程的連貫性 Childhood is heterogeneous & complex,整本書的重要觀點,現代社會 童年的特徵從歷史的觀點19th 20th 開始探究 童年 Nature/culture dichotomy 天生(自然)/教養(文
9、化) 的二分法 現代社會 人工產物和科技 (material artifacts and technologies) 對童年的影響 注音符號 電腦鍵盤上的注音符號 遊戲機 (任天堂),Outline,Changing childhood in a globalizing worldChildhood studies and the modern mentalityThe dualities of the social Childhood, nature and cultureThe future of childhood,Chap. 1: Changing childhood in a glo
10、balizing world,IntroductionChildhood & ModernityChildhood representations Images of global childhood The disappearance of childhood,Globalization and childhood Economic globalization The gradients of childhood inequality Childhood poverty in the rich countries The family in late modernity Demographi
11、c trends in childhood Transnational migration,Childhood and cultural globalization Childhood and individualization Childrens rights Regulating children,Chap.1: conclusion,何謂childhood？Crisis of representation 一個共通性的童年概念，但同時覺知童年的多樣性 Childhood & adulthood 間的界線是模糊的，但也不是沒有界線 (童年並未消逝) 童年的概念不是靜態的 (not a st
12、able entity)；童年處於所在情境中 (社會、歷史、經濟)，是多樣且複雜的，(destablized),童年應該趕上社會的改變 (is caught up in patterns of change)不以二分或對立的方式探究童年 提出不是對立或二分的觀點，跳脫現代性或現代主義的說法 (三個理由) 提出新的了解和分析童年的方式探究 使得童年模糊和不確定的歷程和物件(materials) ，以了解未來的童年,童年是多元的，在現今的政治、經濟、社會、家庭下討論當下的兒童或童年 動態 和 多元的童年不是靜態、單一的；也全無overall pattern的存在當下的政治、經濟、社會情境是什麼？
13、媒體 貧富差距、 家庭、跨國灰姑娘、女性,Chap.2,Chap. 2: Childhood studies and the modern mentality,Introduction The modern mentality Culture & nature Purification and mediation History of childhood studies Darwin and the Child Study movement Pediatric medicine Child psychology The rise of social Social constructionism
14、,19世紀末到20世紀-現代性 與 童年 the emergence of childhoodParticular form of childhood Which is separated from adulthood Concept of children Innocence Dependent Vulnerable Generally incompetent In need of protection and discipline,Childhood is Private sphere School attendance Removal of children from paid work
15、-孟加拉的例子Modernity is the search for order, purity, and the drive to exclude ambivalence Binary thinking Two mutual-exclusive kinds of entity Feature of Post-Enlightenment thinking,Nature vs. Culture Boyle vs. Hobbes Modernism consists of double set of practices Needs teo kinds of intellectual works t
16、o hybridize them work of mediation Work of purification Latour poses a stark and radical alternativeOnly when we pay attention to both the work of mediating nature and culture and purifying,Child study movement Child as a natural primitive Children as a concern of nation (a bio-political concern) Co
17、mpulsory education Child psychology the 2nd emerging discipline in 20th century Definingnormal,Criticism to Child Psychology-Late 20th century Brofenbrenner Vygotsky Childhood as a variable and changing entity Social and culture are important The methodology additive Gesell, Behaviorism, Piaget,Soci
18、al constructionism1990後 Sociological hermeneutics Post-structuralist liguistics Social action and interaction are meaningful Social life has hermeneutic properties Interpretated or read like a text Meaning Is not generated by referents outside the texts but by the structure of relationships between
19、the terms and the text The more nuts and boltsthe more it bacomes apparent,Not the mirror images of the real Different representation of the same thing can be produced, reflecting different points of view and social interestsWe regard childhood as constructed through its telling, there can only be s
20、tories and storytellers of childhood-Stainton-Rogers & Stainton-Rogers, 1992),chap 2: conclusion,Childhood as a heterogeneous assembly Social Technological Biological anImpureentity methodology,Chap 3: The dualities of the social,Introduction The sociology of childhood Modernist sociology The dichot
21、omies of childhood sociology Structure and agency Individual and society Being and becoming,Strategies towards an included middle Resources for an included middle Actor-network theory Complexity and non-linear systems Generational relations Life courses and heterogeneous becoming,Chap 4: Childhood,
22、nature and culture,Introduction Science and society The legacy of the sociobiology episode Contemporary social biology The evolution of juvenility in animal species Primates and humans Primate juvenility The body, childhood and society Bio-technical-social translation,Chap 5: The future of childhood
23、,Introduction Children & mundane artifacts Information & communication technologies (訊息和溝通科技) Reproductive technology (生殖科技) Children & psychopharmaceuticals,Chap 5: Introduction,世界是多元且異質的 世界，包括人類和社會，(自然與科技) (歷史與文化)，等各方面的元素，組合成的集合體，因此不單純的以二元對立的取向看待孩子，Plane of immanenceplane of organization (school f
24、amily)(Deleuze & Guattari) -transform,Chap 5: conclusion,童年以及和孩子相關的現象形成一個異質性的集合體。且科技，作為生理和社會的產物，反過頭來又影響科技的形成 注音符號，要學；因為有注音符號，反過來形成台灣的鍵盤，現在是不學不行Created by their interweaving Create new assemblages, possibilities, problems In a non-teleological processes,A new boundary being negotiated Destabilized th
25、e boundary between public and private；between adults and children Destabilized the natural order of the generations 這些物質的人工產物，或文化產物，的確提供了文化和(自然)天生，社會和科技的集合體-讓我們探究童年，或理解未來童年的軌跡,Chap 5: conclusion,Reconceptulization of childhood 童年不是一個一元(unitary)的現象，而是連結和去連結，融合和區分許多異質性的資料，多重建構而成的。 每一個建構都是特殊的，且從個體到其童年所
26、鑲嵌在的歷史情境，都有著非線性的歷史，有著開放性的，且非目的論的建構過程,研究方法不能簡化到只從某一層面 絕非二元論的 檢驗二元論的問題所在，並以此思考童年建構的gradients 系統性的研究 結合對人或非人類重要的元素 對決定性的因素不要有先前的假設 以開放的方式，讓結果自實徵探究中浮現,我的疑問,Children Childhood 展望童年 未來的童年 童年的未來童年研究的未來 & 未來的童年,建議書籍,The sociology of childhood Corsaro The culture nature of human developmentRogoff, B. (2003) 人類發展的文化本質, 心理出版 幸曼玲、李昭明、陳欣希 翻譯Beyond the quality of early childhood education,
