1、Tariffs and quotas are the two major forms of trade restrictions (or protectionism), which interfere with the free flow of trade among nations. Tariffs are commonly levied in one of two ways: ad valorem or specific. 关税和配额是贸易限制（或保护主义）的两种主要形式，它们干预了贸易在国家之间的自由流动。关税通常有两种征收形式：从价关税或从量关税。Two other concepts
2、related to the value of a currency are devaluation or revaluation. These describe decreases or increases in the official value of the currency in terms of gold. 和货币价值相关的另外两个概念是货币法定贬值或升值。它们指一种货币对黄金的官方价值的下降或上升。phase sth out： withdraw or discontinue sth gradually or in stages 逐步或分阶段撤出或中止某事物: The old cu
3、rrency will have been phased out by 1990. 旧币分阶段至 1990 年将全部禁止流通.使人疲倦 tire sb out我和他私人交往已经十年了 I have personally known him for ten years我已接管（接任）这个部门 I have taken over from the former director of this department我们竭诚为您服务，让您感到宾至如归 we shall endeavor to make you feel at home加深国际间相互了解 deepen international un
4、derstanding我宣布会议开始 Id like to call this meeting to order亲自向你们致意 personally offer you a few words of greeting英语口译十大经典句型1. Leave sb the choice of or 要么，要么（选择类经典句）Our cruel and unrelenting enemy leaves us the choice of brave resistance or the most abject submission.敌人冷酷无情/铁石心肠，我们要么顽强抵抗，要么屈漆投降。2. be the
5、 instrument of sth 引来某事物的人或事 （使动类经典句）The eyes of all our countrymen are now upon us, and we shall have the blessings and praises, if happily we are the instuments of saving them from the tyranny meditated against them.全国同胞都在关注我们，如果我们有幸能够拯救他们脱离强加于身的暴政，那将得到他们的祝福和赞颂。3. it was the memory/memories of 追溯到
6、（回忆类经典句）Perhaps it was the memories of the 1964 Tokyo Olympics and the 1988 Seoul Olympics, which were considered turning points in their nations development.追溯到 1964 年东京及 1988 年首尔举办的奥运会，可能分别被视为日韩两国发展的转折点。4. on the premise/ground/prerequisite/proposition/hypothesis/presuuposition that 基于一个前提（假设类经典句）
7、中国政府在宣布实行和平统一的方针时，是基于一个前提，即当时的台湾当局坚持世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分。The Chinese declared to implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China.5. be bound to 必定，一定 （意愿类经典句）西部大开发一
8、定能成为沟通世界各国和中国的一座桥梁，促进中国和世界经济共同发展，共同繁荣。The Great Western Development is bound to be a bridge between China and the rest world, promoting the common economic development and prosperity of China and the world at large.6. a matter of sth/doing sth 与有关的情况或问题 （描述类经典句）请思考一下同一个人现在及八年前说的话。 “说到底， 贫穷与其说是生活在贫穷的
9、国家里，还不如说是技艺不精。 ”Considering the following satements, made by the same man eight years apart. “Eventually, being poor wont be as much a matter of living in a poor country as it will be a matter of having poor skills.”7. This is the similar case with/when 这恰如，正如，也会 （比较类经典句）This is the similar case whe
10、n the main melody can evoke a strong echo for us to clap our hands in admiration despite our disability to understand the score of Mozarts musical pieces.这恰如我们虽然看不懂莫扎特乐曲的总谱，却照样能同它的主旋律产生共鸣，击节称赞。8. be exemplified by 这一点也证明了，这点反映在以下事实， （举例类经典句）The manual worker is usually quite at ease in any company.
