1、强调句与定语从句 篇一：强调句和各从句的区别 一、定语从句与名词性从句句式构造用法比较 定语从句常易与主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句等名词性从句相混淆。推断的方法是：由关系代词或副词引起的句子直截了当充当句中某一成分，即为名词性从句；假设这个句子修饰前面的一个名词即先行词或指代整个句子的内容，即为定语从句。 例1. (1) As is known to everyone, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2) It is known to everyone that the moon travels round
2、the earth once every month. 比较：(1)两个句子之间有连接词，而且由逗号分隔。按照前一分句意义“正如大家所明白的(众所周知)”分析，该句应用关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句整个句子内容。 (2)两个句子之间有连接词that连接。按照句意分析，that所引起的从句为主语从句，故该句应选用it作方式主语置于句首，引导主语从句。 例2. (1)Shenzhen is no longer what it used to be. (2) Shenzhen is no longer the place that it used to be. 比较：(1)句中没有充当表
3、语的名词，故应选用代词what(?模样)引起一个表语从句。 (2)句中表语名词the place 被it used to be所修饰，且充当其句中表语。故应选用关系代词that指代先行词the place引起一个定语从句。 例3. (1) Please tell me the reason why he didnt attend the meeting. (2) Please tell me why he didnt attend the meeting. 比较：(1)句中充当宾语的名词the reason被he didnt attend the meeting所修饰，且充当句中的缘故状语。故
4、应选用关系副词why指代先行词the reason连接定语从句。 (2)句中没有充当直截了当宾语的名词，而是由一个句子充当宾语。按照句意，应选用疑征询副词why连接宾语从句。 二、强调句与主语从句的比较 强调句将句子中的it is / was that同时省去，句子仍然成立；而主语从句将that与后面部分代替it，成立。如： (1) It is Li Leis brother that you met in the street yesterday. 你昨天在街上所见到确实实是的兄弟。 本句假设将It is 及 that同时省去为：You met Li Leis brother in the
5、street yesterday. 句子同样成立，因此前面的句子是强调句型。 (2) It is exciting that we have succeeded in sending up Shenzhou V. 我们成功地发射了这件事情真令人兴奋。 本句假设将It is 及 that同时省去为：We have succeeded exciting in sending up Shenzhou V. 显然句子错误，因此，前面句子不是强调句型，而是主语从句。 三、强调句与定语从句的比较 强调句中的It没有实际意义，It be与that可同时被省略；而定语从句中的It be与that不可同时省略；
6、 强调句型中be的时态须跟后面句子的时态相一致；而定语从句中主句谓语动词be的时态须由主句的时间确定 强调句将句子中的that不能省略，也不能将that换成which；而定语从句中的that作宾语时可被省略，同时领先行词是事物时可用which代替。 当it be后面的时间、地点名词作主语、宾语或表语时，引导词可用that / which；而作其他成分时，引导词须用when / which。如： (1) It is an English book (that / which) I bought yesterday. 它是我昨天买的书。(本句是对What is that?征询句的答复，that所引
7、导的是定语从句，that可被省略) It was the English book that I bought yesterday. 昨天我所买确实实是这本书。(本句相当于对I bought the English book yesterday中an English book进展强调) (2) It was a room where we used to have meetings. 它是我们过去常在开会的房子。(where 所引导的从句对前面的room进展说明，它是定语从句) It was in the room that we used to have meetings. 过去我们开会就在
8、这间房子里。(in the room是被强调的部分，本句是强调句型) (3) It is a day when the people celebrate their victory. 这是人们庆祝他们的成功的日子。 (when所引导的从句对a day进展说明，是定语从句) It was on that day that people celebrated their victory. 就在那一天，人们庆祝了他们的成功。(强调on October 1, 1949) 四、强调句与状语从句的比较 状语从句句首的It本身确实是句子的主语；而强调句首的It不作任何成分也没有实际意义。 状语从句的连接副词
9、that及句子前面的It be不能去掉(from )。 状语从句的引导词可以是when / where，而强调句型中的that不能用其他词代替。如： (1) It is such an interesting book that we all like it very much. 它是一本如此有趣的书，我们大家都特别喜欢。(结果状语主从复合句) It is such an interesting book that we all like very much. 我们大家都特别喜欢确实实是一本如此有趣的书。(强调such an interesting book) (比较：It is such a
10、n interesting book as we all like very much. 这确实是我们大家都特别喜欢的如此有趣的书。定语从句) (2) It was already morning when he woke up. 当他醒来时，已经是早晨了。(时间主从复合句) It was the next morning that he woke up. 就在第二天早晨他醒来了。(强调the next morning)篇二：名词性从句强调句与定语从句综合练习 名词性从句、强调句与定语从句综合练习 1. What a pity _ is _ you didnt come to the part
