1、教 师 教 案课程名称： 英语翻译理论与实践 2英文名称： English Translation Theories and Practice 2课程编号： 课程类别： 专业基础课 学分： 2总 学 时： 32 理论学时： 32 实验学时： 0授课班级： 使用教材： 英汉互译实践与技巧（第三版）任课教师： 职 称:所在单位： 院系(部处 ) 系教 务 处 制教案填写说明教案按每一大节课进行编写，其进度应与授课计划相同。教案可以是打印稿也可以是手写稿。有关部分填写要求如下：1、 课 程 类 别 （ 封 面 ） ： 包 括 公 共 课 、 学 科 基 础 课 、 专 业 基 础 课 、 专 业 方
2、 向 课 、 实 践性 教 学 环 节 、 实 验 课 、 专 业 任 选 课 、 公 选 课 。2、课堂教学目的及要求：本大节课（本次课）的教学目的及要求。3、课堂教学重点及难点：指根据教学大纲要求，确定课堂教学知识信息的重点、难点。4、教学过程：这是整个教案的主体部分，既体现出教学活动的逻辑程序，又要划分出若干环节或步骤，并考虑到它们的时间分配、具体方法的应用，相互间的衔接、过渡，以及教学过程与板书的协调等等，充分反映教师教学设计思想，体现教师的教学经验和风格。5、教学方法及手段：指举例讲解、多媒体讲解、模型讲解、实物讲解、挂图讲解、音像讲解等。6、课后作业与思考题：指本大节课（本次课）结
3、束后需要布置的作业与思考题。7、课 后 小 结 ： 课 后 自 我 总 结 分 析 是 对 课 程 教 学 中 教 学 环 节 的 设 计 、 教 学 重 点 难 点 的把 握 、 教 学 方 法 的 应 用 、 师 生 双 边 活 动 的 设 计 及 教 学 效 果 等 情 况 的 总 结 与 分 析 ， 为 以 后的 教 学 提 供 经 验 与 参 考 。第次课学时教 师 教 案授课章节 Unit 9 Nominal Clauses授课方式 理论课 讨论课 实验课 习题课 其他课堂教学目的及要求I. Master the Translation of English Nominal Cla
4、uses (P.117-121), and the Translation of Chinese Complex Sentences (P.121-122).II. Master EnglishChinese Translation (P.114-115).课堂教学重点及难点Emphases should be put on the translation of appositive clauses and translation of Chinese Complex Sentences.教学过程 教学方法及手段教学过程IThe Translation of English Nominal C
5、lauses:1. Subject Clauses.2. Object Clauses.3. Predicative Clauses.4. Appositive Clauses (important points).Differences: Apposition appears more frequently in English than in Chinese. Appositive clauses are often translated in the following ways.1). Keeping the original order in translation.2). Conv
6、erting into an attributive order or an independent clause.3). Using punctuation marks or specific words.4).Changing into sentences without the subject.II. Translation of Chinese Complex Sentences:1. Sentence Combination.2. Sentence Sequence.III. EnglishChinese Translation in Practical Translation Tr
7、aining: The Difference between a Brain and a Computer.Explain all the contents in the left column by giving proper examples when necessary.课后作业与思考题I. Review todays work.II.Preview Chinese-English Translation: 硅谷.III.Prepare Reflections and Practice.课后小结 授课教师签名：2013 年 3 月 4 日注：每项页面大小可根据实际情况自行添减第 2 次课
8、学时教 师 教 案授课章节 Unit 9 Nominal Clauses (Continued)授课方式 理论课 讨论课 实验课 习题课 其他课堂教学目的及要求I. Complete Practical Translation Training from P.114 to 116.II. Finish all the exercises in Reflections and Practice (P.122-125).课堂教学重点及难点Emphases should be put on the translation of appositive clauses and translation o
9、f Chinese Complex Sentences.教学过程 教学过程 教学方法及手段IPractical Translation Training:1. EnglishChinese Translation (P.114-115):1). Notes and Explanations.2). Ask 6 students to interpret (1 paragraph for each).3). Check and comment.4). Discussion if needed.2. ChineseEnglish Translation (P.115-116).1). Ask 3
10、students to write their translations on the blackboard (1 paragraph for each).2). Check and explain.II. Reflections and Practice I to IV (P.122-125):1. Discussing the 5 questions on P.122.2. English sentence interpretation (P.122-124).3. Chinese passage translation (P.124).4. English sentence interp
11、retation (P.124-125).III. A Summing-up of Unit 9:1. 4 methods for translating appositive clauses.2. Sentence combination for translating Chinese complex sentences.Explain all the contents in the left column by giving proper examples when necessary.课后作业与思考题I. Preview Unit 10 Attributive Clauses.II. D
