1、Unit 2 Understanding Science 101,In this unit, you will: 1. learn how science matters in daily life; 2. familiarize yourself with the words, expressions, and sentence patterns related to the theme; 3. use these words, expressions, andsentence patterns in your writing and speech; 4. search the Intern
2、et and/or other resources for materials that explain the importance of science; 5. give an oral presentation to the class on the place of science in daily life with the materials collected from the Internet and/or other resources; 6. learn to write a strong thesis statement in an essay.,Learning obj
3、ectives,Part I Approaching the Topic,Part II Understanding the Text,Part III Exploring the Topic,Part IV Doing Integrated Exercises,Part V Writing Strategy,Part I Approaching the Topic,Task 1 Brainstorming,Task 2 Surfing and Reporting,Task 3 Watching and Retelling,Task 4 Vocabulary Preview,1. Brains
4、torm a list with at least 10 words that might be used to discuss science.2. Why is science so important? How does science affect your daily life?,Task 1 Brainstorming,Unit 2 Part I Task 1,1. Work in groups and find information on the Internet about the following terms.A) antibiotics B) Green Revolut
5、ionC) vaccination D) nutritional deficiencies E) the March of Dimes F) The National Weather Service G) solar eclipse H) natural hazardsWeb resources http:/undsci.berkeley.edu/teaching/guide_to_us.php http:/undsci.berkeley.edu/article/socialsideofscience_01 http:/ 2 Surfing and Reporting,Unit 2 Part
6、I Task 2,Answers for reference:,Unit 2 Part I Task 2,Unit 2 Part I Task 2,D) nutritional deficiencies Nutritional Deficiency and Its Symptoms:,Unit 2 Part I Task 2,Unit 2 Part I Task 2,Unit 2 Part I Task 2,Unit 2 Part I Task 2,Unit 2 Part I Task 2,Unit 2 Part I Task 2,Unit 2 Part I Task 2,Unit 2 Par
7、t I Task 2,Unit 2 Part I Task 2,Unit 2 Part I Task 2,2. Make a list of eight scientists who have made lasting contributions to civilization. Fill in the spaces below based on information you find on the Internet.,Unit 2 Part I Task 2,Task 3 Watching and Retelling,1. Watch a video clip “The Foundatio
8、ns of Science”. Fill in the blanks with the information you have heard. Use the glossary below as a reference.,Unit 2 Part I Task 3,Unit 2 Part I Task 3,The chemistry of life is part of our understanding of the elements that make up all forms of matter. The study of 1) began with the medieval alchem
9、ists so their attempt to turn base metals into gold. Later scientists 2) the elements and studied how they could combine or react with one another. 3)of all kinds are caused by the absorption and release of 4) in the forms of heat, light and electricity.,Unit 2 Part I Task 3,elements,classified,Reac
10、tions,energy,_,_,_,_,Unit 2 Part I Task 3,Albert Einstein in 1905 showed the link between energy and the 5) mass of moving objects. His revolutionary mathematical formula changed the way we 6) the world. The discoveries of Einstein and other 20th century scientists have expanded our 7) of both the s
11、uns energy and the power of the atom. Mathematics accurate 8) and the scientific methods have been the foundation of reliable science since the time of 9) Greece in Babylon. Many of the complex relationships studied in 10) today become known to us in the products of technology that are based on scie
12、ntific discoveries. Science generates the knowledge that enables us to create new tools of research.,physical,think about,understanding,measurement,ancient,science,_,_,_,_,_,_,2. Watch the video again and then explain the main points to your partner., ,【Script】,Unit 2 Part I Task 3,Script,Unit 2 Par
13、t I Task 3,Task 4 Vocabulary Preview,Read the words and phrases below, paying attention to the pronunciation. Use the scale below to give yourself a score for each word. After finishing the study of the unit, score yourself again to check your improvement.,Unit 2 Part I Task 4,Glossary for Main Read
14、ing,Unit 2 Part I Task 4,Unit 2 Part I Task 4,Unit 2 Part I Task 4,Glossary for Related Reading,Unit 2 Part I Task 4,Unit 2 Part I Task 4,Unit 2 Part I Task 4,Part II Understanding the Text,Main Reading,Related Reading,Part II Understanding the Text,Main Reading,Text-Related Information,Text Structu
15、re Analysis,Language Points,Translation of the Texts,Tasks,Text-Related Information,1. What is science?,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,2. How does science work?,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,3. What sorts of questions can science investigate?,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,Science can investigate a broad ra
16、nge of questions: When did the oldest rocks on earth form? Through what chemical reactions do fungi get energy from the nutrients they absorb? What causes Jupites red spot? How does smog move through the atmosphere?,.and encodes proteins.,.which is a double helix.,4. How do scientists work: in isola
17、tion or through collaboration?,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,Scientists sometimes work alone and sometimes work together, but communication within the scientific community is always important.,Text Analysis for Main Reading,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,Para. F: Science helps
