1、中华人民共和国消防法（中英文）Fire Prevention Law of The Peoples Republic of China (Adopted at the Second Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National Peoples Congress on April 29, 1998 and promulgated by Order No. 4 of the President of the Peoples Republic of China on April 29, 1998) （1998 年 4 月 29 日第九
2、届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二次会议通过） Contents 目 录 Chapter I General Provisions 第一章 总 则 Chapter II Fire Prevention 第二章 火灾预防 Chapter III Fire Fighting Organizations 第三章 消防组织 Chapter IV Fire Extinguishment and Rescue 第四章 灭火救援 Chapter V Legal Liability 第五章 法律责任 Chapter VI Supplementary Provision 第六章 附 则 Chapter I Gen
3、eral Provisions 第一章 总 则 Article 1 This Law is enacted with a view to preventing fire and reducing fire damage, protecting the safety of citizens and the safety of public property and the property of citizens, maintaining public security and ensuring the smooth carrying out of the socialist moderniza
4、tion. 第一条 为了预防火灾和减少火灾危害，保护公民人身、公共财产和公民财产的安全，维护公共安全，保障社会主义现代化建设的顺利进行，制定本法。 Article 2 The policy of prevention first and combination of fire prevention and fire fighting should be implemented in fire prevention, the principle of combination of specialized organs and masses shall be adhered to and the
5、fire prevention safety responsibility system shall be practised. 第二条 消防工作贯彻预防为主、防消结合的方针，坚持专门机关与群众相结合的原则，实行防火安全责任制。 Article 3 Fire prevention work shall be under the leadership of the State Council and the responsibility of local peoples governments at all levels. Peoples governments at all levels sh
6、ould integrate fire prevention work into the national economic and social development plans and ensure that fire prevention work adapts to economic construction and social development. 第三条 消防工作由国务院领导，由地方各级人民政府负责。各级人民政府应当将消防工作纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，保障消防工作与经济建设和社会发展相适应。 Article 4 The department of public secur
7、ity under the State Council exercises supervision and administration over fire prevention work nationwide. Public security organs of local peoples governments at and above the county level exercise supervision and administration over fire prevention work within their respective administrative areas
8、and the fire fighting organs of public security organs of peoples governments at the corresponding levels shall be responsible for the implementation. Fire prevention work of military installations, underground portions of mines and nuclear power plants shall be under the supervision and administrat
9、ion of the units in charge of them. 第四条 国务院公安部门对全国的消防工作实施监督管理，县级以上地方各级人民政府公安机关对本行政区域内的消防工作实施监督管理，并由本级人民政府公安机关消防机构负责实施。军事设施、矿井地下部分、核电厂的消防工作，由其主管单位监督管理。 In case of separate provisions under laws and administrative regulations governing fire prevention work of forests and prairies, those provisions sha
10、ll be observed. 森林、草原的消防工作，法律、行政法规另有规定的，从其规定。 Article 5 All units and individuals have the obligation to maintain fire prevention safety, protect firefighting installations, prevent fire and report fire alarms. All units and adult citizens have the obligation to participate in organized firefighting
11、 work. 第五条 任何单位、个人都有维护消防安全、保护消防设施、预防火灾、报告火警的义务。任何单位、成年公民都有参加有组织的灭火工作的义务。 Article 6 Peoples governments at all levels should regularly conduct fire prevention publicity and education to raise citizens fire prevention awareness. 第六条 各级人民政府应当经常进行消防宣传教育，提高公民的消防意识。 Competent administrative departments of
12、 education, labour and others should integrate fire prevention knowhow into contents of teaching and training. 教育、劳动等行政主管部门应当将消防知识纳入教学、培训内容。 Press, publications, broadcasting, film, television and other competent departments concerned have the obligation to conduct fire prevention safety publicity a
13、nd education. 新闻、出版、广播、电影、电视等有关主管部门，有进行消防安全宣传教育的义务。 Article 7 Units and individuals having made outstanding contribution or prominent achievements in fire prevention work should be rewarded. 第七条 对在消防工作中有突出贡献或者成绩显著的单位和个人，应当予以奖励。 Chapter II Fire Prevention 第二章 火灾预防 Article 8 Municipal peoples governme
14、nts should integrate firefighting planning including firefighting safety layout, fire brigades, firefighting water supply, firefighting communications, passages for fire engines, firefighting equipment and other contents into overall city planning and be responsible for organizing competent departme
15、nts concerned in implementation. 第八条 城市人民政府应当将包括消防安全布局、消防站、消防供水、消防通信、消防车通道、消防装备等内容的消防规划纳入城市总体规划，并负责组织有关主管部门实施。公共消防设施、消防装备不足或者不适应实际需要的，应当增建、改建、配置或者进行技术改造。 Where there are inadequacies in public firefighting installations and firefighting equipment or they are not in a position to cope with actual req
16、uirements, there should be additional construction, reconstruction, deployment or technical transformation. 对消防工作，应当加强科学研究，推广、使用先进消防技术、消防装备。 Scientific research should be stepped up in fire prevention work and advanced fire prevention technology and firefighting equipment shall be extended and used.
