1、作文备考 词汇超市第一部分: 结构性词汇1. 表因果的beause, so(that), accordingly, as a result, consequently, for this (that) reason, hence, therefore 2. 表转折的but, however, while, yet, although, conversely, despite, in spite of, nevertheless, on the contrary, on the other hand 3. 表比较的by comparison, in contrast, in the same w
2、ay, similarly 4. 表递进的also, besides, even more important, futhermore, in addition, in particular, moreover, whats more 5. 表概括的in brief, in conclusion, in short, in a word, in sum, to sum up, on the whole, to conclude 第二部分：主题性词汇Section 1. 热门话题表达: Hot topics ahd vocabulary 带薪假期 paid holiday 假日经济 holida
3、y economy 恶性通货膨胀 hyperinflation恶心循环 vicious circle 股市行情 the ups and downs of the stock market青少年犯罪 the teenagers crime/ juvenile delinquency(行为不良，错失)归国留学生 returned students环境问题 environmental problems 大学毕业生失业 unemployment among college graduates 终身学习 lifelong education 人才 talent / talents/ talented p
4、ersonnel/ talented people 合格人才 qualified personnel 缺乏人才 lack of talent 激烈竞争 cut-throat comprtition 竞争意识 consciousness of competition核心竞争力 competitive force at the core计算机犯罪 the crime through computers 代沟 generation gap盗版 the problem of piracy ;pirate books/ DVDs/CDs腐败 corruption考试作弊 cheating on exam
5、inations 人才流失 drain drain待业 job-waiting 保护文化遗产 to preserve cultural relics保护历史遗产 to preserve historic heritage历史遗迹 historical remains自然景观 natural landscape欣赏自然美景 to appreciate the natural beauty 电脑盲 computer illiterate 人口负增长 negative population growth(NPG)第三产业 tertiary industry service sector 第三代移动手
6、机（3G 手机）third generation mobile; 3Gmobile 奔小康 stive for a relatively comfortable life 笨鸟先飞 a slow sparrow should make an early atart脚踏实地 be down to earth比上不足比下有余 worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst 边缘科学 boundary science 便携式电脑 portable co
7、mputer; laptop; notebook computer不正之风 bad (harmful)pratice; unhealthy tendency长江三角洲 Yangtze River delta超前消费 over-consuming, excessive comsumption朝阳产业 sunrise industry炒作 speculation 磁悬浮列车 Maglev(magnetically levitated train)从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy促进全球经济一体化 foste
8、r integration with the global economy 大学生创业 university students innovative undertaking大腕 top notch 大开眼界 open ones eyes;broaden ones horizon; be an eye opener大款 tycoon弹性工资 flexible pay 倒计时 countdown 地球村 global village地区差异 regional disparity电话会议 teleconference电脑犯罪 computer crime发展不平衡 disparate develop
9、ment地区差异 regional disparity 缩小地区差异 to narrow regional disparity 敬业精神 professional dedication; professional ethics发展是硬道理 develpoment is of overriding importance; develpoment is the absolute need反败为胜 bring about a complete turnabout, pull out of the fire好出风头的运动员 exhibitionist grandstander好莱坞大片 Hollywo
10、od blockbuster好事不出门，恶事传千里 Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide. 合理引导消费 guide rational consumption黄金时段 prime time 灰色收入 income from moonlighting拒载 refuse to take passengers考研 take part in the entrance exams for postgraduate schools考研热 the craze for graduate school跨越
11、式发展 great-leap-forward development拉动经济增长 fuel economic growth空头支票 Accommodation note, lip service两个文明一起抓 Place equal emphasis on material and ethical progress两手抓两手都要硬 We must address ourselves to the problem of both material and spiritual civilization (material as well as culture and ideological pro
12、gress)年夜饭 Family reunion dinner企业文化 Corporate culture泡沫经济 Bubble economy 强化班 Intensive training program/class票贩子 Scalper, ticket tout票房 Box office期房 Forward delivery housing情感消费 Emotional consumption情有独钟 Show special preference (favor)to全天候服务 Round-the-clock service上有天堂，下有苏杭 Just as there is paradis