11、This is partly explained by the fact that people of all income groups go together to the same schools.体力劳动者在任何场合通常都相当自在。收入档次不同的人上同一所学校，这个事实多少说明了这一点。9. constitute 是，认为 （判断类经典句）History has proved eloquently that the division of labor based on quality and mutual benefit between China and USA constitute
12、 the most reasonable and practical international relationship.历史雄辩地说明，中美之间建立在平等互利基础上的劳动分工是最为合理和实用的国际关系。10. witness 见证 （发生类经典句）I am optimistic and hopeful that the next round of talk will witness a permanent cease-fire in the Middle East.在下一轮的会谈中，我们将宣布中东地区永久停火协议，对此我抱有乐观态度并充满希望。black in face 脸色铁青 whit
13、e coffee 牛奶咖啡a white Christmas 大雪纷飞的圣诞节a very white man 非常忠实可靠的人a black look 恶狠狠地瞪一眼Lands End 天涯海角We offer free delivery of your air tickets within one hour after your booking confirmation.一小时内免费送机票上门特区是个窗口，是技术的窗口，管理的窗口，知识的窗口，也是对外政策的窗口。The special economiczones are a window opening onto the outside
14、world. They are a windowthrough which to bring in from abroad sophisticated technology,advanced managerial expertise and up-to-date know-how. It is also awindow through which to disseminate Chinas external policies.摸着石头过河 Since there is no previous experience to fall back on, we have to“wade across
15、the stream by feeling the way,” as we say in Chinese.退耕还林 restore “woodland-converted farm-plots” back forafforesting春运 peak season of passengertransportation during the Spring Festival我攒了一大堆赃衣服，等着周末来洗 I have a lot of laundry to catch up at the weekend.安居工程 the AffordableHousing Program信息化 the sprea
16、ding / sweeping information explosion外资企业 enterprises with foreign investment / enterprises with foreign elements请勿疲劳驾驶 Drowsy driving is dangerous 或 Drive alert, arrive alive。相声 comic dialogue夺取这个胜利，已经是不要很久的时间和不要花费很大的气力了;巩固这个胜利，则是需要很久的时间和要花费很大的气力的事情。To win this victory will not require much more ti
17、me and effort, but to consolidate it will.green-eyed 忌妒的a bill of fare | 菜单；节目单a case in point |一个恰当的例子 素质教育 caliber-focused educationa hard nut to crack | 棘手的问题 admire to do sth. | (美口) 很想做某事 advertise for | 登广告征求(寻找 )某物affect to | 假装all along | 始终，一直，一贯all at once | 突然；同时；一起 all but | 几乎，差一点all ou
18、t | 竭尽全力at hand | 在手边；在附近 at heart | 在内心里；实质上at sbs heels | 紧跟在某人的后面 at stake | 在危险中；危如累卵 be all ears | 全神贯注地倾听着 be attached to | 附属于；喜爱；爱慕 be cautious of | 留心，谨防 be envious of | 羡慕(或忌妒)be generous in | 乐于be hard up | 短缺，在急需中 be hard up for money | 缺钱，手头紧 be in drink | 喝醉了 be in for | 参加(竞赛、考试等)马列主义
19、、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论、*“三个代表”重要思想 Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought,Deng Xiao-ping Theory, Jiang Zemin “Three Represents“ important Thought.新民主主义革命 new-democratic revolution 民族独立和人民解放 national independence and the liberation of the people 经济体制改革和政治体制改革 reforms in the economic and political structure.社会主义制
20、度 socialist system 社会变革 social transformation.建设有中国特色的社会主义事业 the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.中华民族的伟大复兴 the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.党在社会主义初级阶段的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领 the basic theory, line and program of our Party in the primary stage of socialism.改革开放政策 the poli
21、cies of reform and opening to the outside.中国共产党十一届三中全会 The Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.马克思主义政党 Marxist political Party.党的第一（第二、第三）代中央领导集体 the collective leadership of the Party Central Committee of the first (secondthird)generation.人民民主专政 the p
22、eoples democratic dictatorshipl国民经济体系 national economic system.综合国力 aggregate national strength.国内生产总值 the annual gross domestic product(GDP).独立自主的和平外交政策 an independent foreign policy of peace.马克思主义基本原理同中国具体实际相结合 the fundamental principles of Marxism with the specific situation in China.加强和改进党的建设，不断
23、增强党的创造力、凝聚力和战斗力，永葆党的生机与活力 strengthen and improve Party building, continuously enhance the creativity, rallying power and combat capability of the Party, and always maintain its vigor and vitality.“三个代表”就是必须代表中国先进生产力的发展要求，代表中国先进文化的前进方向，代表中国最广大人民的根本利益，是我们党的立党之本、执政之基、力量之源，是我们党始终站在时代前列，保持先进性的根本体现和根本要求。“