17、 第九条 生产、储存和装卸易燃易爆危险物品的工厂、仓库和专用车站、码头，必须设置在城市的边缘或者相对独立的安全地带。易燃易爆气体和液体的充装站、供应站、调压站，应当设置在合理的位置，符合防火防爆要求。 Article 9 Plants, warehouses and specialpurpose railway stations and wharves producing, storing, loading and unloading inflammable or explosive hazardous goods must be located on the fringe of cities
18、 or in relatively independent safe belts. Filling stations, supply stations and pressure regulating stations of inflammable or explosive gases or liquids should be located in rational positions in line with the requirements for fire prevention and explosion prevention. For original plants, warehouse
19、s and specialpurpose railway stations and wharves producing, storing, loading and unloading inflammable or explosive hazardous goods, and original filling stations, supply stations and pressure regulating stations of inflammable or explosive gases or liquids not in line with the provisions of the pr
20、eceding paragraph, the units concerned should take measures to resolve the problems within the specified time period. 原有的生产、储存和装卸易燃易爆危险物品的工厂、仓库和专用车站、码头，易燃易爆气体和液体的充装站、供应站、调压站，不符合前款规定的，有关单位应当采取措施，限期加以解决。 Article 10 For a construction project the fire prevention design of which to be worked out pursuan
21、t to the state technical standards for fire prevention of engineering construction, the design unit should do the design pursuant to the state technical standards for fire prevention of engineering construction, and the construction unit should submit the blueprints and relevant information of fire
22、prevention design of the construction project to the public security firefighting department for examination and verification; for a construction project without undergoing examination and verification or failing to qualify upon examination and verification, the competent administrative department o
23、f construction must not issue the construction permit and the construction unit must not proceed with the construction. 第十条 按照国家工程建筑消防技术标准需要进行消防设计的建筑工程，设计单位应当按照国家工程建筑消防技术标准进行设计，建设单位应当将建筑工程的消防设计图纸及有关资料报送公安消防机构审核；未经审核或者经审核不合格的，建设行政主管部门不得发给施工许可证，建设单位不得施工。 The fire prevention design of a construction pr
24、oject examined and verified by the public security firefighting department that necessitates changes should be submitted to the original examining and verifying public security firefighting department for verification and approval; no unit or individual shall effect any change without verification a
25、nd approval. 经公安消防机构审核的建筑工程消防设计需要变更的，应当报经原审核的公安消防机构核准；未经核准的，任何单位、个人不得变更。 At the time of completion of a construction project the fire prevention design of which is worked out pursuant to the state technical standards for fire prevention of engineering construction, acceptance checks for fire prevent
26、ion must be carried out by a public security firefighting department; a project without completing acceptance checks or failing to qualify in acceptance checks must not be put into use. 按照国家工程建筑消防技术标准进行消防设计的建筑工程竣工时，必须经公安消防机构进行消防验收；未经验收或者经验收不合格的，不得投入使用。 Article 11 Fireprevention characteristics of co
27、nstruction structural components and construction materials must conform to state standards or trade standards. 第十一条 建筑构件和建筑材料的防火性能必须符合国家标准或者行业标准。 Public places in which noninflammable and hardtoburn materials should be used for their interior fixture and decoration pursuant to the stipulations of s