12、o English-Chinese Translation 10. Stumbling World Economics (P.254-255) 2. Division; 3.Mixture.III. The translation methods of Non-Restrictive Attributive Clauses:1. Division; 2.Combination.IV. Attributive Clauses Functioning as Adverbials:1. Translating English ACs into Chinese Adverbial Clauses of
13、 Cause.2. Translating English ACs into Chinese Adverbial Clauses of Result.3. Translating English ACs into Chinese Adverbial Clauses of Concession.4. Translating English ACs into Chinese Adverbial Clauses of Condition.5. Translating English ACs into Chinese Adverbial Clauses of Purpose.V. Explain En
14、glishChinese Translation.Explain all the contents in the left column by giving proper examples when necessary.课后作业与思考题I. Preview Chinese-English Translation: “不沉之船”的厄运.II. Prepare Reflections and Practice.课后小结 授课教师签名：2013 年 3 月 18 日注：每项页面大小可根据实际情况自行添减第 4 次课学时教 师 教 案授课章节 Unit 10 Attributive Clauses (
15、Continued)授课方式 理论课 讨论课 实验课 习题课 其他课堂教学目的及要求I. Complete Practical Translation Training from P. 128-131.II. Finish all the exercises in Reflections and Practice (P.138-141).课堂教学重点及难点Emphases should be put on the translation practice of English attributive clauses functioning as adverbials.教学过程 教学方法及手段教
16、学过程IComplete Practical Translation Training:1. EnglishChinese Translation (P. 128-129).1). Notes and Explanations2). Ask 4 students to interpret.3). Check and comment.4). Discussion if needed.2. ChineseEnglish Translation (P.129-131).1). Ask 2 students to write their translations on the blackboard (
17、2 sentences for each).2). Check and explain.II. Reflections and Practice I to IV (P. 138-141):3. Discussing the 4 questions on P.138.4. English sentence interpretation (P.138-139).5. Chinese passage translation (P.139-140).6. English sentence interpretation (P.140-141).III. A Summing-up of Unit 10:1
18、. Major disparity between English and Chinese Attributive Structures.2. The translation methods of English attributive clauses functioning as adverbials.Explain all the contents in the left column by giving proper examples when necessary.课后作业与思考题I. Preview Unit 11, or (2) The acts constituting the o
19、ffer and acceptance have been completed in the territories of different States.此外，合同须符合下列条件：（1）在订立合同时，有关货物正在或即将从一州装运至另一州；或（2）在不同州管辖区内，要约和承诺行为业已完成。该句中使用了并列和平行结构，这在法律英语中使用频率甚高，使要表达的意思衔接密切，故在译成汉语时，也应体现法律文本的相似特点。（二） 、增词译法所谓“增词法” ，就是指根据原文的精神实质，为使译文更忠实通顺地表达原文的思想内容，而增加适当且必要的单词、词组、分句或完整句，而不是机械地保持原文与译文之间在词量上
20、的对等。例如：例 3. A proposal for concluding a contract addressed to one or more specific persons constitutes an offer if it is definite and indicates the intention of the offer or to be bound in case of acceptance.向一个或一个以上特定的人提出的订立合同的建议，如果十分确定并且表明要约人在得到接受时承受约束的意旨即构成要约。原文中并没有“十分” ，译者依据其精神实质，增译了表达模糊概念的数量词“十
21、分” 。例 4. Each of the parties do hereby waive any proof that such breach will cause irreparable injury to such party or that there is no adequate remedy at law. 各方谨此表示不要求另一方进行举证，以证明一方违约将给另一方造成不可弥补的损害或根据普通法得不到足够的赔偿。所谓 waive，是放弃对他人的权利或要求，这里是说一方 “不要求另一方”进行举证，而且按逻辑推理，一方违约会给另一方造成损失，因此需要在译文中分别加上“另一方”和“一方”
22、。（三） 、省词译法所谓“省词译法” ，就是在不损害语义的前提下，把原文中需要而译文中不一定需要的单词、词组等在翻译过程中加以省略。这种省词译法一般是出于译文语法和习惯表达法的需要。例 5. Mr. Justice Douglas rejected the death penalty because it was administered in such a way as to discriminate against unpopular minorities. 大法官道格拉斯先生反对死刑是因为行刑的方式方法歧视不受欢迎的少数人。such 在英语中是个模糊词语，意思是“这样的” ，该译文就没有
23、机械地直译出来。 例 6. The formation of this Contract, its validity, interpretation, execution and settlement of disputes in connection herewith shall be governed by the laws of the United States of America (the U.S.A.), but in the event that there is no published and publicly available law in the U.S.A. gov
