1、1高中英语 必修 重点单词、短语和句型Unit 1 Cultural relics重点单词和短语1. in search of 寻找、搜寻in the/ones search for 寻找，搜寻search for= look for 搜寻search . for 为了找而搜查2. could never have imagined 绝不可能想到“情态动词+have done”may/might have done 过去可能做过表推测 must have done 过去一定做过表后悔、 needt have done 过去本没有必要做（实际上做了）责备、遗 should/ought to ha
2、ve done 过去本应该做（实际上未做）憾等语气 shouldnt/oughtnt to have done 过去本不该做（实际上做了）3. select vt.挑选，选择；选择select sb. to do sth. 选择某人做某事select . as 挑选作为select . from 从中选出4. design n. & vt. 设计，图案，构思；计划make designs for 为设计 to do 目的是做in design 在设计上 be designed for 专为而设计的by design=on purpose 故意地 as 打算当做5. fancy adj. 奇异的
3、，异样的；时髦的vt. 想象，设想；爱好，喜欢fancy (ones) doing sth. 想象（某人）做某事Fancy meeting so many television actiors! 居然能见到那么多电视演员！n. 喜爱，想要take a fancy to 喜欢上；爱上6. decorate vt. 装饰；装修，装潢decorate . with .用装饰7. in return (for) (1)作为（对的）回报/报答（=in reward for）If you give me your photo, Ill give you mine in return.你若送我一张照片，我便
4、回赠一张给你。He didnt expect anything in return for his help.他帮助人并不期待任何回报。(2)作为回应I asked his opinion, but he just asked me a question in return.我征求他的意见，他却只是反问了我一个问题。【辨析】in return 和 in turn易混词组 辨析 例句in return 表示“作为回报（报答） ”；作为回应He has given me so much help that I really want to do something for him in retur
5、n. 他给了我许多帮助，所以真的想为他做些什么作为报答。in turn表示“相应地；转而，反之，反过来”表示“依次，逐个轮流”Interest rates were cut and, in turn, share prices rose.利率下调，股价就相应地上涨了。The kids came out of the room in turn.孩子们依次走出房间。8. have/get sth. done 本结构可表示两种意义(1)使某事被做（主语有意识的行为，可能是主语自己做的，也可能是让别人做）I must have my homework done before going to bed.
6、2上床睡觉前我必须做完作业。 （由自己完成）He had/got his hair cut yesterday.他昨天理发了。 （由别人完成）(2)遭遇/经历某种不幸的事（此事违背主语的意愿）She had all her jewellery stolen.她所有的珠宝都被偷了。【拓展】have/let/make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事have/get sb. Doing 让某人一直做某事9. at war 处于交战状态“at + n.”表示一种状态或持续的活动：at peace 处于和平状态 at church 在做礼拜at
7、rest 在休息 at breakfast/lunch/supper 在吃早/午/晚饭at table 在吃饭 at sea 在航海at work 在上班at school 在上学【链接】介词 in，under 和 on 都可以与名词连用，表示一种状态或持续的活动，此时名词前一般不加冠词。in trouble 处于困境（困难）中 on sale 上市，出售in danger 在危险中 on holiday 在度假，在休假中under discussion 在讨论中 on fire 着火，失火under repairz 在维修中 on duty 值班10. remove vt.(1) 移走；移开
8、；移动；搬开from 从搬走某物remove sth. to 把某物搬到into/out 把某物搬入/ 搬出(2) 除掉；清除（=get rid of）Youd better perform well to remove his doubt.你最好好好表现来打消他的疑虑。(3) 脱下（衣服等） （=take off） ；摘下I recognized him after he removed his dark glasses.(4) 把免职；开除remove sb. from 某人被免职11. less than 少于，小于（某一数目或数量）短语 符号 意义less than 少于not les
9、s than 不少于，至于no less than 和一样，多达（强调多）more than 多于；不仅仅not more than 不多于，不超过，至多no more than 仅仅（强调少）【辨析】no less than 与 not less than易混词组 辨析 例句no less than “多达” （强调数量之多，相当于 as much as）He has no less than 1 million dollars. 他的钱多达 100 万美元。not less than “至少” （强调下限，相当于 at least）He has not less than 1,000 do
10、llars. 他至少有 1000 美元。12. doubt n. & v. (1) n. 怀疑，疑惑There is no doubt that . 毫无疑问There is no doubt about/of .There is (some) doubt whether . 对持有疑问【拓展】in doubt 不肯定；没把握 without/no/beyond doubt 无疑地；确实3(2) v. 怀疑；不相信doubt whether/if 怀疑是否 I dont doubt that . 我确信13. worth prep. & n. 值得的；相当于的价值的be worth doing
11、 值得做be worth +钱数 值 钱be worth + n. 值得【辨析】worth, worthy 与 worthwhile易混词 搭配 例句worth be worth + n. /doingcosideration.The matter is worthcosidering.worthyof being donebe worthy to be doneof sth.consideration.of being considered.The matter is worthyto be considered.worthwhile Its worthwhile to do/doing s
12、th.to consider It is worthwhile the matter.considering【注意】worth 后接动名词时，用主动形式表示被动含义。worth 不能用 very 修饰，但可以用 well 修饰。除作表语外，worth 还可作后置定语。West Lake is a place worth seeing. 西湖是个值得一看的地方。14. evidence n. 证据，根据；证明There is evidence that . 有证据表明15. rather than (1) 而不是I decided to write rather than telephone.
