1、中国农业科学院考博英语真题 2001 答案解析Part One Listening Comprehension（略）Part Two Vocabulary21.A 译文：尽管这场足球比赛不是很有趣，但解说员努力地将它解说得有趣。解析：commentator 解说员，评论员；newscaster 新闻广播员；announcer 宣告者，广播员；presenter 主持人，发言者。22.D 译文： 国家的矿产资源已经被外强开采了。 解析：disuse 停止使用；deprive 使丧失，剥夺；extort 勒索，敲诈；exploit 开采，开发。 23.C 译文：爱管闲事的主管要看最近的广告活动后的
2、销售额。 解析：固定搭配，sales amounts 销售额24.B 译文：他靠修复旧画谋生。 解析：revive 复兴，复活；restore 恢复，修复；retrieve 检索，重新得到；renew 更新。25.C 译文：如果不引入更加严厉的狩猎法律，海豹将会灭绝。解析：out-dated 过时的； archaic 陈旧的；extinct 灭绝的，灭种的；obsolete 废弃的。 26.A 译文：通货膨胀使得贫穷的人生活艰难。解析：means 在这里指的是“财产” ， of scare means 缺钱的，穷的；impoverished 贫穷的；introduced 引入的；inserte
3、d 插入的。 27.C 译文：已经引进了新的质量控制体系来克服产品的缺陷。解析：install 安装；inaugurate 举行就职典礼；introduce 引进，引入；insert 插入。28.A 译文：让出版商给你送来英语课本的最新目录。 解析：catalogue 商品目录；prospectus 计划书；brochure 小册子；pamphlet 小册子。29.D 译文：寄出之前别忘了把信封上。解析：固定搭配，seal the letter 封信，seal 密封，盖章。30.D 译文：他在抽烟，我看到烟头在黑暗中闪耀这一丝火星。 解析：sparkling 闪闪发光的；glistening
4、白花花的； sharpening 打磨的；glowing 闪耀着的，发光的。31.C 译文：尽管店老板没有这个义务，但他还是免费替换掉了坏电池。解析：固定词组，under no obligation 没有义务。32.B 译文：他认为核弹只能由专家组配的观念是一个危险而普遍的错误观念。 解析：deception 欺骗； misconception 错误观念或想法；misjudgment 估计错误；fiction 虚构。33.C 译文：我不知道你指的是什么。 解析：固定搭配，havent the faintest idea 不知道。34.C 译文：当我的车在荒凉的沼泽地抛锚时，我便陷入了前不着村后
5、不着店的困境中了。解析：grounded 接地的，有基础的；wrecked 失事的； stranded 陷入困境的；unloaded空载的。 35.B 译文：控诉罗伯特的案子因缺乏证据被撤消了。 解析：dismiss a case 撤销案件；discard 丢弃；eliminate 消除。36.B 译文：在急救科，我弟弟的伤得到了治疗。解析：cure heal treat 都有治疗的意思，但 injury 常与 heal 连用，cure 和 treat 后常接具体的疾病。37.B 译文：出席音乐会的人超过了所有的预期。解析：overtake 赶上，超车； surpass 超过；overrun
6、跑过头了；excel 胜过，为不及物动词，后面不可以直接加宾语。38.A 译文：最近的经济危机导致世界贸易变得不景气了。解析：slump 经济的衰退，不景气； sag 松弛，下垂；droop 下垂，消沉；tilt 倾斜。39.D 译文：为什么我们总要这么激烈的讨论政治呢解析：固定搭配，a heated argument 激烈的争论。40.D 译文： 我完全不记得之前见过他。解析：固定搭配，have no recollection of 不记得。41.C 译文：吸烟会引起很多疾病已成为既定的事实。 解析：resolved 已经解决的；declared 公然的；established 确定的，既成
7、事实；approved 被认可的。42.A 译文：我已经获得任命了，条件是我要通过体检。 解析：condition to 条件； provisional 临时的；subject 受制于的；confirmatory 证实的。43.B 译文：每当我们计划去野餐时，天总是下雨。 解析：steadily 稳定地；invariably 总是，无不；unavoidably 不可避免地；interminably无限地。 44.D 译文：全体员工都痛恨改变上班时间。解析： disregard 忽视；object 反对，拒绝；grudge 吝惜，妒忌；resent 怨恨，不满。45.B 译文：很多报纸都存在明显
8、的右翼倾向。 解析：固定词组，right-wing bias 右翼倾向。Part Three Reading ComprehensionsPassage one46.答案 C解析：第三段提到 One of them is reported to have said, with reference to English houses, he knew no nation which talked so much about the weather and did so little about it.，由此句可知在英国人们经常讨论天气但针对天气变化作出的行动缺少，而这样做的目的并非是为了传递信息
9、，而是打破谈话中的沉寂。故 C 符合。47.答案 D解析：第四段 small talk” is usually a necessary preliminary to deeper human relationships and more serious conversation，可知这些小话题在交流中的重要性，所以根据四个选项的内容，只有 D“它是我们传递思想的最重要的方式之一 ”符合。48.答案 A解析：根据第四段 however, one may entertain a business acquaintance and his wife to dinner without wishing
10、 to make them bosom friends for life，And in this case we need a form of language which is too intimate and does not commit the other partly unduly.可知答案为 A。49.答案 D解析：第五段提到“Many people become unnecessarily anxious on social occasions because they do not recognize this function of language and feel tha
11、t they will find themselves out of their depth.人们在社交场合紧张的原因在于他们不懂得语言的功能和怕自己无法理解别人所说的话。 ”根据此意，只有 D 符合。50.答案 B解析：第五段的 As a matter of fact, the topics which the majority of people discuss have a reassuring ordinariness 这句话之后，作者提到了人们经常谈论的这些话题，通过作者所列出的这些话题，我们可分析出这些话题都是生活中很常见，很无聊的话题。所以答案为 B。Passage two51.
