1、Unit OneKey to Extended Reading Skills Practice1. 直接定义 bilingual: 会说两种语言的 2. 近义复述 attribute: 特质，才能3. 对比和比较表达 litter: 狼崽 4. 举例表达 ravenous: 饿极了5. 解释说明 procrastinating: 拖延；耽搁 6. 构词法 unforeseeable: 不能预见7. 常识 trays: 托盘或盘子Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice1. 我没有数学方面的天赋。 （原文中的 head 本来是“头脑”的意思，但是可以
2、引申为“对数学没有天赋” 。 ）2. 男孩兴奋得眼睛睁得圆圆的。3. 这对双胞胎兄弟毫不相似，科林个子高而且很活跃，约翰个子矮而且老成。4. 激光的妙处就在于它能进行机械加工而不必实际接触所加工的材料。5. 这里为国内市场生产了许多产品。6. 松树的树根在石缝间扎下去。Key to Extended Writing Skills and Practice1) The ability to write well-organized, concise paragraphs is essential to a students success in almost all university cou
3、rses. （Topic Sentence）In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiments, a student must present his or her findings in logical order and clear language in order to receive a favorable evaluation of his work. In writing successful answers to essay questions on history or anthropology examinat
4、ions, a student must arrange the relevant facts and opinions according to some accepted pattern of paragraph structure. And certainly in writing a book report for English, or a critique for political studies, or a term paper for sociology, a student must pay attention to the style and organization a
5、s well as the content. (Developing sentences) Clearly, skill in expository writing is crucial to successful achievement in most university subjects. (Concluding sentence)2) This term several useful and interesting courses have been offered. （Topic Sentence） An introduction to European Culture, for i
6、nstance, gives us a lot of background knowledge of the history of European philosophy, literature, and arts. From time to time we see slide shows of famous paintings and hear tapes of famous pieces of music, and they make the lectures all the more interesting. American Society and Culture is another
7、 course that attracts a large audience. The teacher, who visited the United States not long ago, discusses new trends and changes in American life as well as American history and traditions. (Developing sentences) We like these and other courses very much, because they help us not only to improve ou
8、r English but also to broaden our vision. (Concluding sentence)Key to Review and Test （1）Part I Writing(略) Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）1-7 B C C A A B B8. reminds 9. accounting for 10. total emissionPart III. Listening Comprehension11-25 CDBAC CCBBA BCACB 26-35 BCABB DCBAD36
9、 last 37 largest 38 educate 39 present 40 single 41 officials 42 celebrated 43 attend 44 The fair provides a chance for the farming communities to show its skills and faming products. 45 Today, children and adults at the fair can play new computer games, or attend more traditional games of skill. 46
10、 because people need to remember that theyre connected to the earth and its products, Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)47-56 D B E I J K O M A H57-61 CBDCA 62-66 CBBDCPart V. Cloze67-76 ACBCA DBACA 77-86 DDABC DDBBAPart VI. Translation87 at the expense of his health 88 were overtaken
11、 by bad weather89 take the engine apart 90 a family who cant communicate with each other91 At this rate, well soon be bankruptUnit TwoKey to Extended Reading Skills Practice1microphone autobiography invisible postdoctoral unbreakable forecast incapable interdepartmental incorrect disagree trans-Atla
12、ntic disability irregular misunderstand superpower telescope overestimated unnatural 2 recommendation persistence imagination physicist creativity leadership purification musician curiosity cultural modernization childhood/childish simplicity/simplistic dangerous marriage hopefully specialize develo