11、y. A. there; because B. it; that C. he; when D. that; for 2. I believe _ youve tried your best and _ you can come to the top of the class. Thank you. A. what; / B. / ; / C. what; that D. /; that 3. Please give the note to _ is in the classroom. A. whoB. whom C. whoeverD. whomever 4.Was it yesterday
12、_ you received the letter from her? 5. The question Mike asked was _ the sports meet would be put off. A. thatB. if C. whetherD. because 6. These photographs will show you _. A. what our hometown looks like B. what does our hometown look like C. how our hometown look like D. how does our hometown lo
13、ok like 7.We need the same machine _ in your factory. A.which is being used B.as is being used C.that is being usedD.as it is being used 8._ can be seen from his face,he is quite satisfied. 9. Is _ he told you really funny? A. that B. is C. what D. this 10. Please let me know _ you want me _ . A. wh
14、ether; to do B. that; doing C. that; doneD. what; to do 11.He lent me a lot of maney,_ I couldnt buy the TV set. A.with it B.for which C.without which D.by which 12. _ we cant get seems better than _ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what 13. It worried her mother a bit _ h
15、er hair was turning grey. A. while B. that C. if D. for 14. Do you remember _ our manager came? Yes, I do, he came in his car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 15. Please go and bring your pen here. Its _ you left it. A. there B. where C. there where D. where there 16. Its commonly believed wise to give
16、 a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever17. I lived in _ you call “Acient Greece” and I used to write reports about Olympic Games. A. that B. afterC. what D. when 18. Do you know _ ? A. who is that woman B. who that woman is C. whom is the woman D. that woman is 19
17、. The fact _ Lily got the first prize is well known to us all. A. that B. what C. why D. which 20. Our city is no longer _ it used to be. A. which B. that C. as D. whatll never forget the days _ we spent on the seashore. A.during which B.in which C.when D. 22. Lei Feng was always thinking of _ he co
18、uld help other. A. that B. howC. whom D. which 23. _ still needs to be discussed. A. How is the work to be finished ahead of time B. How the work is to be finished ahead of time C. Why is the work finished ahead of time D. When is the work finished ahead of time 24. Id like a car _front lights are b
19、ig and round. A. which B. that C. whose D. what 25. I know nothing about Helen but _ she is a girl from America. A. how B. when C. that D. why 26. It depends on _ we will hold the sports meet next Friday. A. if B. if or notC. thatD. whether 27. _ Pippa failed to pass the exam is very clear. A. What
20、B. ThatC. Which D. Where 28. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what 29. The reason _ nothing on earth is motionless is _ the earth is in constant motion(运动). A. why; that B. that; why C. of ; that D. that; beca
21、use 30. _ proves that my opinion is right. A. It will happen that B. That has happened C. What has happened D. When it happens 1.B。it在此处做方式主语，代替由that引导的主语从句。 2.D。两个由that引导的宾语从句被and连接时，只有引导第一个从句的that可以省略。 3.C。whoever在此处做连接代词，引导宾语从句且在从句中做主语。 4.D. 强调句。 正确语序为：It was yesterday that you received the lette