18、 inform regulatory decision-making and policy.,Para. G: Science gives us information and instructions on how to get the results we want.,Para. H: One example is givento show how science is helping rid the world of polio.,Language Points,1. If you think science does not matter much to you, think agai
19、n.(L1)matter v. to be important, especially to be important to a particular person, or to have an effect on what happens,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,matter to,He had lost many of the people who mattered to him Will what I say matter to him?,e.g.,Main Reading,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,it does not m
20、atter if/that/who/why/what,It does not matter what you wear, as long as you look neat and tidy.Does it matter what I think?It does not matter that the gun was in fact unloaded.Does it matter that the cups and saucers do not match?,e.g.,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,decision to eat a baked potato inste
21、ad of friesShe came to a painful decision to quit the group.,Your digital alarm clock, the weather report, the asphalt you drive on, the bus you ride in, your decision to eat a baked potato instead of fries, your cell phone, the antibiotics that treat your sore throat, the clean water that comes fro
22、m your tap, and the light that you turn off at the end of the day have all been brought to you courtesy of science.(L3),e.g.,2.,decision n. 1)countable a choice or judgment that one makes, usually after a period of discussion or thoughtmake/arrive at/come to/reach a decision on/about/to,Unit 2 Part
23、II Main Reading,2) uncountable the quality someone has that makes him able to make choices or judgments quickly and confidently,She has the ability to act with speed and decision.,e.g.,3. To begin with, without modern science, there would be no(L10),Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,First of all, there wo
24、uld be no if there were no modern science,首先，没有现代科学，将会出现下列情形：,Paraphrase:,【译文】,To begin with (spoken) used to introduce the first point when there is overwhelming evidence. Usually, this point alone is sufficient to make ones case.,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,Well, to begin with, he should not even
25、have been driving my car.,e.g.,4. In the 1940s, biologists began developing high-yield varieties of corn, wheat, and rice, which, when used with new fertilizers and pesticides developed by chemists, dramatically increased the amount of food that could be harvested from a single field, leading to the
26、 Green Revolution. (L17),In the 1940s, resulting from the use of new fertilizers and pesticides improved by chemists, biologists began to introduce different types of grains with increased yields, and this brought about a large increase in agricultural productivity, leading to the Green Revolution.,
27、在20世纪40年代，生物学家开始研发高产玉米、小麦和水稻品种，这些新品种在化学家们新开发的化肥和农药的配合下，大大提高了单位耕地的粮食产量，进而导致了绿色革命。,Paraphrase:,【译文】,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,5. These science-based technologies triggered striking changes in agriculture(L21),Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,These technologies that are based on science caused quick and u
28、nusual changes in agriculture,这些以科学为基础的技术带来了农业的惊人变化，,Paraphrase:,【译文】,Trigger (also trigger off) to make something happen very quickly, especially a series of events 触发，引发,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,The rumor triggered off a wave of disturbance.His action triggered a massive response from the gover
29、nment.This triggers chemical changes in the body, which reacts as if threatened by a foreign substance.,trigger a memory (=make one suddenly remember something),The smell triggers ones memory first.,e.g.,e.g.,6. . the impact of modern medicine on global health has been powerful. (L28)impact on/upon
30、the effect or influence that an event, situation, etc. has on someone or something Assessing the magnitude of these conflicting variables and their impact on management, motivation is clearly problematic.,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,Being part of a group of superb people has a profound impact on eve
31、ry member.,e.g.,7. Society has put that knowledge to good use. (L58),Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,The drive might be put to better use doing data-only backups or for storing large graphics files.The author of this program has put the editor to good use by designing a challenging collection of maze li
32、ke levels.,put something to (good) use to make use of something, such as knowledge or skills, for a particular purpose 好好利用，好好使用,e.g.,8. They may then issue a hurricane warning, which gives citizens time to get to safety and allows community organizers to prepare for evacuations and emergencies. (L6
