1、Test 1LISTENING SECTION 1 Questions 1-10 Questions 1-6 Complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. Dreamtime travel agency Tour information Example Answer Holiday name Whale WatchExperience Holiday length 2 days Type of transportation 1 Maximum group size
2、2 Next tour date 3 Hotel name 4 The Questions 5 and 6 Choose TWO letters A-E. Which TWO things are included in the price of the tour? A fishing trip B guided bush walk C reptile park entry D table tennis E tennis Questions 7-10 Complete the sentences below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NU
3、MBER for each answer, 7 The tour costs $ . 8 Bookings must be made no later than days in advance. 9 A . deposit is required. 10 The customers reference number is . Test 1 S E C TIO N 2 Questions 11-20 Questions 11-19 Complete the table below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. Brand of
4、Col Good Points Problems Verdict Baby Safe Easy to 11. Did not have any 12 Babies could trap their 13 in the side bar 14 . Choice Cots Easy to 15 Side did not drop down Spaces between the bars were 16 17. Mothers Choice Base of cot could be moved Did not have any 18 Pictures could be removed easily
5、19 Question 20 Complete the notes below. Write ONE WORD ONLY for the answer. Metal should not be rusted or bent Edges of cot should not be 20 12 Listening SECTION 3 Questions 21-30 Questions 21-23 Choose the correct letter. A. B or C. 21 Andrew has worked at the hospital for A two years. B three yea
6、rs. C five years. 22 During the course Andrews employers will pay A his fees. B his living costs. C his salary. 23 The part-time course lasts for A one whole year. B 18 months. C two years. Questions 24 and 25 Choose TWO letters A-E. What TWO types of coursework are required each month on the part-t
7、ime course? A a case stud B an e ssay C a survey D a short report E a study diary 13 Test I Questions 26-30 Complete the summary below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer. Modular Coursee Students study 26 . during each module. A module takes 27 . and the work is very 28
8、To get a Diploma each student has to study 29 and then work on 30 . in depth. Listening S ECTIO N 4 Questions 31-40 Questions 31-35 Complete the sentences below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer. 31 According to George Bernard Shaw, men arc supposed to understand . economics and financ
9、e. 32 However, women are more prepared to about them. 33 Women tend to save for and a house. 34 Men tend to save for and for retirement. 35 Women who are left alone may have to pay for when they are old. Questions 36-40 Complete the summary below. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER for e
10、ach answer. Saving for the future Research indicates that many women only think about their financial future when a 36 . occurs.This is the worst time to make decisions It is best for women to stare thinking about pensions when they are in their 37 .A good way for women to develop their 38 . in deal
11、ing with financial affairs would be to attend classes in 39 . When investing in stocks and shares, it is suggested that women should put a high proportion of their savings in 40 . In such ways, women can have a comfortable, independent retirement. Test 1 READING READING PASSAGE 1 You should spend ab
12、out 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage I below. Johnsons Dictionary fFor the century before Johnsons Dictionary was published in 1775. there had been concern about the state of the English language.There was no standard way of speaking or writing and no agreement as to
13、the best way of bringing some order to the chaos of English spelling. Dr Johnson provided the solution. There had, of course, been dictionaries in the past, the first of these being a little book of some 120 pages, compiled by a certain Robert Cawdray. published in 1604 under the title A Table Alpha
14、betical! of hard usuall English wordes. Like the various dictionaries that came after it during the seventeenth century, Cawdrays tended to concentrate on scholarly words; one function of the dictionary was to enable its student to convey an impression of fine learning. Beyond the practical need to
15、make order out of chaos, the rise of dictionaries is associated with the rise of the English middle class, who were anxious to define and circumscribe the various worlds to conquer - lexical as well as social and commercial. It is highly appropriate that Dr Samuel Johnson, the very model of an eight
16、eenth-century literary man. as famous in his own time as in ours, should have published his Dictionary at the very beginning of the heyday of the middle class. Johnson was a poet and critic who raised common sense to the heights of genius. His approach to the problems that had worried writers throug
17、hout the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries was intensely practical. Up until his time, the task of producing a dictionary on such a large scale had seemed impossible without the establishment of an academy to make decisions about right and wrong usage Johnson decided he did not need an