13、pment Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice1 妈妈为了挣足够的钱让我接受教育，经常承担额外的工作。2 许多人喜欢购买高质量的东西。3 赫尔曼爱因斯坦给阿尔伯特带了个小玩意儿，正是这个小玩意儿激发了他的智力。4 大多数父母所关注的事是为他们的孩子尽可能提供最佳教育。5 你必须服从我的一切命令。6 玛丽尽管经历了艰难困苦，却从未放弃对知识的追求。Key to Extended Writing Skills Practice1 It was a busy morning for Sandy. After getting up, Sandy wa
14、lked into the bathroom and turned on the shower. Then she grabbed the soap and washed thoroughly, including her hair. After her shower, Sandy brushed her hair, put on her old, green T-shirt and some jeans. Then she put on her makeup and went to the kitchen. As usual, she didnt know what to have for
15、breakfast, so she grabbed a glass of milk and ate a piece of toast while standing by the sink. Just then, her mother, Jane, entered the kitchen. 2 (略)Key to Review and Test （2）Part I. Writing (略)Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）1-7 N N Y NG N Y N8. had been passed 9. remain perma
16、nently 10. recommendationPart III. Listening Comprehension11-25 CABAC BDDDC BDABA 26-35 ACBAC DACDA36 different 37 scientist 38 investigate 39 further 40 reasonable 41 confirmed 42 questions 43 knowledge 44 There is no room for half right or right just half the time45 the scientist observes in a dem
17、onstration must be explained by the changes in the conditions 46 who developed the theory of relativity, arrived at this theory through mathematicsPart IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)47-56 K C B A N G D H E F 57-61 DABDA 62-66 ADDBAPart V. Cloze67-76 BADBD ABCCA 77-86 BDACA DBCCAPart VI
18、. Translation87 will convince you to change your mind 88 can theory be separated from practice 89 she write her feelings down on paper 90 Taking his inexperience into account/ consideration91 try to adjust to cold weather in winter Unit ThreeKey to Extended Reading Skills PracticeWal-marts main disc
19、ount operation in April began selling the chest freezers in half of its 2,600 stores, while most of its stores sell at least one of two versions of compact refrigerators made by Haier.“When those college kids using our little refrigerators grow up and marry, we want them to be thinking of us for the
20、ir first fridge,” said Michael Jemal, Haier Americas president, who was Haiers first US distributor before setting up the unit in 1999.Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice1 他醒来的时候，她就像平时那样望着他。2 他越是想要掩盖他的错误，就越是容易暴露。3 双方均不得无故解除合同。4 我把手放进口袋。5 我花了很长时间才到了医院。6 冬天，北方的天气比南方冷得多。7 当教员的应当有耐心。8 作为学生，我们应该投
21、入到学习中。Key to Extended Writing Skills Practice1 Topic Sentence: In his will, Alfred Nobel left specific instructions as to how the winners of the science awards he endowed are to be selected.Listing Signals: first; second; next; finallySteps: 1. First, to solicit (征求) nearly two thousand recommendati
22、ons from all over the world. 2. Second, to review the recommendations received and select the preliminary candidates.3. Next, to make the final choices for each discipline.4. Finally, to send telegrams to inform the new Nobel laureates of their awards.2 The correct order is: 1 3 7 2 6 5 4 83 (略)Key
23、to Review and Test （3）Part I. Writing (略)Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）1-7 ADCDB BA8. less expensive metals 9. has been invested 10. commitmentPart III. Listening Comprehension11-25 BDBBC BBCBA CCBAD 26-35 ACBAC DACDA36 entertainment 37 regular 38 whether 39 weekends 40 famili
24、es 41 beginning 42 controlled 43 networks 44 by trying to present programs with wide popular appeal45 the higher the network can charge a company for commercials during the program 46 Cable television companies sell television programming directly to the public Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Readin
25、g in Depth)47. Having a cafe on seemingly every street corner in America.48. a good sign49. 1500.50. Only on luxury goods website G. 51. hold a metallic gift card in their hand 52-56 ADDBA 57-61 BCADC Part V. Cloze62-71 DBCAA CBADC 72-81 DABCD AABBC Part VI. Translation82 American mothers have long
