1、,Lesson 6,A Good Chance,(by Elizabeth Cook-Lynn),Dances with Wolves,Background,American Indian,Indian American,Background,American IndianIndigenous peoples of the AmericasNative Americans,Indian Americanare Americans who have ancestors from India Eg. Chinese Americans : represent Americans of Chines
2、e descent.,Background,Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous（本土的） peoples in North America within the boundaries of the present-day continental United States, including parts of Alaska and the island state of Hawaii. They are composed of numerous, distinct tribes, states, and ethni
3、c groups（民族） The terms used to refer to Native Americans are controversial; according to a 1995 US Census Bureau set of home interviews, most of the respondents with an expressed preference refer to themselves as American Indians or Indians.,(Elizabeth Cook-Lynn) (born 1930 in Fort Thompson, South D
4、akota) is an editor, essayist, poet, novelist, and academic, whose trenchant(尖锐的，鲜明的） views on Native American politics, particularly tribal sovereignty（部落主权）, have caused controversy.,本文选自印第安人女作家伊丽莎白库克-林创作的反映印第安人生活的同名小说。印第安人在美国倍受歧视，多数仍生活在政府为他们划定的、边远贫瘠的居留地内。六七十年代，在轰轰烈烈的黑人民权运动的影响下，印第安人也掀起了反对种族歧视、争取合法
5、权益的斗争。1968年美国印第安人争取民权的战斗组织“美国印第安人运动”正式成立，要求经济独立，复兴传统文化，保护合法权利，特别是印第安人部落的地区自制和恢复他们认为被非法剥夺的土地。当时印第安人为抗议政府违反协议，占领了阿尔卡特拉斯岛Alcatraz Island （19691971），并于1972年向华盛顿进军，占领了印第安人事务局的办公大楼。各地印第安人的民权运动如火如荼。故事的主人公、年轻的印第安人喜鹊的思想也产生了很大变化，他从向往到大学学习、进入主流社会，发展到积极参加民权运动、抗议政府对印第安人的歧视。喜鹊思想的变化和他被无故枪杀，不能不引起我们对美国所标榜的“人权”、“自由”、
6、“平等”的深思。,Native American occupation,Alcatraz Island is an island located in the San Francisco Bay, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) offshore from San Francisco, California. The Occupation of Alcatraz was an occupation of Alcatraz Island by the group Indians of All Tribes (IAT). The Alcatraz Occupation lasted for
7、nineteen months, from November 20, 1969, to June 11, 1971, and was forcibly ended by the U.S. government.,Custer County South Dakota,Custer City, Oklahoma,Discuss,1. Putting all the political and economic issues aside, which side are you in, the Indians or the whites? 2. Does there exist any similar
8、 situation in China is history? Explain. 3. What is the real situation in these days? What do you think of Dalai Lama?,Words and expressions,1. abridged Adj. 删节的 节略的 Abridge v.删减 删节 缩短（stay） Abridgment n.节略本 删节本 In the decades after his death, three successive versions appeared that were variously s
9、anitized, abridged and tidied up,1.agitate: vt. to make sb feel angry, anxious or nervous 使焦虑不安，困扰 This remark seems to agitate her guest. vi. for/against sth : to argue strongly for sth you want, especially for changes in a law, in social condition. etc. （尤指为法律和社会状况的改变而）激烈争论、鼓动、煽动This political gro
10、up has been agitating for social reforms. An attempt to agitate for liberal reforms, coupled with growing dissatisfaction in the monarchy, led to an outbreak of demonstrations against the King in 1848.Adj. agitated : 焦虑不安的，激动的n. agitation 焦虑不安,3. bloodshot,shot V. 射击(shoot) 射门 投篮 N。发射、射击 Give it s s
11、hot A big shot,Briefcase 公事包,Backpack Pouch/wallet/purse Travelling bag Briefcase Tote bag大手提袋 Lady bag Handbag Waist bag,Pencil case/box Shoulder bags Garment bag Trolley/uprights Trolley backpack 双肩背包,Creek 小溪 小河（泛指） Spring 泉水 Stream 小河 小溪（山涧） Brook 细细溪流 River,Pond fishpond（长草长鱼-人工造成） Pool swimmin
12、g pool (清澈透明-人工 天然) Lake Resevoir蓄水池 Sea Ocean,5. embitter: make bitter and angry 使怨恨. Being scolded without good reasons embittered him. 让人无端责骂,他感到一腔怨气。 enable 使能够 encase 将装入箱中 enchant 施以魔法,使着迷 embody 具体体现 empower 授权 authorize,Freak 畸形的人 动植物 现象,犹豫不决,V. Hesitate N. hesitation Adj. hesitant Adv; hesi
