1、Unit 4,Warming up, Prereading, Reading & Comprehending,自 主 预 习,.单词速记1_ (vi.)爆裂；爆发(n.)突然破裂；爆发2_ (n.)事件；大事3_ (n.)废墟；毁灭(vt.)毁灭；使破产4_ (vt.)破坏；毁坏；消灭5_ (vt.& vi.)(使)震惊；震动(n.)休克；打击；震惊6_ (n. & vt.)援救；营救,burst,event,ruin,destroy,shock,rescue,7_ (vt.)使陷入困境；(n.)陷阱；困境8_ (vt.)埋葬；掩埋；隐藏9_ (n.)掩蔽；掩蔽处10_ (n.)污垢；泥土_
2、(adj.)脏的；弄脏的；卑鄙的11_ (n.)苦难；痛苦_ (v.)经历；遭受；患病12_ (adj.)极度的_ (adv.)极其；非常13_ (vt.)损害；伤害_ (n.)伤害；损害_ (adj.)受伤的,trap,bury,shelter,dirt,dirty,suffering,suffer,extreme,extremely,injure,injury,injured,14_ (n.)幸存者；生还者；残存物_ (v.)幸存，生还_ (n.)幸存；继续生存15_ (n.)电；电流；电学_ (adj.)用电的；带电的_ (adj.)与电有关的；电学的,survivor,survive,
3、survival,electricity,electric,eletrical,.补全短语1_ away 立刻；马上2as_ 仿佛；好像3think_ of 对评价不高，不把当回事4as_ 和往常一样5at an_ 结束；终结6cut_ 穿过；贯穿；抄近路7in_ 严重受损；破败不堪8blow_ 把刮走9_ out 掘出；发现10a(great)_ of 许多；大量的,right,if,little,usual,end,across,ruins,away,dig,number,D B A C,Second细读细节1All the following unusual things happene
4、d before the quake EXCEPT that_.Athe water in the village wells rose and fellBthe chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eatCtens of thousands of cows would never give milk againDfish jumped out of their bowls and ponds,C,2Before the earthquake people were asleep as usual because_.Athey didn
5、t notice anything strange happeningBthey knew well about earthquakesCsomething strange happened in many placesDthey didnt realize the arrival of an earthquake3When did the earthquake happen？_AAt night on July 28,1976.BOn the morning of July 28,1976.COn the afternoon of July 28,1976.DThe writer didnt
6、 tell us.,D,B,4Which is TRUE according to the passage？_APeople paid much attention to those strange things before the earthquake.BBefore the earthquake animals became nervous.CAfter the earthquake water was needed because there was no water in dams and wells.DAfter the earthquake the people in Tangs
7、han lost hope because they were homeless.,B,5What does the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.” mean？_AThe city will not die; it has hope and it can recover from the pain.BThe army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help people.CHundreds of thousands of people were helped.DMost of t
8、he 10,000 miners were rescued.,A,injured,instead,shocked,off,destroyed,at,The people of Tangshan didnt lose hope, because 150,000 soldiers were sent to help the rescue workers. The soldiers tried their best to dig 7._ those 8._ were trapped. They also built shelters for the survivors. Fresh water wa
9、s taken to the city by every means. Slowly, the city began to come back to life.It was said that before the quake, strange things were happening in the countryside. The water in the village wells 9._ (rise) and fell. Fish jumped out of the ponds. Strange noises were heard in the sky，but people thoug
10、ht little of 10._.,out,who,rose,them,Fourth研读难句1The sound of planes could be heard outside the city of Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky.分析：本句是一个主从复合句。when引导的是_从句。译文：_2But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.分析：本句是一个主从复合句
11、。_引导的是非限制性定语从句，_是先行词，在从句中作_。译文：_ _,时间状语,即使空中没有飞机，在唐山市外也可以听到飞机的声音。,who,people,主语,但是，唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没有把这些情况当回事，那天晚,上照常睡着了。,3A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.分析：本句是一个主从复合句。that引导的是_从句，修饰先行词_，在从句中作_。译文：_,定语,crack,主语,一条8千米长、30米宽的巨大裂缝横穿房屋、
