1、1微软公司概况导读：就爱阅读网友为您分享以下“微软公司概况”的资讯，希望对您有所帮助，感谢您对 的支持!BUSINESS DESCRIPTION GENERAL Microsoft was founded in 1975. Our mission is to enable people and businesses throughout the world to realize their full potential. We work to achieve this mission by creating technology that transforms the way people
2、work, play, and communicate. We develop and market software, services, and hardware that deliver new opportunities, greater convenience, and enhanced value to peoples lives. We do business worldwide and have offices in more than 100 countries. We generate revenue by developing, licensing, and suppor
3、ting a wide range of software products and services, by designing and selling hardware, and by delivering 2relevant online advertising to a global customer audience. In addition to selling individual products and services, we offer suites of products and services. Our products include operating syst
4、ems for personal computers (“PCs”), servers, phones, and other intelligent devices; server applications for distributed computing environments; productivity applications; business solution applications; desktop and server management tools; software development tools; video games; and online advertis
5、ing. We also design and sell hardware including the Xbox 360 gaming and entertainment console, Kinect for Xbox 360, Xbox 360 accessories, and Microsoft PC hardware products. We provide consulting and product and solution support services, and we train and certify computer system integrators and deve
6、lopers. We also offer cloud-based solutions that provide customers with software, services and content over the Internet by way of shared computing resources located in centralized data centers. Cloud revenue is earned primarily from usage fees and advertising. Examples of cloud-based computing serv
7、ices we offer include: 3? Bing, our Internet search engine that finds and organizes the answers people need so they can make faster, more informed decisions; ? Windows Live Essentials suite, which allows users to upload, organize and store photos, make movies, communicate via video, email, and messa
8、ging, and enhance online safety; ? Xbox LIVE service, which enables online gaming, social networking, and access to a wide range of video, gaming, and entertainment content; ? Microsoft Office 365, an online suite that enables people to work from virtually anywhere, anytime, and on any device with s
9、imple, familiar collaboration and communication solutions, including Microsoft Office, Exchange, SharePoint, and Lync; ? Microsoft Dynamics CRM Online customer relationship management services for sales, service and marketing professionals provided through a familiar Microsoft Outlook interface; and
10、 4? the Azure family of platform and database services that helps developers connect applications and services in the cloud or on premise. These services include Windows Azure, a scalable operating system with computing, storage, hosting and management capabilities, and Microsoft SQL Azure, a relati
11、onal database. We also conduct research and develop advanced technologies for future software products and services. We believe that delivering innovative, high-value solutions through our integrated software and services platforms is the key to meeting our customers needs and to our future growth.
12、We believe that we will continue to grow by delivering compelling new products and services, creating new opportunities for partners, improving customer satisfaction, and improving our service excellence, business efficacy, and internal processes. OPERATING SEGMENTS We operate our business in five s
13、egments: Windows ? the attachment of Windows to PCs shipped and changes in inventory levels within the OEM channel; and ? pricing changes and promotions, pricing variation associated with OEM channel shifts from local and regional system builders to large, multinational OEMs, and different pricing o
14、f Windows versions licensed. Principal Products and Services: Windows 7 and prior versions of the Windows operating system; Windows Live suite of applications and web services; and Microsoft PC hardware products. Competition The Windows operating system faces competition from various commercial soft
15、ware products offered by well-established companies, mainly Apple and Google. The 7Windows operating system also faces competition from alternative platforms and devices that may reduce demand for PCs. User and usage volumes on mobile devices are increasing worldwide relative to the PC. We believe W
16、indows competes effectively by giving customers choice, flexibility, security, a familiar and easy-to-use interface, compatibility with a broad range of hardware and software applications, and the largest support network for any operating system. Windows Live software and services compete with Apple
17、, Google, Yahoo!, and a wide array of Web sites and portals that provide communication and sharing tools and services. Our PC hardware products face competition from computer and other hardware manufacturers, many of which are also current or potential partners. Server and Tools Server and Tools dev
18、elops and markets server software, software developer tools, services, and solutions that are designed to make information technology professionals and developers and their systems more productive and efficient. Server software is integrated server infrastructure and middleware designed to support s
19、oftware applications built on the Windows Server operating 8system. This includes the server platform, database, storage, management and operations, service-oriented architecture platform, security and identity software. Server and Tools also builds standalone and software development lifecycle tool
20、s for software architects, developers, testers, and project managers. Server offerings can be run on-site, in a partner-hosted environment, or in a Microsoft-hosted environment. Our cloud-based services comprise a scalable operating system with computing, storage, and management capabilities and a r
21、elational database, which allow customers to run enterprise workloads and web applications in the cloud. These services also include a platform that helps developers connect applications and services in the cloud or on premise. Our goal is to enable customers to devote more resources to development
22、and use of applications that benefit their business, rather than to the management of on-premise hardware and software. Server and Tools offers a broad range of enterprise consulting and product support services (“Enterprise Services”) that assist customers in developing, deploying, and managing Mic
23、rosoft server and desktop solutions. Server and Tools also provides training and 9certification to developers and information technology professionals for our Server and Tools, Microsoft Business Division, and Windows Windows Azure; Microsoft SQL Server; SQL Azure; Windows Intune; Windows Embedded;
24、Visual Studio; Silverlight; System Center products; Microsoft Consulting Services; and Premier product support services. Competition Our server operating system products face competition from a wide variety of server operating systems and applications offered by companies with a range of market appr
25、oaches. Vertically integrated computer manufacturers such as Hewlett-Packard, IBM, and Oracle offer their own 10versions of the Unix operating system preinstalled on server hardware. Nearly all computer manufacturers offer server hardware for the Linux operating system and many contribute to Linux o
