1、高考英语语法填空答题技巧语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考察语法知识的运用能力，我们在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以先进行填写。在读懂短文的基础上，再结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析，逐题解答。下面按题型设计分三种情况：一、纯空格试题的解题技巧 纯空格填空题主要是填冠词、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词。首先，分析句子结构，根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。共有以下 7 个技巧：技巧 1：在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词。例 1：I cant send a messa
2、ge to Kenya whenever I want to, and _1_ gets there almost in a second.技巧 2：名词前面，若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词等），很可能是填限定词。例 2：It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help_2_ rice crop grow up quickly.技巧 3：名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面，一定是填介词。例 3：who should have the honour
3、of receiving me _3_ a guest in their house.技巧 4: 若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。例 4：two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso 4 Cabdido Poitinari, which are worth millions of dollars.技巧 5：若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句）。例 5：The greatest magician of all time was Harry
4、Houdini _5 _died in 1926.例 6：He was very tired after doing thus foe a whole day, _6_he felt very happy.技巧 6: 由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。(1) 由 it is that 强调结构的形式，判断 it 还是 that。判断方法：去掉 it is that结构，句子还是一个完整的句子就是强调句型。(2) 由 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格是否填 it.例 7：and _7_ was only after I heard she become sick that I lear
5、ned she couldnt eat MSG (味精).例 8： as _8_ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two words-famous artists例 9：Dating sites also makes_9_ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.(3) 在倒装句式中通常填 only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, notuntil等词。例 10：_10_ with hard work can
6、 you expect to get pay rise.(4) so / such that句型例 11：This made the goat so jealous _11_ it began plotting against the donkey.(5) more than(与其说不如说，比 更)句型。例 12：Cynthias story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares _12_ how much he pays.二、给出了动词的试题解题技巧首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按
7、照以下两点进行思考。技巧 7：若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。例 13：When I die, I 13 (give) everything to you.例 14：That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, 14_(close) my book and walked away.例 15：In Loganm three people _15_(take) to a hospita
8、l, while others were treated at a local clinic.例 16：Being too anxious to help an event develop often 16 (result) the contrary to our intention.例 17：Now, Valentines Day is 17 (celebrate) in many countries around the world.技巧 8: 若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定是 v-ing 形式，-ed 形式，还是不定式，确定的方法主要
9、有：(1) 作主语或宾语，通常用 v-ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体情况。例 18：but it is not enough only _18_(memorize) rules from a grammar book.例 19： 19 _(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary(2) 作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。例 20：_20_(complete) the project as planed, well have to work two more ho
10、urs a day.(3) 作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词（v-ing）;若是被动关系，用过去分词（-ed）。例 21：He saw the stone, _21_(say) to himself: “the night will be very dark.”例 22：The headmaster went into the lab, _22_(follow) by the foreign guests.技巧 9: 动词的词类转换主要做主语、宾语和定语。例 23：There are 23 (comfort) feelings often as any kind of
11、 physical pain.例 24：They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building 24 (equip) to dig holes例 25：These people have made great _ 25 (contribute) to China with their work.三、词类转换题的解题技巧这类题主要是考查名词、形容词和副词，根据该词在句中所作句子成分确定用那种形式，具体技巧有以下三种。技巧 10: 作表语（在系动词之后）、定语（修饰名词）或宾补（表性质状态），通常用形容词形式。例 26：The youngste
12、r immediately fell _26_(silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.例 27：Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _27_(interest) in the subject.技巧 11: 修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。例 28：As I looked _28 (close) at this girl, I found that例 29： 29 (fortune),the guest escaped unh
13、armed.技巧 12: 有的词义转换题，词类或词性不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需要句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加 un-, im-, in-等，在词根后加-less 等。例 30： People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _30_(use).例 31：Your mistake caused a lot of _31_(necessary) work in the off
14、ice.技巧 13: 括号中所给词若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。例 32：The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could he jumped even _32_(hard) and nearly made himself out.例 33：The _33_(bad) damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80 miles apart, police said.例 34：, but he felt very happy sin