18、 academy to settle arguments about language; he would write a dictionary himself; and he would do it single-handed. Johnson signed the contract for the Dictionary with the bookseller Robert Dosley at a breakfast held at the Golden Anchor Inn near Holborn Bar on 18 June 1764. He was to be paid 1.575
19、in instalments, and from this he took money to rent 17 Gough Square, in which he set up his dictionary workshop. James Boswell. his biographer described the garret where Johnson worked as fitted up like a counting house with a long desk running down the middle at which the copying clerks would work
20、standing up. 16 Reading Johnson himself was stationed on a rickety chair at an old crazy deal table surrounded by a chaos of borrowed books. He was also helped by six assistants, two of whom died whilst the Dictionary was still in preparation. The work was immense; filling about eighty large noteboo
21、ks (and without a library to hand). Johnson wrote the definitions of over 40,000 words, and illustrated their many meanings with some I 14.000 quotations drawn from English writing on every subject, from the Elizabethans to his own time. He did not expect to achieve complete originality, Working to
22、a deadline. he had to draw on the best of all previous dictionaries, and to make his work one of heroic synthesis, In fact it was very much more. Unlike his predecessors, Johnson treated English very practically, as a living language, with many different shades of meaning. He adopted his definitions
23、 on the principle of English common law -according to precedent After its publication, his Dictionary was not seriously rivalled for over a century. After many vicissitudes the Dictionary was finally published on 15 April 1775. It was instantly recognised as a landmark throughout Europe. This very n
24、oble work. wrote the leading Italian lexicographer will be a perpetual monument of Fame to the Author an Honour to his own Country in particular, and a general Benefit to the republic of Letters throughout Europe. The fact that Johnson had taken on the Academies of Europe and matched them (everyone
25、knew that forty French academics had taken forty years to produce the first French national dictionary) was cause for much English celebration. Johnson had worked for nine years with little assistance of the learned, and without any patronage of the great not in the soft obscurities of retirement, o
26、r under the shelter of academic bowers, but amidst inconvenience and distraction, in sickness and in sorrow. For all its faults and eccentricities his two-volume work is a masterpiece and a landmark, in his own words, setting the orthography displaying the analogy, regulating the structures, and asc
27、ertaining the significations of English words. It is the cornerstone of Standard English, an achievement which, in James Boswells words,conferred stability on the language of his country. The Dictionary, together with his other writing, made Johnson famous and so well esteemed that his friends were
28、able to prevail upon King George III to offer him a pension. From then on, he was to become the Johnson of folklore. 17 Test I Questions 1-3 Choose THREE letters A-H. Write your answers in boxes 1 3 on your answer sheet. NB Your answers may be given in any order. Which THREE of the following stateme
29、nts are true of Johnsons Dictionary! A It avoided all scholarly words. B It was the only English dictionary in general use for 200 years. C It was famous because of the large number of people involved. D It focused mainly on language from contemporary texts. E There was a time limit for its completi
30、on. F It ignored work done by previous dictionary writers. G It look into account subtleties of meaning. H Its definitions were famous for their originality. Questions 4-7 Complete the summary. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer. Write your answers in boxes 4-7 on your an
31、swer sheet. In 1764 Dr Johnson accepted the contract to produce a dictionary. Having rented a garret, he took on a number of 4 , who stood at a long central desk. Johnson did not have a 5 available to him, but eventually produced definitions of in excess of 40,000 words written down in 80 large note
32、books. On publication, the Dictionary was immediately hailed in many European countries as a landmark. According to his biographer, James Boswell, Johnsons principal achievement was to bring 6 . to the English language. As a reward for his hard work, he was granted a 7 by the king. 18 Questions 8-13
33、 Do (he following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? In boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet, write TRUE if the statement agrees with the information FALSE if the statement contradicts the information NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this 8 The growing importance of