13、我决定写信而不是打电话。(2) 与其倒不如；宁愿而不愿He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 与其说他是一个海员，倒不如说他是一个探险者。Rather than cause trouble, he left. 他不愿意惹麻烦，宁可离去。【拓展】prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事也不愿做某事would rather do sth. than do sth. /would do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿做某事也不愿做某事or rather 更确切地说【注意】rather than
14、 有时相当于介词，有时起连词作用，其连接的两个成分的词性应该一致。rather than 连接两个不定式时，后一个常省略 to，但 rather than 位于句首时，常跟不带 to 的不定式。rather than 连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与 rather than 前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致，相同用法的还有：as well as ，together with ，with，besides 等。16. think highly of 高度评价，认为 不错；器重；看重【拓展】think much/well of 器重/看重/赞赏think ill/poorly/badly/little o
15、f 认为 不好think nothing of 轻视；认为 无所谓speak highly of 高度评价/ 赞扬speak well/ill of 说的好/坏话17. debate n. & v. (1) n. 辩论；争论；讨论under debate 在辩论/讨论中a heated/lively debate 一场激烈的争论4beyond/without debate 无可争论(2) v. (尤指正式)讨论，辩论sth. with sb. 同某人辩论/讨论某事debate wh- to do sth. 讨论做某事on sth. 讨论某事【辨析】debate 与 arguedebate 侧重
16、 “双方各抒己见 ”，内含“交锋”的意思。argue 侧重“说理” 、 “论证”和“企图说服” 。常用结构： argue sb. into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事。重点句子1. Frederick William, the king of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普鲁士国王腓特烈 威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。2. H
17、owever, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William , to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。3. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. 作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。4. Later, Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Pet
18、ersburg where she spent her summers. 后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。5. In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. 1770 年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。6. In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes.在不到两天的时间里，10 万个部件被装进了 27 个木箱。7. There is no doubt that the boxes were the
19、n put on a train for Knigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea. 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海海边的一个城市。8. In groups discuss: Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing? 分组讨论：重建遗失的文化遗产，如琥珀屋或北京的圆明园是值得的吗？9. An opinion is what s
20、omeone believes is true but has not been proved. 看法是人们相信是真实的，但是未经证实。10. I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room.我很欣赏那些寻找琥珀屋的人。11. Nor do I think they should give it to any government. 我也认为他们不应该把它交给任何政府。Unit 2 The Olympic Games重点单词和短语1. compete vi. 比赛；竞争compete in 参加比赛compete wit
21、h/against 与竞争compete for 为而竞争2. stand for(1)代表；象征；（指缩写或符号）是的意思；表示(2)容忍，忍受（用于否定句中）(3)支持，主张【链接】stand (doing) sth. 忍受（做）某事stand by 袖手旁观，站在一边stand out 显眼，引人注目stand up for 为而站起来，支持，维护stand on ones own feet 自立3. volunteer5(1) n. 志愿者；志愿兵(2) vt. & vi. 自愿（做）volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事 volunteer for sth.4. on a
22、 regular basis 有规律地；定期地【辨析】regular, normal 与 ordinary易混词 辨析 例句regular“定期的，规则的” ，指已有模式有定律的或定期的Youd better take regular exercise. 你最好定期做运动。normal“正常，标准的” ，指不超过某种限度、符合某种标准或常规。return to normal 恢复正常The doctor said the childs temperature was normal.医生说孩子的体温正常。ordinary“普通的，平常的” ，强调一般性和普通性，含不突出的意味。ordinary
23、people 普通人He preferred to be treated as an ordinary worker. 他宁愿被当成普通工人看待。on the basis of 以为基础5. admit(1) 允许进入；让进入admit sb. To/into 允许某人进入；吸引某人为的成员be admitted as 作为被接受（后接表示成员的名词）(2) 容纳（相当于 hold, seat）(3) 承认；供认admit (to) sth. 承认某事admit (to) doing sth. 承认做过某事admit +that-clause 承认admit . To be + adj./n.