22、r from her. 5.C。引导表语从句且含有“是否”之意的边词只能用whether而不能用if。 6.A。what在此处做连接代词，引导宾语从句并在从句中做宾语；宾语从句须用陈述句语序。 7.B。定语从句。按照“the same先行词”后跟as引导定语从句的原那么，可知答案为B 8.D。As 引导的非限制性定语从句。 9.C。what在此处做连接代词，引导主语从句，并在从句中做直截了当宾语。 10.D。what在此处做连接代词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中做不定式to do的宾语。 11.C。定语从句。由“介词+which”引导。 12.A。第一个what引导的主语从句做主句的主语；第二个w
23、hat引导的主语从句做比较状语从句的主语。两个what均在各自引导的从句中做宾语。 13.B。that在此处可引导主语从句；句首的it为方式主语。 14.A。由答语后半部分的大意即可选定答案。 15.B。where在此处做连接副词，引导表语从句且在从句中做状语。 16.B。whatever在此处做连接代词，引导宾语从句，做不定式to give的直截了当宾语，whatever在从句中做宾语。 17.C。call 后常接双宾语，如 call him Tom, 所有宾语从句中的缺少宾语，使用连接代词what 既可以引导这个宾语从句又可以作call 的宾语。也可参考unit2 Olympic Game
24、s (book2) 中reading部分。 18.B。who在引处做连接代词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中做表语；宾语从句须用陈述句的语序。 19.A。that在此处做连词，引导同位语从句，对名词the fact进展补充说明。 20.D。what在此做连接词，引导表语从句，且在从句中做表语。 21.D。定语从句。the days 为先行词，we spent 后缺少宾语，可用that 或which来引导，也 可以省略。 22.B。how在此处做连接副词，引导宾语从句，并在从句中做状语。 23.B。how在此处做连接副词，引导主语从句；主语从句本身须用陈述句的语序 24.B。定语从句。 whose在此
25、作引导词，同时也修饰front car。 此句还可变为：Id like a car the front lights of which are big and round.。 25.C。that在此处做连词，引导宾语从句，做介词but的宾语。 26.D。引导做介词宾语的从句且含有“是否”之意时，连词只能用whether而不能用if，由于if只能引导动词的宾语从句，不能引导介词的宾语从句。 27.B。that在此处做连词，引导主语从句，在从句中不担当成分，但不可省略（位于句首）。 28.B。非限制性定语从句。Which 指代“Dorothy was always speaking highly
26、of her role in the play ”这部分，of course为插入语。 29.A。先行词为reason时，定语从句常由why来引导；主语为reason时，表示缘故的表语从句不能用because而要用that来引导。请从下面归纳出三个根本句型： The raeson why he was late was that he missed the bus. He was late. That was because he missed the bus. He missed the bus. That was why he was late. 30.C。what在此处做连接代词，引导主
27、语从句且在从句中做主语。篇三：定语从句、强调句和同位语从句 定语从句、同位语从句与强调句 一、定语从句 1、定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定 语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which；关系副词有：when, where, why。 2、非限制性定语从句的“四个不能”： （1）非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导。 （2）非限制性定语从句不能用why引导，要用for which 代替。 例：I had told them the reason, for w
28、hich I didnt attend the meeting. （3）由介词+关系代词时，关系代词不能用as。 （4）指人的关系代词作宾语时用whom，不能省略。 3、在定语从句中，领先行词指物时，以下情况的关系词宜用that而不用which （1）先行词被描绘词最高级 序数词 数词几种词修饰或被 only、any、few、little、 no、all、one of等修饰时。 （2）先行词为all、much、little、none、few、one、something、anything等不定代词时。 （3）先行词中既有人又有物时。 例：He was looking pleasantly at
29、te children and parcels that filled his bus. （4）先行词在主句中作表语关系词在从句中作表语时。 例：The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago. （5）当主句中含有疑征询词which时。 例：Which are the books that you bought for me ? 4、几个特别的定语从句句型： （1）He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match. （句中one为先行
30、词） He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match. （句中students为先行词） （2）Is this place the one (that) we visited yesterday? Is this the place(that / which)we visited yesterday ? （3）He stood at the window, from where he could see what was happening. （4）It may rain, in which case the mat
31、ch will be put off. 5、定语从句的做题方法： （1）找出主句，确定先行词； （2）找出从句，推断从句是否完好(是否符合简单句的根本构成)否，用关系代词； 是，用关系副词。 二、同位语从句 1、同位语从句确实是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 同位语从句关于名词进一步解释，说明名词的详细内容，一般由that引导. 例：The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 2、同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。 例： He got th