34、the middle classes led to an increased demand for dictionaries. 9 Johnson has become more well known since his death. 10 Johnson had been planning to write a dictionary for several years. 11 Johnson set up an academy to help with the writing of his Dictionary. 12 Johnson only received payment for hi
35、s Dictionary on its completion. 13 Not all of the assistants survived to see the publication of the Dictionary. Test 1 READING PASSAGE 2 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below. Nature or Nurture? A A few years ago. in one of the most fascinat
36、ing and disturbing experiments in behavioural psychology, Stanley Milgram of Yale University tested 40 subjects from all walks of life for their willingness to obey instructions given by a leader in a situation in which the subjects might feel a personal distaste for the actions they were called upo
37、n to perform. Specifically, Milgram told each volunteer teacher-subject that the experiment was in the noble cause of education, and was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils ability to learn. B Milgrams experimental set-up inv
38、olved placing the teacher-subject before a panel of thirty switches with labels ranging from 15 volts of electricity (slight shock) to 450 volts (danger - severe shock) in steps of 15 volts each. The teacher-subject was told that whenever the pupil gave the wrong answer to a question, a shock was to
39、 be administered, beginning at the lowest level and increasing in severity with each successive wrong answer. The supposed pupil was in reality an actor hired by Milgram to simulate receiving the shocks by emitting a spectrum of groans, screams and writhings together with an assortment of statements
40、 and expletives denouncing both the experiment and the experimenter. Milgram told the teacher-subject to ignore the reactions of the pupil, and to administer whatever level of shock was called for. as per the rule governing the experimental situation of the moment. C As the experiment unfolded, the
41、pupil would deliberately give the wrong answers to questions posed by the teacher, thereby bringing on various electrical punishments, even up to the danger level of 300 volts and beyond. Many of the teacher-subjects balked at administering the higher levels of punishment, and turned to Milgram with
42、 questioning looks and/or complaints about continuing the experiment. In these situations. Milgram calmly explained that the teacher-subject was to ignore the pupils cries for mercy and carry on with the experiment. If the subject was still reluctant to proceed, Milgram said that it was important fo
43、r the sake of the experiment that the procedure be followed through to the end His final argument was, You have no other choice. You must go on.“ What Milgram was trying to discover was the number of teacher-subjects who would be willing to administer the highest levels of shock, even in the face of
44、 strong personal and moral revulsion against the rules and conditions of the experiment. D Prior to carrying out the experiment, Milgram explained his idea to a group of 39 psychiatrists and asked them to predict the average percentage of people in an ordinary population who would be willing to admi
45、nister the highest shock level of 450 volts. The overwhelming consensus was that virtually all the teacher-subjects would refuse to obey the experimenter. The psychiatrists felt that most subjects would not go beyond 150 volts and they further anticipated that only four per cent would go up to 300 v
46、olts. Reading Furthermore, they thought that only a lunatic fringe of about one in 1.000 would give the highest shock of 450 volts. E What were the actual results? Well, over 60 per cent of the teacher-subjects continued to obey Milgram up to the 450-volt limit! In repetitions of the experiment in o
47、ther countries, the percentage of obedient teacher-subjects was even higher, reaching 85 per cent in one country. How can we possibly account for this vast discrepancy between what calm, rational, knowledgeable people predict in the comfort of their study and what pressured. flustered, but cooperati
48、ve teachers actually do in the laboratory of real life? F Ones first inclination might be to argue that there must be some sort of built-in animal aggression instinct that was activated by the experiment, and that Milgrams teacher-subjects were just following a genetic need to discharge this pent-up
49、 primal urge onto the pupil by administering the electrical shock. A modern hard-core sociobiologist might even go so far as to claim that this aggressive instinct evolved as an advantageous trait, having been of survival value to our ancestors in their struggle against the hardships of life on the plains and in the caves, ultimately finding its way into our genetic make-up as a remnant of our ancient animal ways. G An alternative to this notion of genetic programming is to see the teache