13、tantly Hesitate in doing sth/ to do sth As their name indicates, kingsnakes eat other snakes they do not hesitate to attack, kill and consume rattlesnakes,7. intent adj. 专注的 坚决的 专心的 （comparative, superlative?） N。 意图 目的 含义 I was so intent on my work that I didnt notice the time. uc. = intention Shes
14、full of good intentions（intent) but they rarely work out. I do it out of good intent.=intention v. intend Intend to do想要做 intend for 打算 I fully intended to pay for the damage.,Noncommitally 不置可否地,Indecisive Commit Vt. 犯罪、做错事、指派、委托，使承担义务 The old man committed his will to the care of the lawyer. So ma
15、ny children who commit violent crimes have themselves been brutalized by years of abuse and neglect. Commit to do sth 承诺做某事 N. Commitment 承诺 保证 委托 承担义务 献身 This means that the closeness and attraction they once felt is gone, and they stay together only out of commitment. Be committed to sth/doing sth
16、. I am committed to fixing our broken immigration system in a way that upholds our traditions as a nation of laws, but also as a nation of immigrants.,假释 Parole(v. n.): permission that is given to a prisoner to leave prison before the end of their sentence on condition that the prisoner has behaved
17、well. On parole 在假释中 parole hearing 保释 Bail（v. n.）: money that sb agrees to pay if a person accused of a crime does not appear before their trial. When bail has been arranged, the accused person is allowed to go free until the trial. Bail sb out. 保释某人 ， 搭救，,假释VS保释,Shitty,Adj. 1. 卑劣的 下贱的 2. 不幸的 令人不快的
18、 3. 极坏的 悲惨的 CF, SF,9. tentative: a) not definite or certain, because you may want to change your mind. 不确定的，暂定的；试探性的;试验性的 We fixed a tentative date for the meeting. Tentative conclusion 初步结论 Tentative standard 暂行标准 b) unsure , hesitant 犹豫，踌躇不决的 a tentative nod 迟疑的点头,Text Analysis,Why did I want to f
19、ind Magpie? Did Amelia think that Magpie would accept the offer from the university? What happened to Magpie during the years when the narrator and Magpie were out of touch with each other? Who is Elgie? Did Elgie think that Magpie might want to accept the scholarship? What made him think so? What h
20、appened to Magpie in the end?,Text Analysis,1. its not up to me to say. Be up to sb to do sth 应由某人做某事 Translate: 该由朱丽叶自己决定要不要嫁给罗密欧，父母应该做的不应该是干涉子女的婚姻决定而是提供支持和帮助。,2. (be) in for : be going to experience sth soon, especially sth unpleasant. 必定会经历，少不了受到、即将遭受（不愉快的事） 淘气的男孩免不了要挨打。 The naughty boy is in for
21、 a beating. 看那样子,似乎我们免不了要遇到暴风雨天气。 It looks as if were in for stormy weather.,3. reference: 参考 提及 引用 V. refer Refer to sb/sth ( as sb/sth) : to mention or speak about 我们提到李宇春，总是称呼她为“纯爷们”.We always refer to Li Yuchun as “the true man”. Refer to sb/sth: to described or to be connected with sth描述、涉及、与。相
22、关 The term “Arts” usually refers to humanities and social sciences.Arts 一词通常指的是人文和社会科学 To look at sth or ask sb for information 参考、征询refer to the dictionary reference bookreference person,4. in good spirits: 情绪很好 spirits : plural mood with regard to great happiness or great sadness I hope you will b
23、e in better spirits when we meet again. 我希望我们下次见面时你情绪会好些。 He is so depressed that I wonder who could lift his spirits. 他非常沮丧,我不知谁能帮他振作起来。 In high/low spirit mood,5.Why dont you just leave it alone now?,Leave sb or sth alone 不管 别惹 别碰 Shut up, just leave me alone, I need to think. Leave/let alone sth
24、更不必说 ，更不消说, 更别提 In old China there was hardly any machine-building industry, leave alone an automobile industry. Its water is so contaminated that in some areas it is unsafe even to touch, let alone use for irrigation or drinking.,6.Sentence N. 句子 判刑 V. 判刑 A five-year sentence A sentence of five yea
25、rs Death sentence Lifelong imprisonment Be sentenced to sth 被判处Lifelong imprisonment/ death,7. know of his whereabouts 知道他的下落. a) know of=know about : have heard about 听说过,知道 I dont know him, but I know of him. 我不认识他,但知道有这个人。b) whereabouts :the place where a person or thing is 下落,去向 His whereabouts
