1、Unit 5 Viewpoints on Science,In this unit you will: 1. learn about the scientific method, viewpoints on science, and scientific discoveries from reports, speeches and lecturesgiven by professors; 2. familiarize yourself with the words and expressions related to the theme of the unit; 3. learn to use
2、 these words and expressions; 4. learn how to speak English with correct intonation and listenfor numbers in spoken discourse; 5. practice listening with other non-theme-related audio and video materials; 6. use the proper expressions and sentence structures to apply for a visa.,Learning objectives,
3、Part I Theme-Related Activities,Part II Listening and Speaking Strategies,Part III Extensive Listening,Part IV Communication Skills,Part V Assessment Log,Part I Theme-Related Activities,Section I Report About Scientific Discoveries ( Part I ),Section II Report About Scientific Discoveries ( Part II
4、),Section III Interview,1. How do you feel about new scientific discoveries?2. What do you aspire to invent or discover if you were a scientist now?,Lead-in questions:,Unit 5 Part I Section I Lead-in questions,Word Bank,Unit 5 Part I Section I Word Bank,Notes,Unit 5 Part I Section I Notes,Task 1 Wat
5、ch the video clip and then decide whether the following statements are true or false.,Task,Unit 5 Part I Section I Task 1,1. The ancient Greeks were acclaimed as great thinkers and observers because they tested their ideas in a systematic and scientific way. 2. The scientific method is widely used i
6、n daily life, from troubleshooting car problems to major scientific discoveries.,(They did not believe in testing their ideas in an orderly, unbiased way.,F,_,T,_,3. French scientist Louis Pasteur was the first one to apply the scientific method. 4. There was a controversy over where microbes come f
7、rom.5. Pasteur conducted an experiment to prove that microbes are created by a special life force in the air.,(But the video only claims that he conducted an experiment with all the features of scientific method),(He rejected this theory and the purpose of his experiment was done to disprove this id
8、ea.),T,_,F,_,F,_,Unit 5 Part I Section I Task 1,Pasteur believed that. 2. He hypothesized that. 3. He placed the broth in and heated it to .,Task 2 Watch the video clip for a second time and then complete the following sentences.,microbes could be carried by, but not created by the air,_ _,Task,Unit
9、 5 Part I Section I Task 2,a flask of broth would stay sterile as long as no airborne microbes could get in and use the nutrients in the broth to multiply,_ _ _,force out all the air,_,a special swan neck flask,_,4. He observed the cooled broth and found that when he broke off the neck of the flask.
10、 5. Pasteur concluded that.,Unit 5 Part I Section I Task 2,airborne obes could get in and the broth became cloudy as they multiplied,_ _,his experiment proved his hypothesis / he should accept his hypothesis rather than rejecting or modifying it,_ _,Task 3 Watch the video clip again and then work in
11、 pairs to describe the experiment Pasteur performed, based on the video clip and the following pictures. Afterwards, each group will give a brief report to the class.,Task,Unit 5 Part I Section I Task 3,【Script】,Script,Unit 5 Part I Section I Script,Word Bank,Unit 5 Part I Section II Word Bank,Notes
12、,Unit 5 Part I Section II Notes,1. A hypothesis is _.A. an educated guess or predictionB. a discussion after data is collectedC. a conclusion drawn after observations and experimentsD. a scientific method used to prove or disprove ones belief 2. The experiment is intended to test the hypothesis, “ _
13、 ”A. do plants need light to grow? B. plants need light to grow.C. the plants without light dont look healthy.D. without light, the plants will eventually die.,Task 1 Watch the video clip and choose the best answers to the following questions.,Task,Unit 5 Part I Section II Task 1,3. The way to test
14、the accuracy of an experiments results is to_.A. repeat the experimentB. find a basic experimental modelC. keep trying different approaches and collecting dataD. change the variables and repeat the experiment 4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the variables that affect the growth of plant
15、s?A. The presence or absence of light. B. The temperature of the air.C. The type of soil. D. The quality of seed.,Unit 5 Part I Section II Task 1,5. If the data partly support the hypothesis, researchers should_.A. extend the experimental timeB. have a basic experimental modelC. change the hypothesi
