1、高考英语语法填空题 命题分析和解题技巧 富源二中 唐老五 2017.12,似曾相识： 1. 【2015课标全国61改编】It was raining lightly when I _(arrive) In Yangshuo just before dawn(黎明). 2. 【2015安徽24改编】Just as I got to the school gate ,I realized I _ (leave) my book in the restaurant. 3. 【2014山东4改编】Susan made _clear to me that she wished to make a new
2、 life for herself.,arrived,had left,it,4. 【2014江西22改编】Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with _(patient). 5. 【2013天津3改编】I think watching Tv every evening is a waste of timethere are _(meaningful) things to do. 6. 【2014北京23改编】Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport lea
3、ves _ half an hour.,patience,more meaningful,in,7. 【2014天津8改编】After the event(活动） the _(piano) were donated to local school and community groups. 8. 【2015重庆14改编】He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of _wered published in the 1990s. 9. 【2014安徽22改编】The exact year _Kate and her family spent toget
4、her in China was in 2008.,pianos,which,which/that,考纲解读,2014年2月份国家考试中心公布的考试说明宣布从2014年开始,课标高考全国卷也将以语法填空题替代使用了几十年之久的单项选择题。这种命题形式将过去以句子为核心的语法单项选择变成以语篇为核心的语法填空。这一改变体现了新课改将英语重点由语法知识到语法技能的转变，以及当今高考英语改革的趋势：突出语篇，强调语篇在英语能力和应用中的重要性。,考试题型解读,语法填空这种题型的显著特点都是将语言知识或语法知识放在语篇中进行考察. 文章内容题材,体裁多样化. 一共10道小题,每道1.5分.共15分。
5、题型要求：阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。,命题形式,（1）提供单词原形：主要提供的是动词、形容词、名词三大类，考生需要根据语境写出正确的词形，主要考查动词的时态与语态、非谓语动词以及名词的复数、形容词、副词的比较级与最高级一般有7个小题。,（2）纯空格形式：考生需要根据语境在每个空格处填入一个合适的词，这类题大约有3小题，主要考查连词、介词、代词、冠词、从句引导词、情态动词、强调助动词等。,与原有题型对比: 少了选项的干扰多了水平的发挥 能力要求: 1.词汇量 2.构词法的变化和运用 3.较强的句子分析能力与语法运用能力 4.对文章大意的理解及上
6、下文语义、语境的逻辑判断及推理能力,People _ (live) in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred _ in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, for example, contains four_ five hundred thousand words. But we _ not need all these. To read
7、short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. _ you leave school, you will learn,1,2,3,4,5,living,languages,or,Before/when,小试牛刀：,do,only one thousand or more. The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary bigger.as many books as we can. There a
8、re a lot of books _ (write) in easy English. You will enjoy them. When you meet _ new word, look it _ in your dictionary. Your dictionary is your _ (much) useful book.,6,7,8,9,10,written,a,up,most,Read,解题技巧:,一、有提示词类：,1.有提示考点一：(动词的时态与语态) 如果提示词是个动词，而“空”所在的句子又没有其它谓语动词，那么就要填提示词的正确时态与语态了。如果“空”所在句子表达的是主语为
9、单数的一般现在时概念，那么就是要填提示词的单数第三人称形式，一般就是结尾加s。例如：He often _ (play) football. 这里就填plays。还有一种比较常考的就是一般过去时，因为正常情况下文章肯定是讲过去发生的事情，所以如果“童鞋们”区分不出别的时态的话，那就赌一把啦，填提示词的过去式，普通的是结尾加ed，但很有可能会考特殊的动词过去式，所以抓紧背下你们教材后面的不规则动词表吧。,解题技巧:,一、有提示词类：,2.有提示考点二：(非谓语) 非谓语在单项选择里考会很难，但在语法填空里考，却成了比较简单的考点。如果“空”所在的句子已经有了谓语动词，而且提示词是动词，那么这时候考
10、察的是非谓语动词形式。 如果你实在不会非谓语，这儿教你一个很无赖的方法(正确率很高)：“空”后面紧跟名词，填ing形式，反之填ed形式。例如：He sits in the classroom, _ (read) a book. 此题中的“空”所在句子有谓语sit，并且“空”后面紧跟名词a book，所以直接填reading。再例如：He stands in the classroom, _ (punish) for hismistakes. 此题中的“空”所在句子有谓语stand，并且“空”后面不紧跟名词，所以直接填punished。,解题技巧:,一、有提示词类：,3.有提示考点三：(词性转换
