1、1高中英语 必修 I 重点单词、短语和句型Unit 1 Friendship重点单词和短语1. add up 合计add up to 共计, 总计达addto. 往添加2. upset sb. 某人不安upset oneself about sth. 为某事而烦恼be upset at/about 因而烦恼3. ignore sb./sth. 忽视，不理会 be ignorant of/about 对无知，不了解ignorant adj. 无知的，愚昧的 ignorance n. 无知，愚昧4. calm vt.饥饿;寒冷;死亡sufferer n. 受苦者 suffering n. 痛苦,
2、苦难23. recover from illness 生病后恢复24. get/be tired of 对厌烦25. pack (sth.) up 将（东西）装箱打包26. get along / on withget along / on with sb. 与某人相处get along / on with sth. 某事进展get along / on well / nicely / badly with 与处得好 / 不好; 进展顺利 / 不顺利27. fall in love/ be in love (with sb.) 相爱，爱上（某人）28. join in sth. / doing
3、 sth. 参加活动 join in playing football 参加踢足球join in the game 参加游戏活动 join 参加组织团体 join the army 参军join sb. in 和 一起参加活动 join them in singing 与他们一起唱歌29. have trouble / difficulty / problem with sb. / sth. 和某人相处 / 做某事有困难have trouble / difficulty / problem (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难30. 虚拟语气should have done sth.
4、本应该做某事（而实际上没做）= ought to have done sth.shouldnt have done sth. 本不应该做某事（而实际上已做）could have done sth. 本来可以做某事（却未做）cant/ couldnt have done 不可能做过某事31. keep me spellbound 使我着迷 spellbinding adj. 是入迷的；迷人的 spellbound adj. 入迷的32. There was a time when .曾经有一段时间33. make an effort / efforts to do sth. 努力去做某事重点句子
5、1. Your friend comes to school very upset.2. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.3. she and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.4. I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown
6、 so crazy about everything to do with nature.5. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the songs of the birds, moon-light and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.6. It was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face7. Its no pleasure looki
7、ng through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced38. There is nothing wrong with you and this boy being friends and studying together.9. I still find it hard to make good friends with them 10. I would be grateful if you could give me some adviceUnit 2 English ar
8、ound the world重点单词和短语1. because of 因为(后接名词.代词.名词性从句) due to “由于”, 作表语或状语; thanks to “由于, 多亏”, 作表语或状语;owing to “由于 ”, 作表语或状语; as a result of “因为的结果”, 作状语;on account of “因为”, 作状语2. native adj. 本地的, 本国的 ones native land/country/language 故乡；祖国；母语a native speaker of English 以英语为母语的人 be native to（动植物）原产于某
9、地 n. 本地人；当地人；原产于某地的动植物 a native of Fuzhou 福州人3. official: adj 官方的；正式的an official language 一种官方语言 an official document 一份正式文件4. more than one + n. 不止一个 more than one kind of English 不止一种英语less than 少于 no more than 和一样不（两者都否定）more than 更多，超过 ；只能rather than 宁可，而不是more or less 或多或少 not more than 不如（前者不如
10、后者）；至多5. come up: 走上前来；被提出；（太阳、月亮）升起；发生（主语是物）He came up to me and said hello to me. come up with 想出，提出（主语是人）Your question came up at the meeting. come across 邂逅The sun has come up. come out 出来，出版，显现Ill let you know if anything comes up. come over 过来，顺便来访come up with a good idea: 想出一个好点子 come about 发
11、生6. basevt. 以为根据：base sth. on sth. 使以为依据 /基础base ones opinions on facts: 意见以事实为依据 be based on: 以为依据n. 基础：make London the base for revolutionary work 使伦敦成为革命工作的根据地basis n. 根据；基本原则on the basis of 在的基础上 the basis of/for your opinion 你的看法的依据7. present v. 赠送；呈现；介绍；描述present sth. to sb./present sb. with s
12、th. 向某人赠送/颁发/授予/介绍某物present sb. to sb. else 向某人介绍 /引见某人adj 现在的；到场的；出席的be present at the meeting 出席会议 the present situation 目前的形式at present/at the present time 目前；现在 everyone present 在场的各位(前置定语) 现在的；当前的present（后置定语）出席的；到场的for the present 眼下；暂时 n. 赠品；礼物8. vocabulary 词汇；词汇量with/have a large vocabulary:
13、 词汇量很大 increase/enlarge vocabulary 增加/扩大词汇（量）9. make use of 利用；使用 make full use of 充分利用make good use of 好好利用make little use of 不充分利用make the best (use) of 更好地利用；往好里做make the most of 更好地利用His progress in study lies in the good use he made of his spare timeWe should consider what use can be made of su
14、ch a material10. such as: 用于列举，往往不能把事物全部列出，可以以“名词（,）such as+被列举的事4物”和“such+名词+as+ 被列举的事物”形式出现Sweet food, such as chocolate can make you fat=Such sweet food as chocolate can make you fatno such thing 没有这样的事（1）若 such 与 no, all, most, some, any, another, many, much, a few, few, little, a little, severa
15、l, one 等词连用时，such 应置于这些词之后。（2）如果 so 与 many, much, few, little 等词连用时，so 应置于这些词之前。11. commandv. 命令；指令；掌握command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事command (that) sb. (should) do sth. （从句中谓语用虚拟语气）n. 命令;指令；掌握obey the captains commands 服从船长的命令 give a command 发布命令by sbs command 根据的命令 take the command of an army: 统帅/指挥
16、一支军队under the command of sb.=under sbs command 在的指挥下have a good command of English. 精通/熟练掌握英语12. request v. 请求，要求request sth. 要求/请求得到，索要某物 request sth. from sb. 向某人索要某物request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 = request that sb. (should) do sth.（从句中谓语用虚拟语气）Its requested that 从句 据要求 as requested 依据请求n. 要求，请求mak
17、e a request for sth. 要求/需要某物make a request that 从句，要求by request 应邀 at sbs request/at the request of sb.根据的请求13. play a part in 在中担任角色/ 起作用 play the part of sb 扮演某人的角色play an important/vital part/role in (doing) sth. 在中起重要/至关重要的作用play the leading role/part 起主要作用，起带头作用，演主角14. recognize vt. 识别；认出；承认（指原
18、来很熟悉，经过一段时间的间隔或别的原因又重新认出来）recognize sb./sbs voice. 认出某人/听出某人的声音recognize sth./that 从句 承认 recognize sth./sb. to be 承认某人是recognize sth./sb. as sth. 正式认可/接受某事/ 人为recognition n. 承认，认出 beyond/out of recognition 认不出来15. make sense 有道理；有意义；讲得通16. hold on 别挂(电话); 坚持17. direction n. 方向；指导；指示（常用复数） ；说明书【要点】用作
19、“方向；指导”时，与介词 in 或 from 搭配；用作“指示；说明书”时，则与 under 搭配。ask directions 问路 give directions 指路；给予指示 in the direction of 朝方向 from the direction of 来自方向in all directions = in every direction 向四面八方under the direction of sb.在某人的指导下under ones directionaccording to ones directions 根据某人的指示follow/ obey/ listen to o
20、nes direction 听从某人的指导18. put sth. down 写下；记下；镇压19. have fun with sth. 以为乐20. believe it or not 信不信由你（常用作插入语，也叫独立成分）重点句子1. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.2. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.3. By the 1
21、600s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.54. One reason is that English has a large vocabulary.5. Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.6. She told us to go around the corner on the left and keep going straight for two blocks.Unit 3 Travel
22、journal重点单词和短语1. transport n. 运输；运送the public transport of the city 城市公共运输系统 the transport of goods by air 空运货物in the process of/during transport/transportation 在运输过程中v运输；运送transport (from) to 把从运到transportation n. 运输 a means of transportation 一种运输方式2. prefer vt. 更喜欢 prefer coffee to tea. 更喜欢咖啡而不是茶p
23、refer doing to doing 更喜欢干而不愿干prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 宁愿干而不愿干prefer sb to do sth. 宁愿让某人做某事 prefer that sb (should) do 更宁愿某人干preference n. (两者之中) 较喜欢的东西；偏好；偏爱have a preference for 对 偏爱 have no particular preference 没有特别的偏好in preference to . 而不是；优先于3. ever since. 从那以后4. persuade vt. 说服；劝服