16、s and redo the experimentD. give up the old hypothesis and come up with a brand new one,Unit 5 Part I Section II Task 1,Task 2 Watch the video clip and rearrange the sentences in the order that you hear them. Briefly describe each picture to illustrate how the scientific method is applied.,Task,Unit
17、 5 Part I Section II Task 2,a,b,c,d,e,f,Unit 5 Part I Section II Task 2,d First we made some observations and found more plants seem to grow in areas that receive light than in dark places.,c We formulated a hypothesis that plants need light to grow.,e To test our hypothesis, we designed an experime
18、nt to make sure that the plants in two sides of the box grow in the same environment but get different light exposure.,f We observed the growth of the plants and collected data we need.,b We found that the side that received light is more dense with green leaves while the side with little light grew
19、 straight with yellow-brown leaves.,a We drew a conclusion that the experiment partly supported our hypothesis, and we need to modify our hypothesis and experiment again.,1._,2._,3._,4._,5._,6._,Task 3 Apply the scientific method, as learned from the video clip, to an experiment that you would like
20、to perform. After the experiment, explain the whole process to your partner. Pay attention to the sequence of the experiment.,Task,Unit 5 Part I Section II Task 3,【Script】,Example: You may conduct an experiment to prove Archimedes law or Galileos law of free-fall.,Script,Unit 5 Part I Section II Scr
21、ipt,Word Bank,Unit 5 Part I Section III Word Bank,Note,Unit 5 Part I Section III Notes,Before Microsoft came along, there really was no software e along: to appear or arrive For example: A bus should come along any minute now.I will take whatever comes along.I gave up scuba diving when my first chil
22、d came along.,Task 1 Listen to the audio clip and choose the best answers to the questions below.,Task,Unit 5 Part I Section III Task 1,1. Microsoft was founded when the competition among software companies was intense. 2. Microsofts main competitors are not software but hardware companies.,(There r
23、eally was no software industry before Microsoft.),F,_,T,_,3. Books and the PC were hugely popular when they first appeared because of their positive effects. 4. The PC business is a fun business mainly because it is the most profitable.5. Bill Gates is very confident about the future of digital devi
24、ces.,(When they came along, it is hard for people to accept them because they knew little about their positive effects.),(It is a fun business because companies can develop new versions of software based on customer feedback.),F,_,T,_,F,_,Unit 5 Part I Section III Task 1,Task 2 Directions: Listen to
25、 the audio clip again and work out an interview in question-and-answer form. Practice with your partner.,Task,Unit 5 Part I Section III Task 2,For reference:,【Script】,Script,Unit 5 Part I Section III Script,Part II Listening and Speaking Strategies,Section I Pronunciation SkillIntonation,Section II
26、Listening SkillListen for Numbers, Intonation is crucial for communication. Intonation is about how one says things, rather than what he says. Without intonation, it is impossible to understand the expressions and thoughts that go with words. Awareness of intonation aids communication. Incorrect int
27、onation can result in misunderstandings, speakers losing interest or even taking offence! General rules Statements usually have a falling tone at the end. The six question words (who? what? when? where? why? how?) also have a falling tone at the end. Yes/No questions (questions one can answer with “
28、yes” or “no”) usually have a rising tone.,Pronunciation SkillIntonation,Unit 5 Part II Section I,Unit 5 Part II Section I,For example: 1. How did you spend your vacation? (falling tone) 2. I went to Venice with my fianc last summer. (falling tone) 3. Was it your own choice? (rising tone) Yes, indeed
29、. ( falling tone) 4. Are you going to the seashore this spring? (rising tone),Task 1 Read the following sentences with the correct intonation.,Task,Unit 5 Part II Section I Task 1,1. That is the person who robbed the bank! ( falling tone) 2. Do you mean the man with the black pants? ( rising tone) 3
30、. No. The woman with the plastic bag. ( falling tone) 4. Are you saying that we are going to cancel this project? ( rising tone) 5. There are not many visitors this time of year. ( falling tone) 6. Everyone is going swimming. Dont you want to come along? ( rising tone),Unit 5 Part II Section I Task
31、1,7. Do you mean the largest state in area or in population? ( rising tone) 8. He looks happy, does he not? ( falling tone) 9. How awful it is! ( falling tone) 10. Mother has gone to town. ( falling tone),Task 2 Listen to the following tongue-twisters and then repeat.,Task,1. Sixty-six sick chicks 2