26、perating system development. The competitive position of Linux has also benefited from the large number of compatible applications now produced by many commercial and non-commercial software developers. A number of companies, such as Red Hat, supply versions of Linux. We compete to provide enterpris
27、e-wide computing solutions with several companies that offer solutions and middleware technology platforms. IBM and Oracle lead a group of companies focused on the Java Platform Enterprise Edition. Commercial software developers that provide competing server applications for PC-based distributed cli
28、ent/server environments include CA Technologies, IBM, and Oracle. Our Web application platform software competes with open source software such as Apache, Linux, MySQL, and PHP, and we compete against Java middleware such as Geronimo, JBoss, and Spring Framework. Numerous commercial software vendors
29、 offer competing 11software applications for connectivity (both Internet and intranet), security, hosting, database, and e-business servers. System Center competes with server management and server virtualization platform providers, such as BMC, CA Technologies, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, and VMWare in t
30、he management of information technology infrastructures. SQL Server competes with products from IBM, Oracle, Sybase, and other companies in providing database, business intelligence and data warehousing solutions. Our products for software developers compete against offerings from Adobe, IBM, Oracle
31、, other companies, and open-source projects. Competing open source projects include Eclipse (sponsored by CA Technologies, IBM, Oracle, and SAP), PHP, and Ruby on Rails, among others. The embedded operating system business is highly fragmented with many competitive offerings. Key competitors include
32、 IBM, Intel, and versions of embeddable Linux from commercial Linux vendors such as Metrowerks and MontaVista Software. Our cloud-based services offerings also have many competitors. Windows Azure faces competition from Amazon, Google, S, and VMWare. SQL Azure 12faces competition from IBM, Oracle, a
33、nd other open source offerings. For Enterprise Services, we compete with a large group of diverse companies, including multinational consulting firms and small niche businesses focused on specific technologies. We believe our server products, cloud-based services and Enterprise Services provide cust
34、omers with advantages in innovation, performance, total costs of ownership, and productivity by delivering superior applications, development tools, and compatibility with a broad base of hardware and software applications, security, and manageability. Online Services Division Online Services Divisi
35、on (“OSD”) develops and markets information and content designed to help people simplify tasks and make more informed decisions online, and that help advertisers connect with audiences. OSD offerings include Bing, MSN, adCenter, and advertiser tools. Bing and MSN generate revenue through the sale of
36、 search and display advertising. Search and display advertising generally accounts for nearly all of OSDs annual revenue. We 13provide updated and new online offerings on a frequent basis. In December 2009, we entered into a definitive agreement with Yahoo! whereby Microsoft will provide the exclusi
37、ve algorithmic and paid search platform for Yahoo! Web sites worldwide. We completed the algorithmic transition in the U.S. and Canada in July 2010 and the paid search transition in October 2010 and have begun transitioning algorithmic search in international markets. We believe this agreement will
38、allow us to improve the effectiveness and increase the value of our search offering through greater scale in search queries and an expanded and more competitive search and advertising marketplace. Principal Products and Services: Bing; Microsoft adCenter; MSN; and Atlas online tools for advertisers.
39、 Competition OSD competes with Google, Yahoo!, and a wide array of Web sites and portals that provide content and online offerings to end users. We compete with these organizations to provide advertising opportunities for merchants. Competitors are continuously developing Internet offerings that see
40、k to provide more effective ways of connecting advertisers with audiences. We believe our search engine, 14Bing, helps users make faster, more informed decisions by providing relevant search results, expanded search services, social recommendations, and a broad selection of content. We have enhanced
41、 the user interface to bring a richer search experience. We also invest in improving the scale of our advertising platform to serve both owned and operated and third-party online properties. We will continue to introduce new products and services to improve the user online experience. We believe tha
42、t we can compete effectively by attracting new users, understanding their intent, and matching their intent with relevant content, advertiser offerings, and software services. Microsoft Business Division Microsoft Business Division (“MBD”) offerings consist of the Microsoft Office system (comprising
43、 mainly Office, SharePoint, Exchange and Lync) and Microsoft Dynamics business compete with a large group of diverse companies, including multinational consulting firms and small niche 15businesses focused on specific technologies. We believe our server products, cloud-based services and Enterprise
44、Services provide customers with advantages in innovation, performance, total costs of ownership, and productivity by delivering superior applications, development tools, and compatibility with a broad base of hardware and software applications, security, and manageability. Online Services Division O
45、nline Services Division (“OSD”) develops and markets information and content designed to help people simplify tasks and make more informed decisions online, and that help advertisers connect with audiences. OSD offerings include Bing, MSN, adCenter, and advertiser tools. Bing and MSN generate revenu
46、e through the sale of search and display advertising. Search and display advertising generally accounts for nearly all of OSDs annual revenue. We provide updated and new online offerings on a frequent basis. In December 2009, we entered into a definitive agreement with Yahoo! whereby Microsoft will
47、provide the exclusive algorithmic and paid search platform for Yahoo! Web sites worldwide. We completed the algorithmic transition in the U.S. and Canada in July 2010 and the paid 16search transition in October 2010 and have begun transitioning algorithmic search in international markets. We believe
48、 this agreement will allow us to improve the effectiveness and increase the value of our search offering through greater scale in search queries and an expanded and more competitive search and advertising marketplace. Principal Products and Services: Bing; Microsoft adCenter; MSN; and Atlas online t
49、ools for advertisers. Competition OSD competes with Google, Yahoo!, and a wide array of Web sites and portals that provide content and online offerings to end users. We compete with these organizations to provide advertising opportunities for merchants. Competitors are continuously developing Internet offerings that seek to provide more effective ways of connecting advertisers with audiences. We believe our search engine, Bing, helps users make faster, more informed decisions by providing relevant search results, expanded search services, social recommendations,