24、erning a particular matter relating to this Contract, reference shall be made to general international commercial practices.本合同的订立、效力、解释、执行及合同争议的解决，均受美利坚合众国（美国）法律管辖。美国颁布的法律对本合同相关的某一事项未作规定的，参照国际商业惯例。法律一经颁布，当然就是公布于众，不需要再在译文中添加“可为公众获得的” （publicly available） 。（ 四） 、合词译法所谓“合词译法” ，就是将英语的几个词用汉语的一个词翻译出来。法律英
25、语中常见的表达同一含义的并列结构就可采用此译法，如下例中的“free and clear of”：例 7. Party A further represents and warrants that the Land is free and clear of any and all claims, charges, easement, encumbrances, lease, covenants, security interest, liens, option, pledge, rights of others, or restrictions. 甲方进一步陈述和保证，该土地不存在任何权利主张
26、、抵押、地役权、权利负担、租约、契约、担保权益、留置权、购买权、质押、他人权利或限制。 还有一种情况就是法律英语中的同义词或近义词在意义上虽有其细微差别，但在汉语中找不到相对应的词语。如下例：例 8. Taxation shall comprise all forms of taxes, including but not limited to income tax, capital gains tax, stamp duty, tariffs, customs duties, import and export duties, impositions，duties and levies, a
27、nd all fines, penalties, charges, fees, costs and rates imposed, levied and collected by the taxation authority and other competent authorities. 税收包括各种形式的税项，包括但不限于税务局和其他主管部门征收的所得税、资本利得税、印花税、关税、进出口税、各种征税、及一切罚金、收费和税款。在这个句子里，tariffs 和 customs duties 的汉译都是“关税” ；impositions, duties 和 levis 都表示“征税”或“税款” ；
28、fines 和 penalties 同为“罚金”或“罚款” ；charges、fees 和 costs 指各种“收费” ；imposed、levied 和 collected 三个动词都有“征收”的意思。这时，就没有必要也不可能把它们每一个词都翻译出来。合词译法较为适合。（五） 、转态译法英语中被动语态用得多，法律英语尤其如此；而汉语多用主动语态。在法律翻译实践中，应根据需要，将难以或不宜用汉语被动语态表达的英语被动结构，译成汉语的主动句。这种译法称为“转态译法” 。例 9. This CONTRACT is made by and between the Buyers and the Sel
29、lers; whereby the Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned goods on the terms and conditions stated below. 兹经买卖双方同意，由买方购进、卖方售出下列货物，并按下列条款签订本合同。例 10. The plant, machinery and equipment, raw materials, components and the Products shall be insured by JVC for adequate replac
30、ement value against fire, storm, tempest, accident, flood, theft and other risks which may destroy or diminish the value of the Products or which may render the Products unfit for consumption. 合营公司应为厂房、机器设备、原材料、部件和产品投保，一旦发生火灾、暴风雨、风暴、事故、水灾、盗窃和可能损害或降低产品的价值或使产品不适用于消费的其他风险，保险获得的赔付应足以重置该财产。翻译方法多种多样；选择翻译方
31、法的目的是使译文达到确定的翻译标准，以实现其交际功能。所以，我们应该根据翻译标准的要求、法律文献的文体特点，再结合读者对象和适用场合等因素，确定具体的翻译方法。 翻译实践练习（一） 、合同（contract）常用术语、表达方式及其译法1. contract2. contract of employment3. sales confirmation4. name of commodity5. quantity6. total value7. confirmation8. contract of trade9. contract of purchase10. specification11. un
32、it price12. packing13. country of origin and manufacturer14. time of destination15. port of destination16. other terms17. the sellers18. hereafter to be called the first party (the second party)19. expiration of the contract20. guarantee period21. transshipment22. partial shipment23. terms of paymen
33、t24. insurance25. port of loading26. shipping marks27. the buyers28. the engaging party29. the engaged party30. the term of service31. to renew the contract32. extension of employment contract33. compensation allowance（二） 、协议（agreement）常用词语、表达方式及其译法1. agreement on academic exchange2. agreement on te
34、chnical co-operation3. agreement on production co-operation4. agreement on personnel training5. agreement on the import of a color kinescope production line6. co-operative agreement on science and technology7. patterns and contents of co-operation8. measures of implementation9. personnel matters10.
