1、第十讲,名词性从句,名词性从句是历年高考的重点和难点，也是热点。名词性从句相当于名词，可做主句的主语、宾语、表语和同位语。因此，名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句(见下表)。,一、主语从句,主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语 it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。,1用 it 做形式主语的结构,2主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况,(续表),二、宾语从句,宾语从句是在复合句中做宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主,句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。,（续表）,（续表）,三、表语从句,表语从句是在复合句中做表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主
2、语连系动词表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等。引导表语从句的 引导词 that 一般不省略。另外，常用的含有表语从句的结构还 有“The reason why.is that.”“It/This/That is because.” “It/ This/That is why.”等。如：,他上学迟到的原因是他错过了早班车。,The reason why he was late for school is that he missed the,early bus.,He was late for school.That is because h
3、e missed the early,bus.,He missed the early bus.That is why he was late for school.,四、同位语从句,同位语从句是在复合句中做同位语的名词性从句，通常由that 引导，对名词作进一步的解释说明或说明名词的具体内容。在表示疑问或问题的名词 question, problem 等后，也有用疑问词引导的同位语从句。如：,News came that he had been admitted to a key university.有消,息说他被一所重点大学录取了。,He put forward a question i
4、n the meeting who will take charge,of the new department.他在会议上提出谁来负责这个新部门的问题。,五、特别提醒,1whether, if (是否)引导名词性从句的区别,(1)放在句首引导主语从句或出现 or not 时，只能用 whether,引导。,(2)if 不能引导表语从句。,(3)if 不能引导介词后的宾语从句。(4)宾语从句是否定句时只能用 if。,(5)discuss 后的宾语从句只能用 whether 引导。,注意：doubt 作“怀疑”讲，后接宾语从句时，如主句是肯定句，宾语从句用 whether 或 if 引导；如主句
5、是否定句或疑问句，宾语从句只能用 that 引导。如：,I doubt whether/if he is fit for the job.我怀疑他是否胜任这份,工作。,I dont doubt that he can do it very well.他能把它做好，我不,怀疑。,2表示建议、命令、要求等意义的名词性从句要用,“(should)动词原形”，should 可以省略。如：,My suggestion is that he (should) be told the truth. 我的建议,是要告诉他事实。,He insisted that the meeting (should) be held according to the,schedule.他坚持认为会议应该按议程进行。,The General made the order that every soldier (should) be well,prepared for the coming battle.将军命令每个士兵都要为即将开始的战斗做好准备。,It is the teachers command that all the homework (should) be,handed in tomorrow morning.老师要求所有作业都要在明天上午上交。,