12、马路和水道。,合 作 探 究,(1)(burst，burst)vi.爆裂；爆发In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开了。They all burst out laughing at the expression on her face.看到她脸上的表情，他们都大笑起来。,重 点 词 汇,1burst,(2)(burst，burst)v.猛冲；突然出现He burst into the room without knocking.他没敲门就闯进了房间。(3)n. C突然破裂
13、，爆发The sudden burst of the tyre caused the car to roll over.轮胎突然爆裂导致翻车。He gave a burst of laughter.他突然大笑起来。,单句语法填空She burst into_ (tear) the moment she got the sad news.Everyone was quiet when Jenny suddenly burst out_ (cry)单句改错I burst out laughter at the sight of the funny actor._,tears,crying,outi
14、nto或laughterlaughing,(1)n.废墟；毁灭In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒钟内，一座大城市就被掩埋在了一片废墟之中。An earthquake left the whole town in ruins in Yiliang.一场地震使彝良到处是断壁残垣。(2)vt.毁灭；使破产The rain ruined our holiday.这场雨把我们的假期毁了。,2ruin,in ruins 成为废墟fall/come into ruin 被毁了be ruined by. 被破坏A larg
15、e number of churches fell into ruin after the revolution(革命)革命过后，许多教堂都被毁了。,ruin指“废墟”时，常用复数形式。,单句语法填空My new shoes got_ (ruin) in the mud.The country_ (ruin) by the war.Years of fighting have left the area in_ (ruin),ruined,was ruined,ruins,Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.
16、他们之中三分之二的人在地震中死去或受伤。People have been seriously injured in a traffic accident.在一次交通事故中，有人严重受伤。,3injure vt.损害；伤害,(1)injury n伤，伤害do an injury to sb.do sb. an injury 伤害某人(2)injured adj.受伤的；受委屈的the injured 伤员,语法单句填空He suffered_ (injure) to his legs and arms when he fell off the tree.Luckily, the_ (injure
17、) were soon taken to the hospital._ (injure) in the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual.,injuries,injured,Being injured,选词填空He ignored her on purpose, which_ her feelings.Reading in the sun will_ your eyes.Five people were killed and many others were seriously_ in the attack.Lucki
18、ly she was not badly_ and we sent her to the nearest hospital.,hurt,harm,wounded,injured,(1)vt. & vi.(使)震惊；震动The explosion in Tianjin shocked the whole country.天津的爆炸事件让举国上下为之震惊。(2)n.休克；打击；震惊The news of his death was a shock to us.他去世的消息令我们震惊。Her husband was with her, but there was blood everywhere a
19、nd the woman was embarrassed and clearly in shock.虽然她丈夫和她在一起，但是到处都是血，这位妇女很尴尬，明显也很震惊。,4shock,(1)be a shock to. 使震惊be in shock 处于震惊中(2)shocked adj.震惊的；惊讶的be shocked at/by 对感到震惊be shocked to do sth. 做某事很吃惊(3)shocking adj.令人震惊的It was quite a shock to see my face on that screen!从那个屏幕上看到我的脸，真让人惊愕不已！Rescue
20、 workers were shocked by what they saw.救援人员对眼前的景象感到震惊。,ed形容词与ing形容词的区别(1)以后缀ed结尾的形容词(如ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried等)通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物。(2)以后缀ing结尾的形容词(如delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying等)主要用于说明事物，表示事物的
21、性质或特征。,完成句子(重庆高考)The parents_ (被这个消息震惊了) that their son needed an operation on his knee.(重庆高考)The news_ (震惊了公众), leading to great concern about students safety at school.(北京高考)_ (这则令人震惊的消息) made me realize what terrible problems we would face.,were shocked by the news,shocked the public,The shocking
22、 news,单句语法填空People were_ (shock) to see that the little girl was often beaten by her stepmother. The_ (shock) news_ (shock) all the people around, which was also_ shock to her father who was working abroad.We were all_ (shock) to learn that the onethousandyear temple lay in ruins during the earthqua
23、ke last week.解析：be shocked to learn.得知很震惊。An explosion at a local mine killed at least 62 workers and left another 13 injured.Yes, the news came as_ shock to us all.解析：shock此处指“令人震惊的事件”，是可数名词。,shocked,shocking,shocked,a,shocked,a,(1)n.援救；营救Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under th