15、ce the crop did “grow” 34 (high)以上仅对语法填空中的主要情况进行了概括，在做语法填空题时，还应注意英语中的固定句型、固定搭配等。语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考察语法知识的运用能力，我们在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大意，有把握的空格可以先进行填写。在读懂短文的基础上，再结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句分析，逐题解答。下面按题型设计分三种情况：一、纯空格试题的解题技巧 纯空格填空题主要是填冠词、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词。首先，分析句子结构，根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连
16、词。共有以下 7 个技巧：技巧 1：在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词。例 1：I cant send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and _1_ gets there almost in a second.技巧 2：名词前面，若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词等），很可能是填限定词。例 2：It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help_2_ rice crop grow up quickly.技巧
17、 3：名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面，一定是填介词。例 3：who should have the honour of receiving me _3_ a guest in their house.技巧 4: 若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。例 4：two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso 4 Cabdido Poitinari, which are worth millions of dollars.技巧 5：若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词
18、（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句）。例 5：The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini _5 _died in 1926.例 6：He was very tired after doing thus foe a whole day, _6_he felt very happy.技巧 6: 由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。(1) 由 it is that 强调结构的形式，判断 it 还是 that。判断方法：去掉 it is that结构，句子还是一个完整的句子就是强调句型。(2) 由 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格是
19、否填 it.例 7：and _7_ was only after I heard she become sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG (味精).例 8： as _8_ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two words-famous artists例 9：Dating sites also makes_9_ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.(3) 在倒装句式中通常填 only, so, neither,
20、 nor, never, hardly, seldom, notuntil等词。例 10：_10_ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.(4) so / such that句型例 11：This made the goat so jealous _11_ it began plotting against the donkey.(5) more than(与其说不如说，比 更)句型。例 12：Cynthias story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager
21、cares _12_ how much he pays.二、给出了动词的试题解题技巧首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按照以下两点进行思考。技巧 7：若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。例 13：When I die, I 13 (give) everything to you.例 14：That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, 14_(close) my book
22、 and walked away.例 15：In Loganm three people _15_(take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic.例 16：Being too anxious to help an event develop often 16 (result) the contrary to our intention.例 17：Now, Valentines Day is 17 (celebrate) in many countries around the world.技巧 8: 若句中已有
23、谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定是 v-ing 形式，-ed 形式，还是不定式，确定的方法主要有：(1) 作主语或宾语，通常用 v-ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体情况。例 18：but it is not enough only _18_(memorize) rules from a grammar book.例 19： 19 _(speak) out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed, on the contrary(2) 作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。例 20
24、：_20_(complete) the project as planed, well have to work two more hours a day.(3) 作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词（v-ing）;若是被动关系，用过去分词（-ed）。例 21：He saw the stone, _21_(say) to himself: “the night will be very dark.”例 22：The headmaster went into the lab, _22_(follow) by the foreign guests.技巧 9: 动词的词类转换主
25、要做主语、宾语和定语。例 23：There are 23 (comfort) feelings often as any kind of physical pain.例 24：They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building 24 (equip) to dig holes例 25：These people have made great _ 25 (contribute) to China with their work.三、词类转换题的解题技巧这类题主要是考查名词、形容词和副词，根据该词在句中所作句子成分确定用那种形式，具体技巧有以
26、下三种。技巧 10: 作表语（在系动词之后）、定语（修饰名词）或宾补（表性质状态），通常用形容词形式。例 26：The youngster immediately fell _26_(silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.例 27：Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _27_(interest) in the subject.技巧 11: 修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。例 28：As I looked _28 (close
27、) at this girl, I found that例 29： 29 (fortune),the guest escaped unharmed.技巧 12: 有的词义转换题，词类或词性不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需要句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加 un-, im-, in-等，在词根后加-less 等。例 30： People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is _30_(us
28、e).例 31：Your mistake caused a lot of _31_(necessary) work in the office.技巧 13: 括号中所给词若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。例 32：The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could he jumped even _32_(hard) and nearly made himself out.例 33：The _33_(bad) damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis, which are about 80 miles apart, police said.例 34：, but he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” 34 (high)以上仅对语法填空中的主要情况进行了概括，在做语法填空题时，还应注意英语中的固定句型、固定搭配等。