26、believed 83 Compared with many others84 beyond our imagination/ more than we can imagine 85 a massive ad campaign to promote its air-conditioner sales86 nothing is more attractive to me than music Unit FourKey to Extended Reading Skills Practice1. He believes in Catholicism.2. Many religious leaders
27、 criticize his cloning plan as an offence to human dignity, while other scientists are supporting him.3. It seemed that the pressure is increasing.4. Without thinking about it carefully, they began to run a risk.5. If their natural senses are wrong, the negative reaction to cloning could be a disast
28、er.Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice1. 火箭已经用来探索宇宙。2. 仔细研究原文，你会翻译得更好。3. 他吃得饱睡得香。4. 他全家都是虔诚的教徒。5. 医生们说他们不敢肯定能否救得了他的命。6. 在他们看来，他就是绝对权威的化身。Key to Review and Test (4)Part I. Writing (略)Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）1-7 B C A A B B C8. development of treatments and cures 9
29、. moral value and ethical principles.10. political and religiousPart III. Listening Comprehension11-25. CCBDB ADDBD DBBDB 26-35. DABCA BDABD36 origin 37 unlike 38 communicate 39 signs 40 represent 41 power 42 associations 43 filled 44 the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of ou
30、r past; 45 but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. 46 He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which can move men to tears by their position and association. Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)47-56 C I G M F K B
31、N A J57-61 CADCA 62-66 CBCDDPart V. Cloze67-76 ACCDA BCBCA 77-86 DBDCA CABADPart VI. Translation87. shot to fame88. find the cure for colds. 89. keep bird flu at bay.90. Like it or not91. several real estates to his nameKey to Midterm TestPart I. Writing (略)Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming an
32、d Scanning）1-7 ADCDB BA8. a negative thought 9. more severe and surprising 10. get divorcedPart III. Listening Comprehension11-25 DCBCB BCC AB DCADA 26-35 DCAAC DACDB36 changed 37 Experiments 38 researchers 39 thoughts 40 Educational 41 various 42 operations 43 broadcast 44 With the development of s
33、cience and technology, the problem of how to telecast them in full color was solved45 The programs that people watch are not only local and national ones. 46 the first astronauts to land on the moon televised their historic “moon walk” to viewers on the earthPart IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading i
34、n Depth)47-56 K C B A N G D H E F 57-61 DABDA 62-66 ADDBAPart V. Error Correction67 withfor 68 to 69 frustrating frustrated 70 writing written71 maximum minimum 72 particular particularly 73 except beside74 in with 75 indicates indicate 76 basically basicPart VI. Translation77 It is known to all78 m
35、ake up for the loss caused by the big fire79 cant have seen him in the office80 there being a chance for him to be sent abroad very soon81 keep pace with the rapid changes of societyUnit FiveKey to Extended Reading Skills Practice1 1-8: CCDDB CAD2 1.递进 2.对照 3. 转折 4. 因果 5.例证6.让步 7. 总结 8.顺序 9.强调 10. 概
36、括 Key to Extended Translating Skills Practice1. 今天的教师懂得，他们给孩子们上课节奏要快，而且还要有情趣，因为这些孩子是在看电视和玩电脑游戏的环境中长大的。2. 首相决心改革一种政治制度。这个制度有时看来似乎只适合搞搞筹款那一套，而不解决实际问题。3. 他们对这些酬劳看来是很得意的，这些酬劳是他们历经千辛万苦，通过取得许可多次令人难以置信的胜利得来的。4. 这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家得出结论：政府要向科研机构提出的具体要求通常是无法详尽预见的。5. 我谨代表所有美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待，中国人民以这种
37、盛情款待而闻名世界。6. 我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点：Key to Extended Writing Skills and Practice1Increasing your vocabulary can help you in a number of ways. (1)Knowing synonyms(同义词), for example, will enable you to avoid unnecessary repetitions in your compositions and thus make them interestin