28、tate technical standards for fire prevention of engineering construction must select the materials that have passed the inspection by an inspection agency determined pursuant to the provisions of the Product Quality Law. 公共场所室内装修、装饰根据国家工程建筑消防技术标准的规定，应当使用不燃、难燃材料的，必须选用依照产品质量法的规定确定的检验机构检验合格的材料。 Article
29、 12 Public gathering places such as song and dance halls, cinemas and theatres, guest houses, hotels, markets and country fairs should, prior to going into operation or opening for business, submit an application to the local public security firefighting department and may go into operation or open
30、for business upon passing the fire prevention safety inspection. 第十二条 歌舞厅、影剧院、宾馆、饭店、商场、集贸市场等公众聚集的场所，在使用或者开业前，应当向当地公安消防机构申报，经消防安全检查合格后，方可使用或者开业。 Article 13 For holding of activities of a mass character such as large gatherings, evening parties with fireworks and lantern parties with danger of fire, s
31、ponsoring units should work out contingency plans for firefighting and emergency evacuation with fire prevention safety measures in place, submit an application to the public security firefighting department and may hold such activities only upon passing the fire prevention safety inspection of the
32、sites of the activities by the public security firefighting department. 第十三条 举办大型集会、焰火晚会、灯会等群众性活动，具有火灾危险的，主办单位应当制定灭火和应急疏散预案，落实消防安全措施，并向公安消防机构申报，经公安消防机构对活动现场进行消防安全检查合格后，方可举办。 Article 14 Organs, societies, enterprises and institutions should fulfil the following fire prevention safety responsibilities
33、: 第十四条 机关、团体、企业、事业单位应当履行下列消防安全职责： (1) working out fire prevention safety rules and fire prevention safety operational procedures; （一）制定消防安全制度、消防安全操作规程； (2) practising the fire prevention safety responsibility system and determining the responsible persons for fire prevention safety of the units and
34、their subordinate departments and positions; （二）实行防火安全责任制，确定本单位和所属各部门、岗位的消防安全责任人； (3) conducting fire prevention publicity and education among workers and staff members in the light of the characteristics of the units; （三）针对本单位的特点对职工进行消防宣传教育； (4) organizing fire prevention inspection to remove the h
35、idden peril of fire in time; （四）组织防火检查，及时消除火灾隐患； (5) deploying firefighting facilities and equipment, putting up fire prevention safety signs pursuant to relevant state provisions, and organizing inspection and maintenance at regular intervals to ensure that firefighting facilities and equipment are
36、 in perfect condition and effective; （五）按照国家有关规定配置消防设施和器材、设置消防安全标志，并定期组织检验、维修，确保消防设施和器材完好、有效； (6) ensuring that evacuation channels and safety exits are unblocked and putting up signs for fire prevention safety evacuation in keeping with the state provisions; （六）保障疏散通道、安全出口畅通，并设置符合国家规定的消防安全疏散标志； Man
37、agement units of residential areas for inhabitants should, pursuant to the relevant provisions of the preceding paragraph, fulfil fire prevention safety responsibilities and do a good job in fire prevention safety work in residential areas. 居民住宅区的管理单位，应当依照前款有关规定，履行消防安全职责，做好住宅区的消防安全工作。 Article 15 Col
38、lective dormitories for workers must not be located in buildings with workshops and warehouses therein. 第十五条 在设有车间或者仓库的建筑物内，不得设置员工集体宿舍。 Collective dormitories for workers already located in buildings with workshops or warehouses therein should be resolved within the specified time period. Where ther
39、e are actual temporary difficulties, necessary fire prevention safety measures should be taken and the dormitories may continue to be used upon approval of the public security firefighting department. 在设有车间或者仓库的建筑物内，已经设置员工集体宿舍的，应当限期加以解决。对于暂时确有困难的，应当采取必要的消防安全措施，经公安消防机构批准后，可以继续使用。 Article 16 Firefight
