1、IELTS READING,Summary completion 摘要填空 Sentence completion 单句填空,Summary completion题型介绍,题目是原文的概括 有备选项（出现次数少） 范围广，涉及原文多数段落，不易寻找 选项常常有改写 词性改变 语态改变 同义词 需归纳总结 无备选项（出现次数多） 范围小，一般涉及原文23段 填空内容多数为原文原词，少数有词性和语态改变,有备选项,无备选项,解题步骤,看题目要求 先看填空字数限制（仅对无备选项者） 划出题目中的关键词和关系词 空格前后的关键词（提示重要内容的字眼） 关系词（表示逻辑关系的字眼），如: 表因果的bec
2、ause,表并列的and,表转折的however,表比较的than等 据关键词在原文中查找 发现语言重现，精读，找出答案,技巧和注意事项,定位summary的起始位置很重要 Summary completion的出题段落，一般不再设其他题目 注意特殊关键词（名称、时间、数字、专业词） 注意关键词和空格的关系，如：同义、并列 注意语法正确,例题1.,Answer: 1. sustainable 2. biodegradable 3. virgin fibre 4. governments 5. advances 6. quality 7. contaminants,Question 1-7 Co
3、mpletion the summary below of the first two paragraphs of the Reading Passage. Choose ONE OR TWO WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer.,SummaryFrom the point of view of recycling, paper has two advantages over minerals and oil in that firstly it comes from a resource which is 1and secondly
4、it is less threatening to our environment when we throw it away because it is 2Although Australias record in the re-use of waste paper is good, it is still necessary to use a combination of recycled fibre and 3 to make new paper. The paper industry has contributed positively and people have also bee
5、n encouraged by 4 to collect their waste on a regular basis. One major difficulty is the removal of ink from used paper but 5 are being made in this area. However, we need to learn to accept paper which is generally of a lower 6 than before and to sort our waste paper by removing 7 before discarding
6、 it for collection.,A Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is di
7、scarded. While 45 out of every 100 tones of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards this is a god performance since the world-wide average is 33 percent waste paper. Governments have
8、 encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre. As a result, industrys use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice th
9、e rate of virgin fibre over the coming year.,B Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the commun
10、ity must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example stationery may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to be support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collecto
11、rs but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous items.,练习1 有备选项,Answer: 33 pairs, 34 shapes, 35 sighted, 36 sighted 37 deep, 38 blind, 39 similar,练习2 无备选项,Answer:,1,2?,2,3,4,单句填空题,题目都是一个陈述句，在句尾有1个空格(个别
12、的有多个空格) 从形式上来看，sentence completion其实就是“迷你”的summary，是分解断裂开的summary sentence completion前后两题内容上是独立的，但也多是顺序性的 有字数限制的，必须满足要求。少部分的题目要求中没有字数限制，这时，请注意，答案字数也不会很长，一般不会超过四个字。 考试中，a 类一般是每次必考，考一组，共三题左右。g 类一般是两次考一次，考一组，共三题左右。,解题步骤,找出题目中的关键词 定位到原文中的一个段落 扫读，根据关键词找答案，过程同summary completion,注意事项,所填答案必须符合语法。 绝大部分的答案来自原文原词。 答案字数不会很长 即使题目要求中没有字数限制，答案字数也不会很长，一般不会超过四个字。如果发现找到的答案字数很多，应首先怀疑自己找错答案的位置。 答案绝大部分是名词短语。 所填答案绝大部分是名词短语，对应原文相应句子的宾语。也有少数题目的答案是形容词短语或副词短语。 要特别注意顺序性。,顺序性提示的小技巧,由于这种题型定位比较难，所以要特别注意顺序性的运用。一道题若找了很长时间、很多段落也没有找到答案，可能是因为题目中的关键词和原文中的相应词对应不明显，答案位置已经过去。可以先做下一道题。,练习,35,34,38,37,36,40,39,
