1、2015 职称英语综合类 B 真题及答案(完整版)第 1 部分 词汇选项(第 115 题，每题 1 分，共 15 分)下面每个句子中均有 1 个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。1. The organization was bold enough to face the press.A. pleased B. powerful C. brave D .sensible2. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A. accept B. control C. observe D. regulat
2、e3. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.A limit B. fear C. power D. fool4. Most people find rejection hard to accept.A. excuse B. client C. destiny D. refusal5. Shes extremely competent and industrious.A. hardworking B. honest C. objective D. independent6. The doctors did not re
3、veal the truth to him.A. hide B .handle C. disclose D. establish7. He tried to assemble his thoughts.A. clear B. share C. gather D. spare8. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A. message B. punishment C. guilt D. obligation9. Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions.
4、A. flexible B. terrible C. reasonable D. serious10. These products are inferior to those we brought last year.A. poorer than B. narrower than C. larger than D. richer than11. The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly.A. improved B. changed C. worsened D. developed12. There was a
5、 simultaneous trial taking place in the next building.A. coexisting B. fair C. full D .pubic13. Theyre petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport.A. requesting B .planning C. preparing D. looking14. He said some harsh words about his brother.A. unkind B. proper C. normal
6、D. unclear15. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A. amount B. supply C. sum D. temp第 2 部分: 阅读判断( 第 16-22 题, 每题 1 分, 共 7 分)下面的短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A: 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B; 如果该句的信息问中没有提及，请选择 C。Living History at Jamestown SettlementA woman in Native American clothes is
7、 sitting in the sun, sewing a dress from skin. Inside a building, a colonist is making a wooden chair, using very simple tools. And all around, tourists are taking pictures with their digital (数码的) cameras. This is Jamestown Settlement today.Jamestown, Virginia, was one of the first places in the wo
8、rld where people from Europe, America, and Africa came together in 1608. Today, it is a living history museum, where children and adults come to experience history. In a living history museum, actors wear clothes from the past and demonstrate many of the activities of daily life back then. The actor
9、s also talk to the visitors and explain everything they do.At aLiving History museum, there are always many things to touch, hear ,and smell Visitors at Jamestown Settlement can walk through copies of the three small sailing ships that carried colonists to Virginia and even lie down in a colonists b
10、ed. The colonists stayed on the crowed, dangerous ships for more than four months. When they got to Virginia they built an area of houses with a high wall around it in todays fort(堡垒)，you can see houses, a church, and even a garden with foods that the colonists ate. Women in long dresses work inside
11、 their homes, and visitors can help them with their sewing and cooking.There is also an Indian Village at Jamestown Settlement, and it looks very different from the fort. It shows how the Indians lived in long houses and grew corn and other crops in large fields. Actors there make pottery(陶器) and te
12、ach visitors how to play Indian games. You can even help them make an Indian boat from a tree.Today the living history museum of Jamestown is very popular, especially with children and families. People come here to have fun, but also to learn. Many school classes visit to experience old ways of gett
13、ing things done. A living history museum is the best way to understand how people lived in the past.16.Tourists like to take pictures in Jamestown Settlement today.A Right B wrong C Not mentioned17, in Jamestown Settlement, people from three different cultures came together in 1608.A Right B wrong C
14、 Not mentioned18. At a living history museum, visitors cannot touch any of the things on display.A Right B wrong C Not mentioned19. The first colonists to Jamestown Settlement were from England.A Right B wrong C Not mentioned20. The actors working at the museum explain what they to do the visitors.A
15、 Right B wrong C Not mentioned21. in Jamestown, visitors can walk through the real ships the colonists used.A Right B wrong C Not mentioned22. Children and families enjoy playing Indian games.A Right B wrong C Not mentioned第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子( 第 23-30 题，每题 1 分，共 8 分)下面的短文后有两项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选
16、项中未第 25 段每段选择 1 个最佳标题;(2) 第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为每个句子确定 1 个最佳选项。Teaching Is “One of the Least Popular Jobs in the UK”1) The UK government has just published a report on the future of secondary-school teaching (pupils aged 1116), and the conclusion of the report is that many secondary schools now face
17、 great difficulties in finding people who want to be teachers. Since the 1980s, the number of graduates who say they would “seriously consider” teaching as a career has fallen sharply, from 64% in 1982 to just 17% today. The report suggests that urgent action needs to be taken in order to encourage
18、more intelligent young graduates into teaching.2) The main drawback of secondary teaching, according to the report, is the low salary. Earnings in teaching are much lower than in many other jobs, and this means that fewer and fewer young people decide to be teachers. Joanne Manners, 24 is a good exa
19、mple. “ I graduated in maths last year, and I was thinking of doing a teacher training course to become a maths teacherbut when I looked into the details, it became clear that teaching isnt a very lucrative(赚钱的)job these days. I saw I could earn twice as much if I worked in marketing or advertising,
20、 and so I decided not to become a teacher.”3) Its not just about the money, however. The survey concluded that another reason why people dont want to be teachers is that some teenagers behave very badly in school. A lot of schools have problems with discipline, and it seems clear that children do no
21、t have the same respect for teachers as in the past. Heres the view of Dave Hallam, an accountant from London:” I think parents are to blame. They should have stricter rules with their children at home and also teach their children to have more respect for teachers.”4) “ It makes me feel so proud.”