11、) 如果提示词是名词、形容词、动词(不考查时态或非谓语的时候)，那么考查的是词性转换：名词转换成形容词、形容词转换成副词、动词转换成名词。如patience变patient、lucky变luckily、succeed变success等.其中最容易得分的是形容词转换成副词，也就是说如果看到形容词的提示词，可以直接填入该提示词结尾加ly的形式(如果是辅音字母 + y结尾的，要把y改成i再加ly，比如steady要变成steadily)。,解题技巧:,二、无提示词类：,1.无提示考点一： (代词主格) 要填的是句子的主语，主语通常由名词或代词充当，如果没有任何提示，不可能填名词，只能根据上下文的内容
12、填代词.The boy likes football. _ often plays football after school. 根据上下文的意思，要填的代词只能指代“空”前面的the boy，所以此空填He。但代词中有一个特例“it”。it既可以向前指代，也可以向后指代，如果“空”后面有be + 名词或形容词 + to do或that从句的时候，那么这个“空”基本就是填it了。例如：_ is easy to finish the homework. 或_ is a good choice that you decide to go there.这两道题都填it。,解题技巧:,二、无提示词类：
13、,2.无提示考点二： (代词宾格) 如果“空”前是动词(都是及物动词)或者介词，那么“空”考察代词宾格。 Tom is my friend. I met _ in a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like.此题met是及物动词所以后面直接填宾语，并填代词的宾格：him，而不是he。另外，关于it的那个特殊用法在宾语部分体现的是： _ + 形容词或名词 + to do或that从句。例如：The method can make _ easy to finish the homework. 或 We all consider _
14、a good choice that you decide to go there. 这两道题都填it。,解题技巧:,二、无提示词类：,3.无提示考点三： (冠词) 如果“空”后是裸奔的可数名词，必填a或an。 如果“空”后面的名词在上一句重复出现，必填the。I met him in _ shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like. 此题中的shop 是可数名词，可数名词是禁止裸奔的。所谓不能裸奔就是不能既没有冠词，也不能没有复数形式，要写成a shop.另外，如果这个裸奔的可数名词在上句出现过，这时候才可能填定冠词the（再次提
15、到，表示特指）。例如： I met a boy on the street. _ boy is waiting for a taxi. 这时候boy再次出现，表示特指，所以填the。不可数名词很少被考到，因为很局限，前面只能填定冠词the。,解题技巧:,二、无提示词类：,4.无提示考点四： (介词) 如果“空”后名词不裸奔，同时名词后又不紧跟谓语动词，那么此“空”必定填介词。I met him _ a shop which sells fruit when I was seeing what I like. 当一个“空”后面紧跟完整的名词(不裸奔的名词)，同时名词后面没有紧跟谓语动词，那么此“
16、空”只能填介词。比如此题中，“空”后面是完整的名词a shop（包含冠词的名词，没有裸奔，很完整），同时名词shop后面又没有紧跟谓语动词，这明显是要填介词in的节奏。这个时候就要熟悉各种介词的本质含义，以及介词的一些固定搭配。如:be good at 、add to、turn to、agree with等。,解题技巧:,二、无提示词类：,5.无提示考点五： (连词) 如果缺连接性的词，我们就应该好好分析句子结构与成分了，然后再做出合适的选择热点考词：when (当时候), because (因为), although (尽管), so (所以), so that (目的是或结果是), tha
17、t (句子中有so, 和要填的“that”构成sothat的结构，翻译成：如此以致于), but (前后是转折关系), and (前后是顺承或递进关系)等。如：I drove very fast _ I dont want to be late. 此句属于“空”在中间，前后各有一句话的情况，也是填连词，根据两句话的逻辑关系应该填because。再例如：_ you work hard, you may still lose the job. 此句属于“空”在开头，后面紧挨着由逗号隔开的两句话，根据这两句话的逻辑关系应该填Although或Though.,解题技巧:,二、无提示词类：,6.无提示考
18、点六： (从句引导词) 该考点往往体现在定语从句、名词性从句等从句里。 例如：I dont like _ he sticks to. “空”的后面是he sticks (他坚持)这样的主谓结构，并且介词to后面缺少宾语，所以要填what. 再比如：I like the book _ makes me laugh. 此句“空”前面是名词book，“空”后面是动词makes，符合定语从句特征，因为“空”前面是book，所以填which或者that。,强化训练,Once there lived a rich man 61 wanted to do something for the people o
19、f his town. 62 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved(值得) his help.In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 63 very large stone. Then he 64 (hide ) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.,“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the ol
20、d man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. 65 man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,and another.,All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 66 . Late in the afternoon a youn
21、g man came along. He saw the stone, 67 (say) to himself: “The night 68 (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.”,Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 69 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 70 the stone, he found a bag of money.,Thanks a lot!,