26、are/is still unknown.他仍下落不明。,8. settle +sb/oneself To make yourself or sb comfortable in a new position 使处于舒适的位置 He settled himself comfortably in his usual chair. I settled the baby on the sofa and put a blanket over her. Please settle your bill before leaving the hotel. His gaze settled on her fac
27、e.settle down in Guangzhousettle a dispute,9. inch: to move or to make sth move very and carefully in a particular direction. 谨慎移动 Patrol : 巡逻，巡查 Patrolman. 巡逻官,A photo of my mothers A photo of my mother the moment I walked into the classroom, everyone smiles to me. mean,10 Always tentative about le
28、tting you know what he was really thinking， Elgie said， “Yeah？” But Salina wouldnt let him get away so noncommittally， “Elgie，” she scoffed. “You know he wouldnt go！” 埃尔吉总是犹豫着是否让别人了解到他的真正想法，他问道，“是吗？” 可莎琳娜却不想让他就这么不置可否。“埃尔吉，”她嘲弄道，“你知道他是不会去的！”,11. get away There is a meeting after work, but I should be
29、 able to get away by seven. We are hoping to get away a few days at Christmas. Dont be temped to cheat in the exam Youll never get away with it.12. scoff / mock at: 嘲笑,嘲弄,13. go for: to choose sth. Relieve reliefbelieve belief to be attracted by sth/sb, to like or prefer sb or sth. To put a lot of e
30、ffort into sth, so that you get or achieve sth.Go for it!,. surveillancethe act of carefully watching a person suspected of a crime or a place where a crime may be committed.surveillance camera 监控摄像头,. isolate The US has sought to isolate Cuba both economically and politically.The city has been isol
31、ated by recent flooding. isolated sunset sunrise Isolation relatedWhat do you think the best choice isYou think the best choice is XXX,Some key points about the last class:1 1. (At) one time when, we ended up 2. What do you think it would be like for him at that university in California?You think it
32、 would be like XX for him at that university in California.What would it be like for him at that university in California?What do you think it would be like for him at that university in California?你认为什么是最好的选择？What do you think the best choice is? 混合疑问句的句式： 特殊疑问词do you think（或其他表示心里活动的词）陈述语序 “陈述语序”非
33、常重要。,convict Convict: v. to prove or announce that someone is guilty of a crime after a trial. 证明有罪convict sb of sth他被判有诈骗罪(fraud)He was convicted of fraud. n. someone who has been proved to be guilty of a crime and sent to prison 罪犯 越狱犯 an escaped convict,. exile: to force someone to leave their co
34、untry, especially for political reasons n. 流放( in , go into, be forced into ) After a long period of forced exile he returned to rule his country again. 被迫流亡国外很长一段时间后，他回国再次执政。（rule) v. 流放某人，使某人流亡 sb. 战后，他被流放国外而其他领导人则被捕入狱。 After the war, he was exiled and other leaders imprisoned. Put in jail,hung: H
35、ang 悬挂，吊；垂落；悬浮; 绞死，施以绞刑 Hang hanged hanged Hang hung hung Hang your coat up the hook. Her hair hung down to her waist. 她的长发垂及腰际。 Smoke hung in the air above the city. 城市上空烟雾弥漫。 He was the last man to be hanged for murder in this country. 他是这个国家最后一个因谋杀被处以绞刑的人。,独立主格,名词或者代词加上其他成分（分词、不定式、名词、代词、形容词、副词或介词
36、短语）构成，在语法上是一个独立的短语，不是句子，在意思上依附于整个句子，具有一下四个特点： 1. 作用相当于状语从句，可表示时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随情况。 2. 独立逐个结构可置于句首也可以放在句尾。 3. 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句中语法主语不同，不指同一个人或同一事物。 4. 主要用于书面英语。,名词或者代词加上其他成分（分词、不定式、名词、代词、形容词、副词或介词短语）构成，在语法上是一个独立的短语，不是句子，在意思上依附于整个句子。 Miserable misery 1. with/without +名词/代词（宾格）+分词 Without any money left, he
37、 had no choice but to borrow some from his friend. With him sitting next to her, she felt safe. 2.名词/代词（主格）(逻辑主语）+分词 Homework finished ,he went to bed 3.名词 (逻辑主语）+介词短语/形容词/副词 Book in hand, the teacher entered the classroom. He walked out of the room, face red with anger.,pick up 捡起 获得 收拾 学会 接某人 The