24、Three Represents“ shows that our Party must always represent therequirements of the development of Chinas advanced productive forces, the orientation of the development of Chinas advanced culture, and the fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people in China, they are the foundat
25、ion for building the Party, the cornerstone for its exercise of state power and a source of its strengthen，only by doing so can we really ensure that our Party always stand in the forefront of the time and maintain its advanced nature党的理论、路线、纲领、方针、政策 Partys theory, line, program, principles and poli
26、cies,工人阶级的先锋队 the vanguard of the working class.生产力、生产关系、经济基础、上层建筑 productive force, relation of production, economic base, superstructure constitute.科学技术是第一生产力 science and technology are the primary productive force.社会主义物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilizations of socialism.有理想、有道德、有文化、有纪律的公民
27、citizens with lofty ideals, moral integrity, better education and good sense of discipline.自立意识、竞争意识、效率意识、民主法制意识和开拓创新意识 self-reliance, competition, efficiency, democracy, the legal system, and the pioneering and innovative spirit.依法治国和以德治国 the rule of law and the rule of virtue.科教兴国战略 the strategy o
28、f invigorating the country through science and education.倡导爱国主义、集体主义、社会主义思想，反对和抵制拜金主义、享乐主义、极端个人主义等腐朽思想 advocate patriotism, collectivism and socialism, combat and resist money worship, hedonism, ultra-egoism decadent ideas.先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐 be concern about the country and the people before anything e
29、lse.全心全意为人民服务、立党为公、执政为民 serve the people heart and soul, work for the public and assumes power for the people.解放思想、实事求是 emancipating the mind, seeking truth from the facts.主观主义、形而上学 subjectivism, metaphysics.民主集中制、党内民主 democratic centralism, inner-Party democracy.集体领导、民主集中、个别酝酿、会议决定 collective leade
30、rship, democratic centralism, case-specific consultation, decision through meeting.政治路线确定之后，干部就是决定因素 cardres are a decisive factor, once a political line is decided.党管干部的原则 the principle of the Party assuming the responsibility for cardres affairs.公开、平等、竞争、择优 open, fair, competition, basis of merits
31、.公开选拔、竞争上岗 the supervision of appointment and promotion of officials, and the method for official performance assessment.自重、自省、自警、自励 self-discipline, self-examination, self-caution and self-motivation.以权谋私、贪赃枉法、腐败分子 to abuse power for personal gains, take bribes or bend the law, corrupt elements.小康社
32、会、小康生活 well-to-do society, well-to-do life.四项基本原则 Four Cardinal Principles.社会主义初级阶段 the primary stage of socialism.“政治合格、军事过硬、作风优良、纪律严明、保障有力” gualified politically and competent militarily and that have a fine style of work, strict discipline and adequate logistic support.台独 taiwans “independence“和平
33、与发展 peace and development冷战 cold war世界多极化、经济全球化 world multi-polarization and economic globalization联合国宪章 UN Charter独立自主、完全平等、相互尊重、互不干涉内部事务 independence, completely equality, mutual respect and non-interference in each others internal affairs Cooperation.世贸中心 World Trade Center恐怖主义 terrorism开放攻坚，改革跟进
34、，稳定保障，加快发展 open and storm fortification, reform and follow-up, stable and secure, speed up development.工作策略 the working tactics以企业为中心的工业化核心战略 the strategy at the core of industrialization around enterprises(take the enterprises as the center).翻译考试历年常考高频词汇One Country, Two Systems 一国两制One China, One T
35、aiwan 一中一台Two Chinas 两个中国Three Direct Links (Mail, Air and Shipping Services and Trade) （两岸）直接三通23 Million Taiwan Compatriots 两千三百万台湾同胞Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC) 两会（人大，政协）Three Represents 三个代表the Important Thought of Three Represents 三个代表重要思想Woman Pace-Setter 三八红旗手 the Three Major Historical Ta
36、sks 三大历史任务the Seven-Year Program to Help 80 Million People Out of Poverty “八七“扶贫攻坚计划 the Eleventh Five-Year Plan (2006-2010) “十一五“计划the 15th central committee of the communist party of China (CPC) 第十五届中央委员会17th Party Congress 十七大 the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee 十一届三中全会Sou