24、承认是6. responsibility n. 责任，职责a sense of responsibility 责任感take responsibility for 对负责任take on the responsibility 承担责任claim responsibility for 声称对负责7. as much +不可数名词+as 和（程度上）是一样的It is as much your responsibily as mine. 这件事你和我一样都有责任。【拓展】(1) as much +不可数名词/a(n) +可数名词单数+as . “和（程度上）是一样的（much表程度） ”It is
25、 generally believed that teaching is as much an art as a science. 一般认为，教学既是一门艺术，也是一门科学。(2) 否定式：not as/so much . as 与其说是不如说是He is not as much an actor as a TV host. 与其说他是演员，不如说他是电视节目主持人。8. replace vt. 代替，取代；替换replace . with/by 以代替/ 替换take the place of=take ones place 替代，取代【注意】take the place of, in pl
26、ace of, instead of 均可表示“代替” ，但 take the place of 为动词短语，而 in place of 与 instead of 为介词短语。9. charge(1) n. 主管；费用take charge of 负责，接管in charge of 主管，掌管6in the charge of=in ones charge 被掌管，由负责charge for 的收费free of charge 免费(2) vt.收费，要价；指控，控告；起诉；指责，谴责charge sb. some money for sth. 因某事而向某人收钱 charge sb. wit
27、h (doing) sth. 指控（控告、指责）某人（做了）某事10. advertise v. 为做广告；登广告advertise for 为征求 登广告advertisement n. 广告11. gargain n. & vi.(1) n. 协议；交易make a bargain with sb. About sth. 与某人就某事达成协议(2) n. 便宜货a good/bad bargain 交易合算 /不合算a real bargain 真便宜；便宜货(3) vi. (与某人就某事)讨价还价，讲条件Bargain with sb. Over/about/for sth.就某物与某人
28、讨价还价12. pick up(1) 捡起；拾起He picked up his hat and went away. 他拾起帽子，走开了。(2) 学会，获得（尤指偶然或无意中）She picked up French when she was in Paris. 在巴黎时，她学会了法语。(3) (用车 )去接The bus stopped to pick up the passengers. 公共汽车停下来搭载乘客。(4) 恢复（健康、精神） ；好转A bite of something might pick you up. 吃一点东西也许能使你振作起来。Business will pick
29、 up before summer. 夏天来到之前，生意将会好转。(5) 接收I picked up Radip Beijing last night. 昨晚我收听到了北京广播电台。(6) 使增加；加快The car is picking up speed. 汽车加速了。13. one after another 一个接一个地；陆续地【辨析】one after another 与 one by one易混词组 辨析 例句one after another 一个接一个地（强调连续性）The guests came out one after another. 客人们一个接一个地来了。one by
30、 one 一个一个地（强调一次一个） Do these exercises one by one.一道一道地做这些练习题。14. deserve v.（不用于进行时态）值得；应得；应受（报答或惩罚）to do 值得做 ，应该做 deservdoing/to be done 值得被做重点句子1. Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. 只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。2. Theres as much compe
31、tition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运会奖牌一样激烈。3. Its in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports. 跑步、游泳、划船和所有团体项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的。Unit 3 Computers重点单词和短语1. It took + 一段时间 + before +从句