24、.persuade sb. to do sth.=persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做persuade sb. not to do sth. =persuade sb. out of doing sth.说服某人停止做；劝阻某人做persuade sb. of sth. 或 persuade sb. + that-clause 使某人相信某事persuasive adj. 有说服力的 persuasion n. 说服；劝说5. graduate. v. （自大学）毕业；获得学位graduate from 毕业于（学校）graduate in . 毕业于（专业）g
25、raduate sb. 授予某人学位或毕业文凭n. 毕业生：a high school graduate: 高中毕业生 a science graduate 理学士graduation n. 毕业（典礼） after/before graduation 毕业后/前6. schedule: n. 时间表；进度表 class schedule: 课程表ahead of schedule 较预定的时间提前on schedule 按照预定的时间，按时behind schedule 迟于预定的时间；拖后vt. 为安排时间schedule the meeting for that night 会议的时间定
26、在那天晚上be scheduled to do sth. 预定做某事7. be fond of (doing) sth.be into /crazy about (doing) sth. 喜爱（做）某事；对做某事感兴趣be interested in (doing) sth.8. organize. vt 组织；成立；安排；整理organize a football match 组织一场足球赛 organize your thoughts 整理你的思路organize sb. to do sth. 组织某人干某事9. care about 关心；忧虑；惦念care for 喜欢；照顾take
27、care 注意；担心take care of 照顾with care 小心；谨慎10. insist v. 坚决要求；主张insist on/upon doing sth. 坚持做某事 insist on/upon ones doing sth. 坚持要某人做某事insist that-clause 坚持认为；坚持说He insisted that he was right. 他坚持认为他是正确的。 （陈述语气）He insisted that he should be set free. 他坚决要求他被释放。 （虚拟语气）611. determine vt. risen) vi. 升高；增长
28、；站在；起床 n. 上升；上涨；增升；涨工资rise by 20% 增长了 20% rise to 200. 增长到 200rise from the chair 从椅子上站起来Early to bed and early to rise is good to your health 早睡早起对身体有好处ask for a rise 要求涨工资 get a rise 升级；涨工资17. run out of 从 跑出来；用光（不用被动 )18. think little/ nothing of 轻视；忽视；对 满不在乎think much/ highly of 重视；看重；对高度评价think
29、 of sb. as 把看作19. reach v. 延伸；达成（协议） ；得出结论；伸手够到某物；与取得联系The woods reaches as far as the river 森林延伸至河边reach an agreement 达成协议 reach a conclusion 得出结论reach him by telephone 用电话与他取得联系 reach out for sth 伸手去拿n. 够着；达到 out of the reach of sb. 在某人伸手够不着的地方within the reach of sb. 在某人伸手够得着的地方above/ beyond the r
30、each of sb. 超出某人的能力20. give out vt. 发出（光；热；气味） ；分发；发表；发布（消息）vi. 用尽；筋疲力尽21. It sounds/ looks/ feels/seems as if 听/看/ 感觉起来/看来好像22. in the open air 在户外23. offer/ send ones congratulations to sb. on sth. = congratulate sb. on sth. 向某人祝贺某事24. honor vt. 给予（某人）荣誉；使得到尊敬/ 荣誉n. 名誉；面子；敬意；引起尊敬的人或物honor sb. for
31、sth.=be honored for sth. 因某事而受到尊敬/表彰be/ feel honored to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸Its a great honor for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说很荣幸She is an honor to this profession. 她是这一行业的光荣。have the honor to do/ of doing sth. 有做某事的荣幸do sb. an/the honor of doing(sth.) 赏光 in honor of sb.=in sbs honor 为向表示敬意；为纪念25. without war
32、ning 在没有任何先兆的情况下26. the disaster-hit/stricken areas 受灾地区重点句子1. In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.2. It seems as if the world was at an end.3. Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.94. All hope was not lost.5. The army organized teams to dig out
33、 those who were trapped and to bury the dead.6. As you know, this is the day the quake happened thirty-four years ago.7. The man was sleeping downstairs when the earthquake happened.8. Your parents and your school should be very proud of you!Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero重点单词和短语1. quality. n. 质
34、量；品质；性质be of high good/ low/ poor quality 质量高/ 低a man of fine qualities: 一位有很多好品质的男子 the qualities of water 水的特性qualify v. 使具体资格（品质）2. mean adj. 吝啬的；自私；卑鄙的Its mean of sb. to do sth. 做某事真是太自私/ 卑鄙了be mean to sb. about/ over sth. 在某方面对某人很吝啬3. active. adj. 积极的；活跃的；主动的 be active in 在方面很积极/活跃take an activ