37、th-South Cooperation 南南合作 North-South Dialog 南北对话 Taiwan Independence 台独“Bring In“ and “Going Out“ “引进来“和“走出去“政策 patriotic democratic personages 爱国民主人士patriotic united front 爱国统一战线patriotism 爱国主义精神live and work in peace and contentment 安居乐业an enterprising spirit 昂扬向上的精神状态our compatriots in the Macao
38、 SAR (Special Administrative Region) 澳门特别行政区同胞 hegemonism 霸权主义a hundred flowers blossom 百花齐放 a hundred schools of thought contend 百家争鸣the stability in border areas 边疆稳定 remote areas 边远地区 a magnificent upsurge 波澜壮阔 extensive and profound 博大精深never degenerating 不变质constantly better peoples lives 不断提高人
39、民生活水平unfair and irrational 不公正不合理shackles of the outdated notions 不合时宜的观念的束缚an inexhaustible motive force 不竭动力invincible 不可战胜an irresistible trend of history 不可阻挡的历史潮流 not lose our bearings 不迷失方向uneven 不平衡a tortuous course 不平坦的道路not all-inclusive 不全面的 take resolute measures 采取果断措施participation in an
40、d deliberation of state affairs 参政议政long-term coexistence 长期共存long-term social stability and solidarity 长期社会安定团结 long-term peace and order 长治久安honesty 诚实守信fully mobilize and rally 充分调动和凝聚take shape initially 初步建立 traditional threats to security 传统安全威胁creativity, cohesion and fighting capacity 创造力、凝聚
41、力和战斗力 system of resignation 辞职制proceed from our national conditions 从我国国情出发promote common development 促进共同发展 promote all-round social progress 促进社会全面进步assuming heavy responsibilities 担当重任the contemporary era 当代masters of the country 当家作主 the wish to be the masters of our country 当家作主的愿望 congress of
42、party representatives 党代会 backbone of the party 党的骨干力量the partys basic theory, line and program 党的基本理论、路线和纲领 party building 党的建设 partys progressiveness 党的先进性the destiny of the party and state 党和国家前途命运the cause of the party and state 党和国家事业Deng Xiaoping theory 邓小平理论the demise of comrade Deng Xiaoping
43、邓小平同志逝世 the sixth place 第六位the primary productive force 第一生产力E-government 电子政务 mobilize the initiative 调动积极性equal political entities 对等的政治实体erroneous and dogmatic interpretation of Marxism 对马克思主义的错误和教条式的理解multi-tiered 多层次multiparty cooperation 多党合作diversify 多元化 pluralistic society 多元社会diverse forces
44、 多种力量 duplicate law enforcement 多重多头执法awareness of law 法制观念 a country with an adequate legal system 法制国家 a country under the rule of law 法治国家prosperity, stability and development 繁荣、稳定和发展fight against “Taiwan Independence“ 反对“ 台独 “oppose separation 反对分裂combat corruption and build a clean government
45、反腐倡廉 guard against 防止non-traditional threats to security 非传统安全威胁splitting activities 分裂活动 the objectives and tasks 奋斗目标和任务develop diverse forms of democracy 丰富民主形式trials and tribulations 风浪考验 serve the overall interests 服务大局strong, prosperous, democratic and culturally advanced 富强、民主、文明hinterland 腹地
46、reform, development and stability 改革、发展、稳定reform and opening-up 改革开放fall behind the times 落后于时代Marxism-Leninism 马克思列宁主义the basic tenets of Marxism 马克思主义基本原理 a Marxist ruling party 马克思主义执政党Mao Zendong Thought 毛泽东思想the militia 民兵Democratic Progressive Party 民进党peoples livelihood 民生democratic and the l
47、egal system 民主法制democratic management 民主管理 prepared for both promotion and demotion 能上能下to alleviate rural poverty through development 农村扶贫开发 reform of rural taxes and administrative charges 农村税费改革problems facing agriculture, rural areas and farmers 农业、农村和农民问题agriculture and rural work 农业和农村工作agricu
48、lture as the foundation of the economy 农业基础地位falsification 弄虚作假personnel training 培养人才people in financial difficulties 贫困群众 smooth transition of power 平稳过渡extravagance and waste 铺张浪费general election system 普选制less developed 欠发达地区 intensify functions 强化功能win-win co-operation 强强联手power politics 强权政治ov
49、erseas Chinese 侨胞overseas Chinese affairs 侨务工作industry and courage 勤劳勇敢seek common ground while shelving differences 求同存异regional organizations 区域性组织tortuous road 曲折的道路draw upon one anothers strong points 取长补短yield substantial results 取得丰硕成果score tremendous achievements 取得巨大成就repeal taxes on special agricultural products 取消农业特产税all the party members; whole party 全党the crystallization of the partys collective wisdom 全党集体智慧的结晶 all-dimensional 全方位 the Chinese people of all nationalities; people of all ethnic groups of the country