32、过了一段时间后才7【拓展】It will (not) be + 时间段 + before + 从句（现在时）要过一段时间后才（用不了一段时间就） It was (not) be + 时间段 + before + 从句（过去时）过了一段时间后才（每过一段时间就）It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 还有半年你才从这所学校毕业。It was a long time before I understood what he did. 很长一段时间后我才理解他所做的事情。2. solve vt. 解决；解答【辨析】solv
33、e 与 settle易混词 辨析 例子solve “解决” ，侧重给出问题的答案a mystery/puzzle/problemsolve 解决谜团/字谜/问题difficulties 解决困难settle “解决” ，其对象通常是某种争端a matter/quarrel 解决事情 /争吵settlean argument/issue 解决争论/ 问题【单词积累】solution n. 解决，解答 solution to the problem 3. reality n. U 现实；真实； C 事实；实际经历；见过的事物face/accept reality 面对 /接受现实out of to
34、uch with reality 脱离现实with reality 真实地；逼真地in reality 实际上bring . Back to reality 使面对现实，不再抱有幻想become a reality 变成现实4. go by（时间）逝去，过去；走过，经过；（机会等）轻易错过5. as a result 因此，结果result from 由引起；起因于result in 导致，造成6. application n. 应用；用途；申请；请求make an application (to sb.) for (向某人)申请an application form 申请表【拓展】apply
35、 v. 应用；申请apply . to . 把应用到apply oneself to 致力于；集中精力于apply for 申请apply to . for . 向申请7. anyhow adv. （1） （转换话题、结束谈话或回到原话题时说）无论如何，反正Anyhow I dont like it. 反正我喜欢它。（2）而且，加之，反正I dont want to go out and anyhow it is raining.我不想出去，而且天又在下雨。（3）尽管，即使这样I am afraid we cant come, but thanks for the invitation any
36、how.恐怕我们来不了，不过还是感谢邀请。【注意】anyhow 作“无论如何；而且；即使如此”讲时，可与 anyway 互换；somehow 表示“以某种方式；不知怎么地” 7. goal n.（1）目标；目的set a goal 设定目标achieve/realize/attain/reach a goal 实现目标8（2）进球；得分；球门score a goal 得分（踢进一球）keep goal 守球门8. of high quality 高质量的“of + 修饰词（如 high, great, little, some, no 等）+ 抽象名词”结构除了用作定语，还常用作表语，相当于形
37、容词的作用。如：be of great value = be very valuablebe of great use = be very usefulbe of great interest = be very interesting9 give away 捐赠，赠送；分发，颁发；泄露，暴露10. in a way = in one/some way 在某种程度上【链接】in the way/in ones way 挡道，碍事in this/that way 以这种/ 那种方式in any way 在任何方面by way of 经由 in no way 绝不，一点儿也不（置于句首时，句子要用
38、部分倒装）11. arise vi. (arose, arisen) 出现；发生，产生；引起；产生arise from = result from 因 产生【辨析】arise, rise 与 raise易混词 词性 过去式、过去分词 词义 例句arise vi. arose, arisen 产生，发生；出现Most accidents arose from carelessness. 大部分事故是由疏忽大意引起的。rise vi. rose, risen 升起来，上升The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 太阳东升西落。raise vt.