38、g to read. (2)Also, an increased vocabulary will make your own reading more enjoyable. You will find it much easier to follow the ideas in your story textbook or the newspaper. (3)Furthermore, with a large vocabulary, you can talk more freely. Whatever company you are in, you will find that you are
39、able to hold the interest of your listeners. Therefore, you must enlarge your vocabulary if you want to communicate with others more effectively.2 (略)Key to Review and Test （5）Part I. Writing (略)Part II. Reading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）1-7 ADBABCA8. is an increase 9. has been a failure/h
40、as failed 10. are faced with/are facing/face harsh budget cuts Part III. Listening Comprehension11-25 CCCBB CCBCC BDBCB 26-35 BCCBB CADCB36. complicated 37. public 38. average 39. following 40. consensus 41. ranks 42. District 43. analyst 44. it ranks 42nd in the proportion of pupils who graduate 45
41、. must have decided to reduce the investment in its children and to rearrange resources to such things as prisons.46. For a state that sees itself as a pioneer of the global “knowledge economy”, that seems unreasonable.Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)47-56 B L D M N F O H I J57-61 C
42、BACD 62-66 BDBDCPart V. Cloze67-76 ACBDA ADBCB 77-86 CDDAA BBCDCPart VI. Translation87 confuse the twins88 Hang on at your present job 89 did not escape him90 until he informed me91 may have to resort to forceUnit SixKey to Extended Reading Skills Practice1.占重要地位 2. 新手 3. 他的经济实力 4. 缺劳力 5. 将我卷入事件中Key
43、 to Extended Translating Skills Practice1. 那天，总统会见了她的父亲，因为她的父亲即将乘航天飞机去登月。2. 他会想念很多事和很多人，包括简。3. 我到达峰顶时很兴奋。4. 楼下有人找你。5. 二战在 1945 年四月结束了。Key to Extended Writing Skills Practice1. 1) Contrast 2) Contrast 3) Comparison 4) Comparison 5) Contrast2. (略)Key to Review and Test （6）Part I. Writing (略)Part II. R
44、eading Comprehension（Skimming and Scanning）1-7 C B B A D C A 9. conform to 9. location 10. understandingPart III. Listening Comprehension11-25 CBCBD BCBBC BBCAD 26-35 DBDBD ABCCD36 declared 37 individuals 38 estimated 39 majority 40 attend 41 studies 42 efforts 43 illiterate 44 To learn his system,
45、people must first know how to write letters of the alphabet and learn which sounds they represent.45 The second can be written between two lines but part of the letter is above the top line. 46 In this way, his students learned more than seven hundred words. Part IV. Reading Comprehension (Reading i
46、n Depth)47-56 L M A I C G N D E K57-61 BCDCC 62-66 DBCCAPart V. Cloze67-76 BADAC BCADB 77-86 DCABD BCBDCPart VI. Translation87. take having an endless supply of clean water for granted88. thanks to a lot of hard work 89. but the police take control of the situation now90. fans were milling about out
47、side the hotel 91. called out their names in turn Unit SevenKey to Extended Reading Skills Practice该语篇的衔接手段分析如下:（一）逻辑衔接手段: 1表强调：句（5）用 But 强调了纳粹的罪大恶极。 2. 表比较：句（4）里的比较结构 No one has been a more 表达了作者对共产主义的无比憎恨。3. 表空间：句（6）里的 before；句（7）里的 on the threshold；句（11）里的from；句（13 ）里 in the sky 起到了很好的衔接作用使文章更加连贯
48、。 4. 表时间；句（8）里 from time immemorial 强调了苏联人民世代生存的热土受到了威胁，激发英军帮助苏联的爱心；句（9）里用 when 把苏联人民保卫家园妇幼老人儿童祈福的场景衔接起来，加强了大家保卫苏联的决心。5表转折：句（10）里的 but 再次描述了苏联人民安土乐业的生活正在受到纳粹的肆意践踏，强调援苏抗德的重要性。6. 表增补：句（2） 、 （3）里的 and 重现了纳粹的惨无人道，(13)里的 and 强调如果没有英国的帮助，苏联必将沦丧在德国纳粹的铁蹄之下。（二）语法衔接手段: 1排比句 8-13 是一个包含了 6 个句子的排比结构，生动形象地再现了纳粹德国
49、入侵时，苏联人民处于水深火热之中的场景，也展示了纳粹德国的凶残和野心，使语篇读起来朗朗上口，语义连贯紧密。2替代句（2） 、 （3）用 it 替代 Nazi regime; 句（3） 、 （4） 、 （6） 、 （7） 、 （8） 、 （9） 、（10）里用 I 替代作者；句（ 8）里的 them 替代 Russian soldiers；句（13）里用 they 替代 German bombers and fighters。这些替代的使用是表达更加简洁，体现了英语语言的逻辑性很严密。3省略句（4）是个省略句，No one has been a more consistent opponent of Communism than I have for the last twenty-five years.该句里出现了右省现象，