24、e ruins.有些救援人员和医生被困在废墟下面。(2)vt.援救；营救She died when trying to rescue her children from the fire.她在试图从大火中救出自己的孩子时身亡。,5rescue,come to sb.s rescuerescue sb. 援救某人rescue sb./sth. from.把某人/物从营救出来The police came to his rescue and sent him home.警察救了他，并把他送回了家。,巧记rescue短语During the disaster, the rescue team cam
25、e to many peoples rescue, and the doctors never gave up any hope of rescuing them from danger.在这场灾难中，救援小组营救了很多人；医生们从没放弃使他们脱离危险的任何希望。,单句语法填空We rescued him_ the enemys camp.He dived into the water_ (rescue) the boy.Eventually, the injured_ (rescue) by the helicopter.完成句子He_ drowning.他救起了一个落水的儿童。His fa
26、ther_ and lent him the money.他的父亲救了他并借钱给他。,from,to rescue,were rescued,rescued a child from,came to his rescue,(1)vt.使陷入困境Twenty miners were trapped underground.20名矿工被困在地下。Having been trapped in traffic, he was late for work.因为遇到交通阻塞，他上班迟到了。(2)n.陷阱；困境She had set a trap for him and he had walked stra
27、ight into it.她给他布下圈套，他就径直落入圈套。,6trap,(1)be trapped 使陷入困境trap sb. into(doing) sth. 诱骗某人做某事(2)set a trap 设置陷阱；布下圈套fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套The man trapped Tom into telling the truth.这个人诱骗汤姆说出实情。,完成句子There was a power failure. They_ (被困在) the lift.The manager_ (诱骗老年人购买) insurance which was useless to
28、them.,were trapped in,trapped the old into buying,We needed to bury the dead bodies as quickly as possible to stop disease spreading.我们需要尽快将尸体埋葬，以防止疾病扩散。,7bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏,完成句子In the evenings he_ his books.他每天晚上都专心读书。Their house_ a heavy snow.他们的房子被大雪掩埋了。_，he didnt notice me enter the room.专心于读书，他没
29、注意到我进入房间。,buries himself in/is buried in,was buried by,Buried in his book/Because he was buried in his book,语法单句填空Mr. Richard hasnt got any time to play golf these days, because he _ (bury)in the research of bird language.解析：句意：这些天理查德先生没有时间打高尔夫球，因为他专心于鸟类语言的研究。be buried in专心于。,is buried,The long hot
30、summer was at last at an end.漫长的酷暑终于过去了。,重 点 短 语,1at an end结束；终结,用end的短语填空The meeting_ at midnight.Everything will be all right_.We must_ these endless arguments.The meeting was nearly_ when I got to the meeting room.Since Mike lost his job, he can hardly_.Hes going to relax with friends once the ex
31、ams are_.,came to an end,in the end,put an end to,at an end,make ends meet,at an end,Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.想象一下你的家开始摇晃，你必须马上离开。He is injured badly in the accident, and you should call in the doctor right away.他在事故中受伤严重，你应该立即请医生来。,2right away 立刻；马上,right n
32、ow 现在；马上at once 马上；立刻without delay 毫不延迟in no time 马上；立刻immediately adv.马上；立刻,单句语法填空He is ill, you should call in a doctor right_.If you set off_ (immediate) you will be able to meet him.翻译句子It is difficult to give an opinion right away.译：_,away,immediately,很难马上发表看法。,The army organized teams to dig o
33、ut those who were trapped and to bury the dead.解放军组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。They dug out a large parcel beneath the ruins.他们在废墟下面挖出一个大包裹。 At last the truth was dug out.最后真相被查明。,3dig out掘出；发现,dig的过去式和过去分词都是dug。,完成句子It took me half an hour to_ (找到这本书). I even thought I might have lost it.The reason why th
34、e man suddenly changed his mind_ (还没有被查明),dig out the book,hasnt been dug out,There are a number of highways in the southern and eastern parts of China.在中国的南部和东部地区，有许许多多的公路。A great number of soldiers were sent to rescue the people trapped in the earthquake.有许多士兵被派遣去营救地震中的受困人员。,4a(great) number of许多；