39、 raised,raised 举起，使上升She raised her head and stared at them. 她抬起头盯着他们看。12. make up(1) 组成，构成（常与 of 连用，并用被动形式）Eleven players make up a football team. (= A football team is made up of eleven players.)11 名运动员组成一个足球队。(2) 编造，虚构I think theyre making up the whole thing.我认为整件事情是他们编出来的。(3) 化妆，打扮She spent two
40、hours making herself up before the party.她在参加聚会前用了两个小时化妆。(4) 弥补（常与 for 连用）Hard work can make up for the lack of intelligence. 勤能补拙。13. after all(1) 终究；归根结底（表示结果与预想的不同；常置于句尾）Im so sorry and I cant go with you after all. 对不起，我终究还是不能和你一起去。(2) 毕竟，别忘了(解释或说明理由，常置于句首 )Its not surprising the boy has got a s
41、tomachache. After all, he has eaten too much.那个男孩胃痛并不令人惊讶，别忘了，他吃得太多了。14. watch over 看管，照顾；看守，监视，守卫，保护【链接】“照顾”的多种表达take care of look after care for attend to see to重点句子1. I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. 9我发育缓
42、慢，差不多到了两百年之后，查尔斯巴比奇才将我制成了一台分析机。2. As time went by, I was made smaller. 随着时间的推移，我被弄得越来越小。3. Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me. 从 20 世纪 70 年代起，我又被开发出了很多新的用途。4. Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans with a life of high quality. 不管怎样，我的目标是给人类提供高质量的生活。5. The company has given it
43、s computers away to a local school. 该公司向当地一所学校捐赠了电脑。6. She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games.她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能动作编入我们的程序。7. In this way I can make up new moves using my “artificial intelligence”.这样，我就可以用我的“人工智能”编制出新的动作。8. It should also watch over my naug
44、hty niece, who comes to my house very often.它也应该看护我那淘气的外甥女，她经常到我家来。Unit 4 Wildlife protection重点单词和短语1. decrease v. & n.(1) v. 降低，减少， （使）变小/少in 在 方面减少from . to . 从减少到搭配：decrease to 减少到by 减少了(2) n. 减少，减少的数量(a/the) decrease in sth. 某物的减少on the decrease 在减少【单词积累】increase 增加2. die out (1)灭亡，灭绝This specie
45、s has nearly died out because its habitat is being destroyed.因栖息地正受到破坏，这一物种已濒临灭绝。(2)（风俗、习惯）逐渐消失Many old customs have died out because they are out of date.因为已经过时，许多旧的风俗已经消失。【辨析】die out, die away, die off 与 die down易混词组 辨析 例句die out （家族、物种等）死亡，灭绝；（风俗、习惯）逐渐消失Many old customs are gradually dying out. 许
46、多旧习俗正逐渐消失。die away （声音、光线、风等）逐渐平息、渐弱The wind had died away by dusk. 黄昏时风正逐渐减弱了。die off （家族、种族等）相继灭亡；（草木）先后枯死 The leaves of the tree are dying off. 树叶正相继枯死。die down（火、兴奋程度）渐弱，渐息；（=die away） （声音、光线等）变弱、消失The noise has died down. 喧闹声逐渐消失了。3. long to do sth. 渴望做某事4. respond to sth. 对某事做出反应/答复/ 回复，回答/应答=
47、reply to/answerrespond to . (with) （对）报以，回报【拓展】reponse n. 回答，答复；反应in response to 为回答，响应make (a) response to 回答，对 做出回应105. loss n. 损失；遗失；丧失suffer a loss (of) 蒙受（的）损失make up for the loss 弥补损失at a loss 不知所措，不知如何是好(be) lost in thought 陷入沉思6. hunt v. & n.(1) 打猎；猎取go hunting 去打猎(2) 搜寻hunt for 搜索，追寻，寻找hunt
48、 sp. for 为寻找搜索某地be on the hunt for 正在寻找，在寻求中【链接】“找，寻找”的多种表达法：hunt for, look for, search for, (be) in search of。7. in peace = peacefully 和平地；和睦地；安静地【链接】at peace 和平地；安静地（与 at war 相对）at peace/war with 与处于和平/ 交战状态make peace with 与讲和/和解8. in danger of 在危险中；垂危in danger 处于危险中，垂危 out of danger 脱离危险9. in relief 如释重负；松了口气【拓展】relief n.（痛苦或忧虑的）减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物to ones relief 令某人感到欣慰的是with relief 宽慰地give sb. (some) relief（稍微）减轻某人的痛苦10. burst into + n. 突然（进入某种状态） ；闯入burst in 闯入；突然出现；插嘴burst out 突然起来， 突然发生【注意】burst into 后跟名词，而