32、. The sixth sick sheiks sixth sheeps sick. 3. She sells seashells by the seashore. 4. Do you agree, if you are free, to come to tea with me by the sea? 5. Its Billys kitten sitting in the kitchen. 6. Tims as thin as a pin, but it isnt a sin to be thin. 7. Will you sit still, Bill? Ill sit as still a
33、s a hill. 8. An English fisherman wishes to get a foolish fish for a cold dish. 9. Ann sent Andy ten hens and Andy sent Ann ten pens. 10. Spring is showery, flowery, bowery.Summer is hoppy, croppy, poppy. Autumn is wheezy, sneezy, freezy. Winter is slippy, drippy, nippy.,Unit 5 Part II Section I Tas
34、k 2,Numbers are important in daily life. When going shopping, one needs to calculate prices. In a restaurant one needs to calculate and pay the bill after eating. When booking a concert or a flight, or making an appointment or a date, time is a big issue. In the bank one calculates interest rates an
35、d the balance after withdrawing or depositing money. A good sense of numbers is therefore indispensable to smooth everyday communications.,Listening SkillListen for Numbers,Unit 5 Part II Section II,Rule of Thumb 1Be familiar with cardinal and ordinal numbers in English and know how to count numbers
36、 with multiple digits in English. Rule of Thumb 2Know how to express time, prices, and rates. Rule of Thumb 3Some knowledge of basic arithmetic is desirable.,Unit 5 Part II Section II,Word Bank,Unit 5 Part II Section II Task 1,Notes,Unit 5 Part II Section II Task 1,FHAThe Federal Housing Administrat
37、ion (FHA) is a United States government agency created as part of the National Housing Act of 1934. Insured loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building and home buying. The goals of this organization are: to improve housing standards and conditions; to provide an adequate home fi
38、nancing system through insurance of mortgage loans; and to stabilize the mortgage market.,Task 1 Complete the following passage after the second listening.,Task,Unit 5 Part II Section II Task 1,The FHA does not make loans; rather, it insures mortgages from lenders who would not otherwise offer loans
39、 to those who can make down payments of only 1) percent and who have credit scores of 2) or less. Borrowers pay an FHA insurance premium 3) ways: with an upfront fee that can be included in the total loan amount and amortized over the life of the mortgage, or in a monthly fee.,3.5,_,620,_,two,_,Unit
40、 5 Part II Section II Task 1,Starting this spring, the administration said, the upfront fee jumps to 4) percent of the loan amount from 5) percent, adding about 6) to a 7) loan. Monthly premium charges will essentially be unchanged.Previously, the FHA insured loans made to those with credit scores o
41、f less than 8) , with no penalties. Starting early this summer, the FHA said, anyone with a credit score below 9) must make a down payment of at least 10) percent. (Credit scores are typically measured on a scale of 11) to 12) ;,2.25,_,1.75,_,$1,000,_,$200,000,_,580,_,10,_,300,_,850,_,580,_,Unit 5 P
42、art II Section II Task 1,most non-FHA lenders require larger down payments and offer higher rates if borrowers have credit scores below 13) .) But because lenders have not been offering loans to those with scores of 14) or below, another FHA change will most likely have a bigger impact. The seller c
43、ould previously finance up to 15) percent of the homes closing costs when the borrower used an FHA mortgage. That will drop to16) percent this summer.,700,_,580,_,6,_,3,_,Task 2 Listen to the audio clip and then do the following exercise.,Task,Unit 5 Part II Section II Task 2,1. What happened to Ash
44、ley after a family dinner of lasagna and spinach salad?A. Ashley came down with a bad cold.B. Ashley contracted bird flu.C. Ashleys kidneys failed. D. Ashleys liver failed. 2. What was the consequence of her contracting this disease?A. Ashley will one day need a kidney transplant.B. Ashley can not g
45、o back to school.C. Ashley will be on medication all her life.D. Ashley will be handicapped for life.,Unit 5 Part II Section II Task 2,3. Which statement is TRUE according to this dialogue?A. The Armstrongs did not like salads, fresh vegetables and fresh fruits before, but they like them now.B. Ashley Armstrong was once a healthy, rambunctious boy.C. Ashley Armstrong died from eating the contaminated salad.D. The Armstrongs testified before Congress asking for tougher food safety laws. 4. What is the reporters tone in this interview?A. Sympathetic. B. Neutral.C. Critical. D. Emotional.,