12、答案 A解析：第一段 The first was hailed as a way of ennobling human beings by substituting steam and electrical power for their muscles，可知第一次工业革命的主要特征就是蒸汽机和电源的使用。52.答案 B解析：第一段 In the second revolution the multiplication of “things” came about-“things” that at last could be mass-produced,可知答案为 B。53.答案 C解析：根据
13、第二段的第一句 A third revolution was the tremendous growth in industrial chemistry，可知答案为 C。54.答案 A解析：三次供应革命带来的负面影响分别是“brought with it side effects including air pollution-” “Thus was generated the solid-waste problem.” “they have upset the little-understood ecological balance, and have polluted and poison
14、ed the waters.”分析知这三种影响都属于污染问题。所以答案为 A。55.答案 解析：根据文章提到的第四次工业革命“I believe we must base the next industrial revolution-a planned one-on the thesis that there is no such thing as waste, that waste is simply some useful substance that we do not yet have the wit to use.”可知 ABC 的内容均属于下一次工业革命应该具备的特征。所以答案为
15、D。Passage three56.答案 D解析：这是一道细节题。文章第三段最后一句话指出：大体上，科学幻想的基本作用和散文很相似，也就是说，它与所有其他的小说和短篇故事都有许多共同点。这与 D 项之意相符。应选 D。57.答案 A解析：第一段的第一句话提到“Many people seem to think that science fiction is typified by the covers of some of the old pulp magazines”，根据“many people”可知这种观点是很普遍的。所以 A “popular”符合。58.答案 C解析：这是一道主旨题。
16、本文主要说明了科幻小说的定义，介绍了它的特点、主题，指出它同其他文学作品很相似。选项中只有 C 可以表达此意。应选 C。59.答案 B解析：第三段的最后一句“that is, it shares a great deal with all other novels and short stories科幻小说的主题与很多其他小说的主题是一样的。 ”所以答案为 B。60.答案 D解析：这是一道推论题。文章最后一句话说：人们阅读、欣赏科幻小说的原因以及他们研究、分析科幻小说的方法与人们阅读、欣赏、研究和分析任何其他故事或小说的原因和方法是基本一致的。由此可知：能欣赏散文也就能欣赏科幻小说。只有 D
17、的推论结果符合文章的意思。应选 D。Passage four61.答案 C解析：根据第三段提到的“individual demand concerns the individual consumer 和 Market demand includes the demand of all individuals”，可推知市场是由个人组成的，所以一群人就会形成一个市场，即 C。62.答案 C解析：第一段提到 But the increase in quantity demanded does not mean demand has increase,和最后一段 Governments enforce
18、s enforce the “rules of the game,” impose taxes, and may control prices through price ceilings or price supports. These actions necessarily may create shortages or surpluses.分析这两句话可知需求数量和需求没有必然的关系，所以 AB 不对；第二句“政府通过征税、控制最高价格和价格补贴会导致需求或供应的短缺和过剩，所以 C 中“imposes a price ceiling on gasoline”符合。63.答案 C解析：最
19、后一段讲到政府对市场的干预会导致市场的不平衡，但又少有人对政府对经济的干预有争议。此外我们知道社会主义实行的是对企业经济进行控制和干预政策的。所以根据这种矛盾，可推知社会主义成就的复杂。64.答案 B解析：根据最后一段“These actions necessarily may create shortages or surpluses.”可知政府的干预会导致市场的紧缺和剩余，即一种不平衡状态，也就是 B “disequilibrium 失调，不平衡” 。65.答案 C解析：第一段提到“The layman, for example, often uses the term to mean t
20、he amount that is demanded of an item. Thus if the price were to decrease and individuals wanted more of the item外行人认为需求的意思是对某一物品的数量的需求，即当价格下降时人们对这个物品的购买量会增加” 。根据此意，可知大多数人对“demand”的理解是“希望用少的钱买到更多的东西” ，也即是 C“a desire to acquire more for less”。Part Four WritingThe Internet and Our LifeNowadays, the In
21、ternet has played an important role in our life. The phenomenon has become a heated topic in our society. “Surf the Internet “has become one popular phrase for recent years. We can way that the Internet and our life have been closely related to each other.There is no doubt that the Internet has many
22、 advantages. As far as I am concerned, the Internet has the following advantages. First and foremost, a great advantage of the Internet is the amount of information which it contains. Information that used to be limited to regional distribution via newspaper and television is now available to all of
23、 us, as long as we use the search engines and the World-Wide-Web to search it. Secondly, the Internet has brought about digitalization of media. Decades ago, we just sit before a small black and white TV set to watch tedious programs. While now we can watch many interesting programs with grand and s
24、pectacular scenes. Last but not the least; the Internet has increased communication among people. For example, companies around the world now use the Internet to trade with each other. We can hardly imagine that how company could be done without the Internet. People use it to exchange greetings, have a chat or even play games with others on the other side of the world. Distance is no longer a problem in the Internet world.The Internet is becoming more and more important, and its effect on our life is unavoidable and significant.