22、Says Brian Jones, who works in a secondary school in London. So what does he think the government should do to encourage more people to become teachers?” “My view is that the government should reduce the burden of work on teachers. I find that I always have too much work to do.”5) The report is clea
23、r that the problem of teacher shortage is a very serious one. It says that the government should raise teachers pay significantly, to catch up with workers in other professions. It also suggests that the government could launch a nationwide publicity campaign, with some advertisements on TV and in t
24、he newspapers, to show the positive sides of teaching to young people. Another solution could be set a maximum number of hours per week that teachers can work, in order to reduce stress on teachers. “Hopefully,” the report concludes, “these solutions can improve the poor image of secondary teaching,
25、 and increase the number of young people who want to become teachers in the future.【题干】23. Paragraph 1_24. Paragraph 2_25. Paragraph 3_26. Paragraph 4_【选项】A. Students bad behavior and lack of disciplineB. Improvement of children behaviorC. Heavy workload on teachersD. The problem of low salaryE. A r
26、eport on teacher shortageF. A nationwide publicity campaign【题干】27. More and more young people are held back from teaching_.28. Parents are encouraged to back the teacher up when there are_29. The government should reduce the workload on teachers to ease_.30. The government should promote teaching as
27、 a career by advertising_.【选项】A. Its benefitsB. Their childhood memoriesC. their stressD. more trainingE. discipline problemsF. because of its low pay第 4 部分 阅读理解( 第 31-45 题，每题 3 分，共 45 分)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题。请根据短文内容，为每题确定 1个最佳选项。第一篇 Why Buy Shade-Grown Coffee?When people argue about whether coffee
28、is good for health, theyre usually thinking of the health of the coffee drinker. Is it food for your heart? Does it increase blood pressure? Does it help you concentrate? However, coffee affects the health of the human population in other ways, too.Traditionally, coffee bushes were planted under the
29、 canopy(树冠)of taller indigenous(土生土长的)trees. However, more and more farmers in Latin America are deforesting the land to grow full-sun coffees. At first, this increases production because more coffee bushes can be planted if there arent any trees. With increased production come increased profits.Unf
30、ortunately, deforesting for coffee production immediately decreases local-wildlife habitat. Native birds nest and hide from predators(捕食者 )in the tall trees and migrating birds rest there.Furthermore, in the long term, the full-sun method also damages the ecosystem because more chemical fertilizers
31、and pesticides are needed to grow the coffee. The fertilizers and pesticides kill insects that eat coffee plant, but then the birds eat the poisoned insects and also die. The chemicals kill or sicken other animals as well, and can even enter the water that people will eventually drink.Fortunately, f
32、armers in Central and South America are beginning to grow more coffee bushes in the shade. We can support these farmers by buying coffee with such labels as “shade grown“ and “bird friendly. Sure, these varieties might cost a little more. But were paying for the health of the birds, the land, oursel
33、ves, and the planet. I think its worth it.31.What is the main idea of this passage?A. Farmers are changing the way they grow coffee.B. Coffee is becoming more expensive to produce.C. Shade-grow coffee is more expensive than sun-grow coffee.D. People should buy shade-grown coffee.32.The function of t
34、he word “Traditionally“ in Paragraph 2 is to show_.A. the positive effects of coffee.B. a change of coffee growth.C. something that is the most important.D. how coffee production used to be.33.What does increased production of full-sun coffee bring about?A. More insects.B. Better quality coffee.C. L
35、arger farms.D. Higher profits.34.How do farmers find more land for growing full-sun coffee?A. They buy more land from other farmers.B. They cut down trees.C. They move to another country.D. They turn grassland into farmland.35.The full-sun method may affect the following EXCEPT_ full sunA. insects.B
