1、Unit 5 Nelson Mandela -A Modern Hero,一.定义1.定语从句(the attributive clause):在复合句中,修 饰某词或代词的从句叫定语从句. 在句子中起定语作用.2.先行词(antecedent):被定语修饰的词叫先行词.,定语从句,The Attributive Clause,二.分类,定语从句,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, as,关系副词:when, where, why, that,The boy who came first was Song Yalong.,T
2、he boy, whose clothes are orange ,is from class nine.,The students who are wearing school uniform are from Class Nine.,Mary is a student. Shes a girl. Shes16. Her dad is a teacher, her mother is a teacher, too. Shes our monitor. Shes very strict with us. This makes us angry. We all like her.,Mary, a
3、 girl student of 16, whose parents are both teachers, is our monitor. She is very strict with us, which makes us angry, but we all like her.,关系代词的具体用法:,1. Who做主语和宾语, 做宾语可以省略.,Hes a man. I saw him yesterday., He is the man who I saw yesterday.,正在弹琴的那个女孩是Kate.,The girl who is playing the piano is Kate
4、.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Here is the man whom /who youre looking for.Here is the man for whom youre looking for.,The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li.,The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.,3.Whose 可修饰人也可以修饰物,作定语.,This is the book whose
5、cover is blue.This is the book of which the cover is blue.Do you know the girl whose father died in Iraq,Do you know the boy? His coat is black., Do you know the boy whose coat is black?,4. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省),Mrs. Clark is angry with the goat. The goat is eating her flowers.,Mrs. Cl
6、ack is angry with the goat which is eating her flowers.,b. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?,5. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,a. A plane is a machine. It can fly.,A plane is a machine that can fly.,b. He is the man. I told you about him.,He is the man that I told you about.,I dont know
7、the boy that is eating.,The teacher that is battling crying is Miss Song.,指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份：1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. 2.The girl whom I met is Lucy. 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. 4.I like the book which you bought yesterday.,1 The woman is a teacher.2 The woma
8、n lives next door.,The woman who lives next door is a teacher.,We watched the play “ Teahouse”.The play was written by Lao She.,We watched the play “teahouse”,which/that was written by Lao She.,Exercises:1. The girl _ is sitting in the chair is a good singer.2. The skirt _ Mary bought two years ago
9、is old.3. Is this the novel _ you introduced to me?4. Where is the boy _ broke the window?5. Luckily none of the people_I know were killed in the earthquake.,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。,(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。,Everything tha
10、t we saw was interesting.,(2)先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等 修饰时。,All that has to be done has been done.,(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.,(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same修饰时。,This is the only book that he has.,(5)当先行词是人和物共存时,要用that.,He told
11、me about the persons and the things that he met with in Europe.,6.先行词为数词.Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in the water.Now you can see the two that are still alive.,7.主句是以who和which开头的特殊疑问句.Which is the subject that you like best?Who is the man that you spoke to just now?,8. 主句用there be ,用tha
12、t.There are 200 people that didnt know the truth.,9.当先行词在定语从句中作be的表语时,用that.She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago.,用which不用that的情况,1.关系代词在限制性定语从句中,紧跟介词做宾语.(介词提前),Those are many trees under which they can have a rest.,2.引导非限制性定语从句,只能由which.,Football ,which is a very popular game, is played all
13、over the world.,关系代词（who, whom, which, that，whose）,Exercise:,1.The second book _I want to read is Business the Speed of Thought.A. which B. what C. that D. as,2.The book_ is sold out at the moment.A. you need B. what you need C. which you need it D. that you need it,3.Im one of the boys never late f
14、or school.A. that is B. who are C. who am D. who is,4.These book are for students _ mother language is not English.of whom B. that C. which D. whose,5.Is this museum _they visited last month?that B. where C. which D. the one 6.Is this the museum they visited last month?what B. where C. which D. the
15、one,7.The young man _ is an engineer of my factory.that you just talked B. whom you just talked toC. which you just talked D. who you just talked,8.The dictionary _ I paid one dollar was very interesting.that B. which C. for which D. to which,历届高考题回顾1.In the dark street, there wasnt a single person
16、_she could turn for help.A. that B. who C. from who D. to whom2.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _he grew up as a child. A. which B. where C. that D. when 3. We came to a place _they had never paid a visit to before. A. where B. which C. to that D. to which,D,B,B,6
17、. as 引导限制性定语从句.,This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.,这支笔和我丢的那只一模一样.这支笔就是我丢的那只.,This is such an interesting book as we all like .This is such an interesting book that we all like it.,As you know/ as you see/as we planned/ as we expected/ as is announced/ as is reported/as
18、is pointed out/ as he has been said before/ as is mentioned above/ as is shown/ as is known to all/ as we all know, etc.,As 和which 都可以引导非限制性定语从句,有时可以互换.,The earth is round, which /as is known to all.,下列情况多用as.,1).关系代词引导的定语从句放在句首时,用as. As we all know, the earth is round.,2).当such或the same连用时,一般用as.Su
19、ch books as you tell me are interesting.I have the same plan as you.,3).当从句和主句语义一致时,用as反之用 which.,She has married again,_ was expected.She has married again, _ was unexpected.,as,which,1._ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior schools is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It2.
20、Dont read_ books_ you cant understand. A. such ; that B. so; that C. such; as D. so; as3. Finally, the thief handed everything_ he had stolen to the police. A. Which B. what C. whatever D. that,4. The old man has two sons, _work in Shanghai. A. both of which B. both of whom C. both of them D. that 5
21、. John,_ handwriting was very beautiful, was going to the contest, too. A. of who B. of which C. whos D. whose 6.My hometown is no longer the same_ it used to be years ago. A. as B. which C. where D. what,7.The old man _ yesterday is a scientist. A. I spoke B. I spoke to C. whom I spoke D. that I spoke to him,8.The only language _ is easy for me to learn is Chinese.A. which B. whose C. that D. it,9.I wont tell you the reason _ Im so excited.because B. why C. when D. which,