40、ing departments of public security organs of local peoples governments at or above the county level should determine the units that have greater probability of outbreak of fire and that may suffer major casualties or major losses of property in case of fire as key units for fire prevention safety wi
41、thin their respective administrative areas and submit the same to the peoples governments at the corresponding levels for the record. 第十六条 县级以上地方各级人民政府公安机关消防机构应当将发生火灾可能性较大以及一旦发生火灾可能造成人身重大伤亡或者财产重大损失的单位，确定为本行政区域内的消防安全重点单位，报本级人民政府备案。 Key units for fire prevention safety should, in addition to performan
42、ce of the responsibilities prescribed in Article 14 of this Law, fulfil the following fire prevention safety responsibilities: 消防安全重点单位除应当履行本法第十四条规定的职责外，还应当履行下列消防安全职责： (1) establishing fire prevention files, determining key positions in fire prevention safety, putting up fire prevention signs and ex
43、ercising strict control; （一）建立防火档案，确定消防安全重点部位，设置防火标志，实行严格管理； (2) carrying out daily fire prevention patrol and inspection and establishing patrol and inspection records; （二）实行每日防火巡查，并建立巡查记录； (3) conducting fire prevention safety training among workers and staff members; and （三）对职工进行消防安全培训； (4) formu
44、lating contingency plans for firefighting and emergency evacuation, and organizing firefighting exercises at regular intervals. （四）制定灭火和应急疏散预案，定期组织消防演练。 Article 17 Units and individuals that produce, store, transport and sell or use and destroy inflammable or explosive hazardous goods must observe t
45、he relevant state provisions for fire prevention safety. 第十七条 生产、储存、运输、销售或者使用、销毁易燃易爆危险物品的单位、个人，必须执行国家有关消防安全的规定。 Units that produce inflammable or explosive hazardous goods should enclose with the products directions indicating such data as the ignition point, flash point and explosion limit and anno
46、tate points for attention in fire prevention and explosion prevention. Independently packed inflammable or explosive hazardous goods should be stuck and enclosed with hazardous goods labels. 生产易燃易爆危险物品的单位，对产品应当附有燃点、闪点、爆炸极限等数据的说明书，并且注明防火防爆注意事项。对独立包装的易燃易爆危险物品应当贴附危险品标签。 Relevant state provisions for fi
47、re prevention safety must be observed in entering sites producing and storing inflammable or explosive hazardous goods. It is prohibited to bring kindling material along in entering sites producing and storing inflammable or explosive hazardous goods. It is prohibited to bring inflammable or explosi
48、ve hazardous goods illegally into public places or on board public transports. 进入生产、储存易燃易爆危险物品的场所，必须执行国家有关消防安全的规定。禁止携带火种进入生产、储存易燃易爆危险物品的场所。禁止非法携带易燃易爆危险物品进入公共场所或者乘坐公共交通工具。 Relevant state provisions for fire prevention safety must be observed in the management of warehouses storing inflammable materia
49、ls. 储存可燃物资仓库的管理，必须执行国家有关消防安全的规定。 Article 18 Use of open fire in sites with peril of fire and explosion is prohibited; in case of extraordinary circumstances that necessitate the use of open fire in operations, formalities of examination and approval should be completed in advance pursuant to provisions. Operators should adhere to fire prevention safety rules and adopt corresponding fire prevention safety measures. 第十八条 禁止在具有火灾、爆炸危险的场所使用明火；因特殊情况需要使用明火作业的，应当按照规定事先办理审批手续。作业人员应当遵守消防安全规定，并采取相应的消防安全措施。 Operators of electric welding and gas welding with peril of fire and opera