36、. air.C. birdsD. humans第二篇 Washoe Learned American Sign LanguageAn animal that influenced scientific thought has died. A chimpanzee named Washoe and born in Africa died of natural causes late last month at the age of 42 at a research center in the American state of Washington. Washoe had become know
37、n in the scientific community and around the world for her ability to use American Sign Language. She was said to be the first non-human to learn a human language. Her skills also led to debate about primates and their ability to understand language.Research scientists Allen and Beatrix Gardner bega
38、n teaching Washoe sign language in 1966.In 1969, the Gardners described Washoes progress in a scientific report. The people who experimented with Washoe said she grew to understand about 250 words. For example, Washoe made signs to communicate when it was time to eat. She could request foods like ap
39、ples and bananas. She also asked questions like,“ Who is coming to play?“ Once the news about Washoe spread, many language scientists began studies of their own into this new and exciting area of research. The whole direction of primate research changed.However, critics argued Washoe only learned to
40、 repeat sign language movements from watching her teachers. They said she had never developed true language skills. Even now, there are some researchers who suggest that primates learn sign language only by memory, and perform the signs only for prizes. Yet Washoes keepers disagree. Roger Fouts is a
41、 former student of the Gardeners. He took Washoe to a research center in Ellensburg, Washington. There, Washoe taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees, which are still alive.Scientists like private researcher Jane Goodall believe Washoer provided new information about the mental workings o
42、f chimpanzees. Today, there are not as many scientists studying language skills with chimps. Part of the reason is that this kind of research takes a very long time.Debate continues about chimps understanding of human communication. Yet, one thing is sure-Washoe changed popular ideas about the possi
43、bilities of animal intelligence36. The Gardeners experiment with Washoe_.A. began in 1969B. won a big prizeC. lasted three yearsD. influenced primate research37. The second paragraph mainly discusses_.A. a report about Washoes progress in learning sign languageB. the whole direction of primate resea
44、rchC. new primate researches conducted by many language scientificD. an experiment with Washoe at a research center in Africa.38. The Gardeners experiment with Washoe was criticized because_.A. just ask some simple questionB. only copy teachers sign languageC. only memorize about 250wordsD. just rep
45、eat short sentences.39. According to the passage, which of the following is true?A. Roger Fouts taught sign language to three younger chimpanzees.B. Washoe was the first chimp to use American Sign LanguageC. A chimpanzee died of natural causes in Africa at a research centerD. Nowadays there are stil
46、l lots of scientists experimenting with chimpanzees40. We can draw a conclusion from the last paragraph that_.A. Whether chimps can learn a human language remains unansweredB. primate have the ability to speak a languageC. animals cannot learn a human signD. Washoe is as intelligent as humans第三篇 Mod
47、erate Earthquake Strikes EnglandA moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007,toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds. Several thousand people were left without power in Kent County. One woman suffered minor head and neck injuries.“It felt as if
48、 the whole house was being slid across like a fun-fair ride,“ said the woman.The British Geological Survey said the 4.3-magnitude quake struck at 8:19 a.m. and was centered under the English Channel, about 8.5 miles south of Dover and near the entrance to the Channel Tunnel.Witnesses said cracks app
49、eared in walls and chimneys collapsed across the county. Residents said the tremor had lasted for about 10 to 15 seconds.“I was lying in bed and it felt as if someone had just got up from bed next to me.“ said Hendrick van Eck,27,of Canterbury about 60 miles southeast of London.“I then heard the sound of cracking, and it was getting heavier and heavier. It felt as if someone was at the end of my bed hopping up and down.“There are thousands of moderate quakes on this scale a