35、financial arrangements11. duration of agreement12. signature13. the two sides14. on the basis of mutual benefit15. to establish closer co-operation in technological transfers and informationexchange16. joint venture17. Sino-foreign joint venture18. foreign exchange19. foreign currencies20. technical
36、 consultation21. technical training（三） 、合约英语翻译：1. Law applicable to the Contract Documents shall be the law and statute of the Peoples Republic of China and the regulations of the relevant department stated in the Conditions of Agreement or the local regulations of the site of works.2. The State sta
37、ndards and specifications in PRC stipulated in the Conditions of Agreement shall be applied to the works; in the event no State standards and specifications are available, the professional standards and specifications under the Conditions of Agreement or the local standards and specifications of the
38、 site of works shall be applied. Party A shall provide to Party B the agreed standards and specifications which shall be made in duplicate within the specific period of time in accordance to the Conditions of Agreement.In the event to relevant standards and specifications are available in the PRC, P
39、arty B shall propose workmanship for the works within the specific period of time and in accordance with the requirements under the Conditions of Agreement and the same shall be implemented upon approval by Party As representative; Party A shall provide Chinese translation for such foreign standards
40、 and specifications he requires to apply. All the cost arising from the purchase, translation and stipulation of the standards and specifications herein shall be borne by Party A.商务英语翻译商务英语中广泛运用的各种信函具有特定的格式，使用专门的术语。要求学生重点了解这类实用文体的特点，做到能理解正确，翻译准确、格式符合翻译实践练习1Dear sirs,You wrote on 28th January informi
41、ng us that the mohair rugs supplied to the above order had been dispatched, bur we regret to say that they have not yet reached us. We expected them a week ago and on the faith of your notification for promised immediate delivery to a number of our customers, who naturally feel that we have let them
42、 down. Delivery of the rugs is now a matter of urgency. Will you please find out from British Rail what has happened to the consignment and let us know when we may expect delivery. We are of course making our own enquiries at this end.Yours faithfully,参考译文：敬启者：您于 1 月 28 日来信中告知我们，您按定单上所提供的安哥拉地毯已经运出，但
43、我们迄今未收到，颇为遗憾。我们原预计在一周前就能收到货物，同时，对贵公司的发货通知深具信心，我们已承诺许多顾客立即为他们送货。因此，顾客一定会认为我们所言不实，有失信誉。地毯急需交货，贵公司是否可以向大英铁路局查询该批货物的下落，并通知我方交货时间，我方亦自当尽量查询。诚挚问候2Dear Sir or Madam， Our lecturer at this months Society for the Advancement of Management meeting mentioned that you have developed a fairly excellent program on
44、 listening.I am arranging a series of communication seminars for our top executives, which will include training courses in speaking, writing and listening. I am especially interested in your materials on listening, and would welcome information about programs you may have on writing and speaking as
45、 well.The seminars will begin on October 16, so I do not have a lot of time for materials. I would be very grateful if you would therefore rush this information to me.Sincerely yours,显然，这也是一封询问信，询问相关教材并礼貌地提出要求，语言清晰明了。译文：尊敬的女士/先生：我们工商管理协会本月的专题演讲者在会中提到贵公司出版了一套相当出色的听力技巧训练教材。我目前正着手为公司的高层主管们规划一系列交际技巧研讨会，
46、提供口语，写作与听力等交际技巧的训练课程。我对于贵社的听力技巧教材特别感兴趣，此外也想了解你们是不是也备有关于写作及口语交际的训练教材。由于研讨会即将于 10 月 16 日举行，我实在没有太多的时间来选择适用的教材。因此是否能麻烦您尽速将资料寄给我？非常感谢！诚挚问候3Dear Mr. Patel,We were most disturbed to hear of the trouble you have experienced with one of the products. From your letter it appears that you have misread the ins
47、tructions on the label. Our Butter Beans are not intended to be served on toast as they are not in any form of sauce. They are intended to be used in salads or as part of a recipe. I can assure you that our Butter Beans are excellent when served as a snack.I have pleasure in enclosing one of our rec
48、ipe leaflets and hope that in future you will find many uses for our products.Yours sincerely,Arthur WoburnCustomer Services 参考译文：尊敬的佩特尔先生：得知您使用我方产品时遇到的麻烦令我们忐忑不安。从您的来信中我们发觉您好像对标签上的说明有所误解。我们的黄油豆不是加工成酱状的，因此不能用作面包调味品。但您可将它作为调味料放入沙拉或其它菜肴。而且我们的黄油豆可以作美味的点心，这一点我可以向您保证。我们还很高兴地给您随信附上一份活页菜谱，您会发现我们的产品用途十分广泛。客户
49、服务部阿瑟吴伯恩谨上 第 13 次课学时教 师 教 案授课章节 Unit 15 Application Documents for Studying Abroad (ADSA)授课方式 理论课 讨论课 实验课 习题课 其他课堂教学目的及要求I. Master the stylistic characteristics of ADSA.II. Master the methods used in the translation of ADSA (P.212-224).课堂教学重点及难点Emphases should be put on the stylistic characteristics of ADSA, child children; he him; have has had, etc. ) P. 230-231例 1：Thus encouraged, they made a still bolder plan for the next year. 由于受到这样的鼓励，他们为来年制定了一个更为大胆的计划。2. Compact vs. Diffusive (紧凑与松散)English sentences are compact, tightly combined wi