33、0),Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,Then they (The National Weather Service) may make an official statement to warn the coming of a hurricane so that citizens may have time to get to safety and community organizers may have time to prepare for evacuations and emergencies.,该中心随后可以发布飓风警报，让市民有足够的时间获得安全保障，让社
34、区机构官员们做好疏散和应急准备。,Paraphrase:,【译文】,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,The State Department will issue a statement at noon.Silva issued a statement denying all knowledge of the affair.,issue to make an official statement, give an order, or warning,e.g.,9. . provide advanced warning in case of disaster.(L63),
35、Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,In case of emergency, press the alarm button.In case of fire, leave the building by the nearest exit.It is illegal to park on the hard shoulder except in case of emergency.,in case of something a warning, often an official notice that instructs people what to do in the ev
36、ent of something unexpected or an emergency 假设, 万一,e.g.,10.We can use scientific knowledge to figure out how to accomplish that goal and what its likely consequenceswill be. (L65),【译文】,我们则可以运用科学知识来规划如何实现那个目标以及可能会有怎样的后果。,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,1) figure out (informal) = work out to find the expl
37、anation for something that is difficult to understand, by thinking carefully about it and using available information,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,My husband bought me a knitting machine for Christmas but I still have not figured out how it works.From the evidence gathered from witnesses, we should b
38、e able to work out what happened that night. Do not tell him the answerlet him work it out for himself.,e.g.,2) accomplish to reach a goal successfullyaccomplish the goal/mission/objective/ purpose/task/work,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,Two new agents were added to the team to ensure the long-range m
39、issions are accomplished.Since then, they have struggled to find other ways to accomplish the same goal.,synonym achieve achieve to complete something successfully or get a good result, especially by working hard,She eventually achieved her goal of becoming a professor.,e.g.,e.g.,Translation of the
40、Texts,For Main Reading,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,理解科学入门篇,Task 1 Guessing Meaning from Context,Guess the meaning of the following words and phrases from context. The letter in parentheses refers to the paragraph in which the word can be found. Choose which meaning best fits the word.,Task,Unit 2 Pa
41、rt II Main Reading,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,e,_,b,_,f,_,c,_,a,_,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,c,_,b,_,d,_,e,_,f,_,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,a,_,b,_,d,_,c,_,f,_,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,f,_,d,_,b,_,e,_,a,_,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,e,_,a,_,f,_,c,_,b,_,Task 2 Understanding Main Ideas and Impor
42、tant Details in the Text,Task,1. Answer the following questions 1) Does science matter in daily life?,Yes, science affects everyone, every day of the year, all day and all night long.,_ _,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,2) What would life be like without scientific progress?,Without modern science, ther
43、e would be no electricity, no plastic, no modern agriculture, or modern medicine.,_ _,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,3) How does science shape society? What examples does the author give to prove his point?,Science helps shape society by informing policies that promote health, safety, and environmental
44、 friendliness. Two examples that prove this point are the eradication of polio and the ability to provide advanced warning for natural disasters.,_ _ _ _ _,4) Who decides what problems should be solved by science?,People make their decisions based on their own values, and then use scientific knowled
45、ge to figure out how to accomplish their goals.,_ _ _,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,2. Go over the text again to find examples of the impact modern science has on daily life.,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,Electricity today carries voices over telephone lines, brings entertainment through televisions, an
46、d turns on the lights.,Science-based technologies, such as fertilizers and pesticides, massively increased food production. They simultaneously transformed the economic structure of agriculture.,Unit 2 Part II Main Reading,From the elimination of smallpox, to the prevention of nutritional deficienci
47、es, to successful treatments for once deadly infections, the impact of modern medicine on global health has been powerful. In fact, without science, many people alive today would have instead died of diseases that are now easily treated.,Today, a polio vaccination is a routine requirement for enrolling in public school in the U.S. In 1988, a set of international health organizations launched a global program to get rid of polio through widespread vaccination and the battle continues. As of January 2007, polio had been beaten back to just four countries.,