32、e news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 三、强调句 1、强调句型的根本构造：It is/was + 被强调部分(主语、宾语、宾语补足语或状语 等) + that/who +的其余部分。例：It was yesterday that Mary met an old beggar in the street. (强调时间状语) 2、强调句中含有not until的句子 在强调not until句型时，not 位于until从句前，主句谓语动词作相应变化，即 it is (was) +not until从句+that +其它。 例：
33、It was not until he had finished the work that he went home. 四、同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1、定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语 从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。 2、定语从句是描绘词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描绘定的性质或特 征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进展补充说明。 例：（1）The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（第一个th
34、at引导的从 句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语） （2）The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成 分） 留意：当主句的谓语部分过短时，同位语从句放在谓语动词的后面，以免头重脚轻，句子不 平衡。 例：Word came that our team had won the game. 五、定语从句与强调句的区别 1、定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。 2、强调it无意义，that / who不是引导词。 3、强调it is / was和that / who后假设句子意思讲得通那么是强调句，讲不通那
35、么不是。 例：It is the museum that / which we visited last year.(定语从句) It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.（强调句） 练习： 1、1 AwhichBwho CitDthat 2 Athat Bwhich Cwhere Dthere 3There is no dictionary you can find everything Athat BwhichCwhere Din that 4Next month, AwhichBthat CwhenDwhere 5. It was on
36、12 May,2008_the earthquake of Wenchuan county,Sichuan provimce happened. 6youll be in your hometown is coming AwhichBthat Cwhen Dwhere 7He wanted to know the time he needed to know Athat Bwhen CwhereDwhat 8There isnt so much noise in the country in big cities Athat Bwhich CwhereDas 9They could only
37、read such stories AthatBwhich Cas Dwhat10. Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. whileB. thatC. when D. as 11Crusoes dog became ill and died , made him very lonely Aas Bwhich CthatDthis 12. It was not until midnight _ they reached the
38、camp site. A .thatB. when C. while D. as 13. Theres a feeling in me _ well never know what a UFO is not ever. A. that B. whichC. of which D. what 14 AWhichBWhat CThat DAs 15. It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，which is the information _ has been put forwa
39、rd. A. what B. that C. when D. as 16Do you know the man ? Awhom I spoke Bto who I spoke CI spoke toDthat I spoke 17. It is not who is right but what is right _ is of importance. A. whichB. itC. that D. this 18. Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he was likely to lose control over the plane
40、. A. whereB. whichC. what D. why 19. when was it you called me yesterday? A. until B. that C. then D. so 20The knife Awith whichBwith it Cwith thatDWhich 21、Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered. A. what B. in whatC. which D. in which 22、I wish t
41、o thank Professor Smith, without _ help I would never have got this far. A. who B. whoseC. whom D. which 23、By 16:30, _ was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold. A. whichB. when C. whatD. that 24、Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. thatD. where 25、It was the training _ he had as a young man _ made him such a good engineer. A. what; that B. that; whatC. that; which D. which; that 1-5 D C C A C6-10: C A D A B 11-15: B A A D B 16-20: C C A B A 21-25 DBAC A