13、e in heaven, there are Suzhou and Hangzhou on earth涉外经济 Foreign-related business实践是检验真理的唯一标准 Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth实体经济 The real economy树立企业良好形象 Foster a good and healthy company image水货 Smuggled goods收购兼并 M television viewing首期按揭 Down-payment铁饭碗 Iron rice bowl偷渡者 Stowaway偷
14、税、骗税、逃税、抗税 Tax evasion, tax fraud, and refusal to pay taxes偷税漏税 Tax evasion跳槽 Job-hopping跳槽者 Job-hopper外卖 Take-out外卖店 Take-out restaurant无形资产 Intangible assets武侠小说 Tales of roving knights; martial arts novel;kung fu novel网吧 Internet bar网恋 Online love affairs网络经济 Cybereconomy网络空间 Cyberspace网民 Netizen
15、; net citizen; cyber citizen/internet surfer网上冲浪 Surf the internet网上购物 Shopping online网上交易平台 Online trading platform宽带网 Broadband networks宽带接入 Broadband access网友 Net friend西部大开发 Development of the West Regions of China西气东输 Transport the natural gas from the West to the East信息化 Information-based; inf
16、ormationization抓住机遇 Seize the opportunity按揭贷款 Mortgage loan按揭购房 To buy a house on mortgage; to mortgage a house安乐死 Euthanasia发烧友 Fancier; zealot; enthusiastic fan灰色收入 Gray incomeSection 2. 环保主题: Environmental protection 不可再生资源 non-renewable resources美化环境 landscaping design for environmental purposes
17、环境恶化 environmental degradation坚持环境保护基本国策 adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection推行可持续发展战略 pursue the strategy of sustainable development促进经济体制和经济增长方式的转变 promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统一 bring about harmony of econom
18、ic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection预防为主、防治结合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control对水质和空气质量的影响 impact on the quality of the water and the air治理环境污染 curb environmental pollution; bring the pollution under control白色污染 white po
19、llution (by using and littering of non-degradable white plastics)水土保持 conservation of water and soil生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture; eco-agriculture森林覆盖率 forest coverage降低资源消耗率 slow down the rate of resource degradation开发可再生资源 develop renewable resources环保产品 environment-friendly products自然保护区
20、nature reserve自然生态系统 natural ecosystemsSection 3. 社会问题 Social issues (民生，就业，教育，道德)城镇居民最低生活保障 guarantee of subsistence allowances for urban residents安居工程 housing project for low-income families创新精神 be innovationminded; to have a creative mind待业人员 job seekers待遇优厚的工作 a well-paid job单亲家庭 single parent f
21、amily定向培训 training for specific posts独生子女 the only child反对迷信 be against superstition高度重视精神文明建设 pay close attention to cultural and ethical progress关系国计民生的大事 matters vital to national well-being and the peoples livelihood关心和支持残疾人事业 Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our c
22、are and support关心老龄人 care for senior citizens贵族学校 exclusive school (美); select school（英）过紧日子 tighten ones belt过温饱生活 live a life at a subsistent level合理调整就业结构 to rationally readjust the employment structure后勤服务社会化 make logistic services independent in their operation积极发展民办教育 Efforts should be made to
23、 develop schools not operated by government education departments.基本养老金 basic pensions坚持正确的舆论导向 maintain the correct orientation for public opinion建设一个富强、民主、文明的国家 build a prosperous, strong, democratic and culturally advanced country岗位培训 on-job training 扩大就业和再就业 to expand employment and reemployment
24、面临困境 face adverse conditions人口出生率 birth rate人口老龄化 aging of population人口增长的高峰期 baby boom人口增长与社会经济发展相协调 try to keep population growth in line with social and economic development人民生活水平 quality of life; the living standards弱势群体 disadvantaged groups社会保障 social security社会保障“三条保障线”制度 social security syste