38、economy is picking up this year. Lets pick up where we left off yesterday. Ill pick you up at five.He was picked up by police and taken to the station for questioning. Grandma picked up English when she go travelling in Europe. resist resistance The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rate. ( 抵制
39、；反抗） He couldnt resist showing off his new car.( 抵挡不了，忍不住用于否定句）, “There are things about this though，” Elgie said. “Magpie shouldnt have been there， see， because its a part of the condition of his parole that he stays away from friends and relatives and ex-convicts and just about everybody. “还有件事”，埃
40、尔吉继续说：“麦格派本不应该在那儿，你知道吗？因为假释的条件之一就是他应该远离他的朋友、亲戚和以前的囚犯，差不多是不能见任何人。, But the silence which hung about the place filled me with apprehension， and when we walked in the back door which hung open， we saw people standing in the kitchen. I asked carefully， “Whats wrong？” 然而，四周的寂静使我忐忑不安。当我们走进敞着的后门时，看到人们都站在厨房
41、里，我小心翼翼地问道，“出什么事了？,Scold, I held the poems tightly in my hands ，pressing my thumbs，first one and then the other，against the smoothness of the cardboard folder.我把麦格派的诗紧紧地握在手里，两个拇指先后把光滑的文件夹狠狠地摁下去。,Scold,8 I held the poems tightly in my hands ，pressing my thumbs，first one and then the other，against the
42、 smoothness of the cardboard folder.我手里紧紧地握着那些诗歌,拇指时不时地交替摁着光滑的硬纸板表面. 拇指交替用力按压着硬纸夹光滑的表面.,Question,What does the ending of the story tell you?,THE END,Exercise c,1. hesitant 2. whereabouts 3. segregated 4. tentative 5. click 6. noncommittally 7. intently 8. agitation,Exercise D,1. South Africa used to
43、 be a country where black people and white people were (separated, segregated). Separate: to divide or split into different parts, if something separates two places or two things, it is between them so that they are not touching each other Segregate: to separate one group of people from others, espe
44、cially because they are of a different race, sex, or religion(尤指种族隔离),Exercise D,2. The letter from her sister so (embittered, agitated) her that she stayed awake half the night, trying to think of a way to get back at her. Embitter: to make sb feel angry or disappointed about sth over a long period
45、 of time 使怨愤；使沮丧；使苦恼。Years of caring for her aging parents had embittered her. 多年来一直照顾她年迈的双亲使她颇有怨言。 Agitate: (formal) to make someone feel anxious, upset, and nervous(激怒，使不安，使激动) Get back at sb.: to do something to hurt or harm someone who has hurt or harmed you,Exercise D,3. You havent seen him for
46、 over a year?” he sounded (incredible, incredulous). Incredible: too strange to be believed or very difficult to believe(表示一种怀疑的态度) Incredulous: unable or unwilling to believe something(表示虽然不愿相信但承认事实),Exercise D,4. No matter what he said, the only response he got from him was a (noncommittal, tentat
47、ive) “I see” Noncommittal: deliberately not expressing your opinion or intentions clearly(不明朗的) Tentative: not definite or certain, and may be changed later; not behaving or done without confidence (不确定的，不肯定的，暂定的；踌躇的，犹豫的),Exercise D,5 . That plan was too (untrue, unrealistic) to be adopted. Untrue:
48、not based on facts that are correct Unrealistic: unrealistic ideas or hopes are not reasonable or sensible,Exercise D,6. When people looked at him too (intently, tentatively), he felt very uncomfortable. Intently: giving careful attention to something so that you think about nothing else Tentatively
49、: not definite or certain, and may be changed later(暂时,试验性的),Exercise D,7. Since she didnt know anybody in that city, she was rather (hesitant, tentative) when accepting the job offer. Hesitant: uncertain about what to do or say because you are nervous or unwilling 【朗文】 Slow to speak or act because you feel uncertain , embarrassed or unwilling 【牛津】 Tentative: not definite or certain ,because you may want to change your mind; done without confidence; 【朗文】 Not definite or certain ,because you may want to change it later; not behaving or done with confidence(这是tentative的第二个意思) 【牛津】,