35、e part in 积极参与 leadlive an active life 过着积极的生活 active voice 主动语态 activity n. 活动4. devote vt. (与 to 连用) 献身；专心于devote . to . 把献给devote oneself to sth./ doing sth. 献身于，专心于；致力于be devoted to 致力于；专用于devote ones life/ time/ money/ energy to sth./ doing sth.把本人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于devoted. adj. 忠实的；深爱的；全心全意的a dev
36、oted friend 一位忠实的朋友 a devoted mother 一位贤妻良母5. principle n. 法则；原则；原理 in principle. 原则上；大致上stick to ones principles 恪守自己的原则 on the principle of 根据的原则against ones principle 违背某人的原则6. guidance n. 指导；领导guidance on sth. 对某事物的指导 offer guidance to sb. 给某人提供指导under/ with the guidance of sb. =under/ with sbs
37、guidance 在某人的指导下7. out of work=be out of a job 失业out of control 失去控制 out of patience 失去耐心out of reach 够不着 out of date 过时out of sight 看不见 out of money 钱花光out of mind 心不在焉 out of order 坏了；混乱8. vote vt 出事have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难make trouble 制造麻烦take great trouble to do sth 不辞辛苦做某事14. turn to
38、 求助于；致力于；转向；变成；转变到turn to sb. for help/ advice 向某人求助/救 turn to the left 向左转turn to page 20 翻到 20 页 turn to the English dictionary 查英文辞典give up medicine and turn to writing 放弃医学转向写作15. lose heart 丧失勇气或信心 lose face 丢脸 lose weight 减肥lose ones heart to 爱上；喜欢上 lose ones way 迷路lose oneself in 迷上 lose ones
39、 sight 失明 lose ones temper 发怒16. excape. vi & vt 逃脱；逃走；泄露escape punishment / being punished 逃避惩罚 escape from 从逃跑/脱n. 逃跑；逃脱 make ones escape 设法逃走 have a narrow escape 死里逃生；勉强逃脱17. come to power 当权；上台18. beg v. 请求；乞求 beg sb. to do sth. 乞求（某人）做某事beg sb. for sth. 向某人要某东西 Beg your pardon 请原谅；请再说一遍19. rew
40、ard n. 报酬；奖金 vt. 酬劳；奖赏reward sb. with sth. 用酬谢某人 reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因而酬谢某人in reward 作为报酬 as a reward for 作为的报酬（奖赏）give/ offer a reward to sb. for sth. 为某事而给某人奖赏20. set up a laboratory 建立一个实验室set up a fund for the Hope Project 为希望工程设立一项基金set out to do sth. 开始干；着手于 set out/ off for sp. 动身去某地s
41、et off 引爆，使爆炸，动身 set about doing sth 开始干（做）某事21. be sentenced to 被判处（徒刑）22.opinion n. 意见；看法；主张have a good/ bad/ high/ low opinion of sb./ sth. 对评价好/不好/高/ 低in ones opinion = in the opinion of sb. 以看来the opinion of/ about sth. 方面的意见/观点23. fight (fought, fought) vi & vt. 打仗；打架；与进行斗争或奋斗；对抗fight for 为而战f
42、ight against 为反对 而战；与作战（斗争）fight with 同斗争/ 同并肩作战fight back 还击；忍住fight with sb. about 因而和某人争吵24. be in prison 坐牢（强调状态） go to prison 去坐牢escape from prison 越狱send/ take sb. to prison 把某人送进监狱 put/ throw sb. into prison 把某人投进监狱25. be grateful to sb. for sth. 因某事而感激某人26. achieve vt. 完成，实现；达到（目的） ；赢得（名声）ac
43、hieve nothing 一无所获 achieve success/ victory 获得成功/胜利achieve ones purpose/ goal 达到目的 achieve ones aim/dream 实现目标/梦想achieve a good reputation 获得好的名声 achieve modernization 实现现代化achievement n. 成绩；业绩 achieveable adj.（事情）可完成的；可达到的重点句子1. However, this was a time when one had to have a passport to live in Jo
44、hannesburg.2. I worried about whether I would become out of work.3. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our right and progress.until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.4. We were put into a position in which we had either to accept we
45、 were less important, or fight the government.5. Only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.6. It was a prison from which no one escaped.117. He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep.8. They were not cleverer than me, but they did pass the exams.9. I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.