25、m of “three guarantees”社会福利制度 the social welfare system社会公德 social morality失业保险 guarantee of unemployment insurance benefits失业保险 unemployment insurance失业保险制度 the unemployment insurance system失业率 rate of unemployment实现小康目标 attain the goal of ensuring our people a relatively comfortable life实行计划生育、控制人
26、口数量、提高人口素质 promote family planning and control the population size and improve the health of the people树立正确的价值观、世界观、人生观 help foster in the young the morally sound values and outlook on the world and life提高劳动者素质 to enhance workers quality推进素质教育 push ahead with education for all-around development推进职业
27、资格证书制度 to introduce a vocational qualification credentials system退休基金 pension fund脱贫 lift off poverty; cast off poverty完善和落实再就业优惠政策 to improve and implement preferential reemployment完善失业保险制度 to improve the unemployment insurance system文明城市 model city; culturally advanced city; city cited for high mo
28、ral and cultural standards物业管理 estate management, property management消费价格总水平 the general price level小家庭 nuclear family 行行出状元 Every profession produces its own leading authority.研究生毕业证/学位证 graduate diploma/graduate degrees diploma养老保险 retirement insurance养老保险制度 the old-age insurance system医疗保险 medica
29、l insurance医疗保险制度 the medical insurance system应试教育 examination-oriented education system优抚安置制度 the special care and placement system优化就业结构 to optimize employment structure有公德心 be civic-minded舆论导向 direction of public opinion 舆论监督 supervision by public opinion预期寿命 life expectancy生活费用 cost of living; i
30、ncome maintenance; subsistence cost失学儿童 dropouts实施积极促进就业的政策 to implement the policy of vigorously increasing employment重视发展具有比较优势和市场潜力的劳动密集型企业 to stress the development of labor-intensive enterprises with comparativeadvantages and market potential最低生活保障制度 the minimum living standard security system摆
31、脱贫困 shake off poverty; lift oneself from poverty基础设施 infrastructure constructionSection 4. 经济类主题 Economic vocabulary保护生态环境 preserve the ecological environment宏观经济 macro economy扩大内需 expand domestic demand改善居民心理预期 inspire the general publics confidence in the future needs鼓励增加即期消费 encourage more immedi
32、ate consumption分期付款 pay by installment生活费用 income available for living expenses居民储蓄存款 residents bank savings deposit恩格尔系数（食品开支占总支出的比例）Engel coefficient片面追求发展速度 excessive pursuit of growth泡沫经济 bubble economy 经济过热 overheating of economy通货膨胀 inflation实体经济 the real economy经济规律 laws of economics市场调节 mark
33、et regulation优化资源配置 optimize allocation of resources规模经营优势 advantage of economies of scale劳动密集型 labor intensive市场风险 market risk 不景气 slump （衰退 recession）适销对路的产品 the right products/ readily marketable products国有企业 state-owned enterprises(SOEs)集体企业 collectively-owned (partnership) enterprises私营企业 priva
34、te businesses民营企业 privately-run businesses中小企业 small-and-medium-sized enterprises与世界经济的联系将更加紧密 be more closely linked to the world economy中国巨大的市场潜力将逐步转化为现实的购买力 The huge market potential that China enjoys will be turned into tangible purchasing power.适应市场经济需要的法律法规体系还不够健全 The regulatory and legal syst
35、em is not well established as to adapt to the demand of market economy.保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy立足中国国情，发挥自身优势 proceed from national conditions in China and bring our advantages into play扬长避短，趋利避害，迎接经济全球化的挑战 foster strengths and circumvent weaknesses and
36、 rise to the challenge of economic globalization深化改革 intensify reform; deepen ones commitment to reform提高经济效益 improve economic performance; increase economic returns讲求社会效益 value contribution to society; pay attention to social effect加速国民经济信息化 develop information-based economy accelerate IT application in