35、大量的,语法单句填空A number of students_ (be) invited to the party, but the number of the students present_ (be) twenty.解析：考查主谓一致。句意：很多学生被邀请参加晚会，但是到场的学生的数量是二十人。a number of“许多，大量的”，作主语时谓语动词要用复数；the number of“的数量”，作主语时谓语动词为单数。,have been,is,As you can see, the number of cars on our roads_ (keep) rising these da
36、ys.解析：考查主谓一致。句意：正如你所见，目前道路上汽车的数量在不断增加。the number of作主语时，谓语动词用单数；再根据时间状语these days可知描述的是现在的情况，所以用一般现在时。,keeps,(1)as ifas though“似乎，好像”，可用来引导表语从句和状语从句。(2)当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的、极有可能发生或存在的事实时，as if从句要用陈述语气。例如：It looks as if it is going to snow.看来要下雪。,经 典 句 式,1It seemed as if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！,
37、(3)当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的、极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。,语法单句填空(北京高考)Dont handle the vase as if it_ (be) made of steel.解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：不要把那个花瓶当成是钢铁做的那样处理。as if引导的是状语从句，从句中用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，应用一般过去时。在虚拟语气中，常用were代替was。(重庆高考)It was John who broke the window. Why are you talking to me as if I_ (do) it?,were,had done,
38、表示全体意义的代词、形容词或副词，如all，both，every，everything，everybody，everyone，always，wholly等和否定副词not连用时均表示部分否定，意为“并非都，并非总是”。All the people didnt arrive on schedule.Not all the people arrived on schedule.并非所有的人都按时到达。,2All hope was not lost.并不是所有的希望都破灭了。,Both of them are not reliable.Not both of them are reliable.并非
39、他们两个人都可靠。Actually, everyone isnt fond of living in big cities.Actually，not everyone is fond of living in big cities.事实上，并非每个人都喜欢居住在大城市。,如果表达“全部否定”，请用no，none，neither，nothing，nobody，never等表示完全否定意义的词，与肯定形式的谓语动词连用。None of us could persuade him into giving up smoking.我们当中没有人能说服他戒烟。Nobody can recognize yo
40、u in the crowd.没有人能在人群中认出你。,英汉互译All that glitters(闪光) is not gold._None of them knew the bad news._Not all graduates can find a proper job after graduation._并非每个人都喜欢骑自行车上班。_,发光的未必都是金子。,他们中没有一个人知道这个坏消息。,并非所有的大学毕业生都能在毕业后找到一份合适的工作。,Not everyone is fond of cycling to work./Everyone isnt fond of cycling
41、to work.,改为全部否定句Not everything goes well._Not both of the girls cared about where to spend the holiday._,Nothing goes well.,Neither of the girls cared about where to spend the holiday.,too.to.在大多数情况下表示否定意义，通常译为“太而不能”“太而无法”。He walks too slowly to get there on time.他走得太慢，不能按时到达那儿。The man is too stubbo
42、rn to be persuaded to give up smoking.这个人太顽固，不能说服他戒烟。,3In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都紧张得不吃食。,too.to.在下列情况下动词不定式表示肯定意义：(1)too后面跟表示心理变化的形容词，如anxious, eager, glad, pleased, thankful, delighted或描述性形容词easy, good, kind等时。尤其在这些形容词之前加上only, but, all, si
43、mply或just修饰时，动词不定式无否定意义。He was too anxious to do this job.他非常想做这份工作。Im only too delighted to accept your invitation.我非常高兴接受你的邀请。,(2)too.to.结构中的too前有否定词时。not/never too.to.意为“做某事还不/决不太”。Its never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。/对学习而言，时间永远不算太晚。,can/could not.too/enough结构常出现在情景对话中，表示“无论怎样也不过分，无论怎么都不够。”You can
44、t be too careful when crossing the road.过马路时，你再怎么小心也不为过。I cant thank you enough.我对你感激不尽。,完成句子I do all the cooking for my family, but recently I_ (太忙而没有时间做)解析：本题由recently可知后面的句子要用现在完成时。Thats the new machine whose parts are_ (太小而不能被看到)Must I turn off the gas after cooking?Of course. You_ (再怎么细心都不为过) with that.解析：can not/never.too/enough均可以表示“无论也不过分”。,
