1、1Unit 4 Global warming.完形填空2018四川绵阳实验学校模拟Wise ProfessorOne day a wise man and his student traveled to a remote and mountainous place. They were well _1_ at a cottage by a family of five. The wise man asked, “How do you _2_ in such a poor place？” “Thats what keeps us going， ” said the host, _3_ to a
2、thin, tired cow.“She gives us milk, some of which we drink and some we make into _4_. When there is extra, we _5_ the milk and cheese for other types of food.” The wise man thanked them and left. When he reached the first _6_ in the road, he said to his student， “Get the cow, take it to the _7_， and
3、 push it off.” _8_ and angry though the student was, he obeyed. As years passed by, the _9_ became too much to bear and the student returned to that cottage to find out what he could do. Upon rounding the bend, he could not believe his eyes. In place of the _10_ there was a beautiful house with tree
4、s all around, several cars in the _11_， a satellite dish (圆盘式卫星电视天线), and on and on. He _12_ the host, who was strong and confident. He went _13_ to the man and asked, “What happened？” The man _14_ with a smile, “Our cow fell off the cliff and died. To survive, we had to _15_ new ways of doing thing
5、s and _16_ new skills. And so, we are now much _17_.”Sometimes our _18_ on something small and limited is the biggest obstacle to our growth. Once you _19_ yourself of the thought “its little but its certain”， then your life will really change. May you have the _20_ to recognize our “cow” this new y
6、ear, and the courage to push it off the cliff.篇章导读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一位智者带着学生来到了一个偏远山区，他们发现一家人只依靠一头瘦瘪的奶牛为生，于是智者命令他的学生将奶牛推下悬崖。这个学生虽然感到迷惑不解，但还是照做了。多年来这个学生一直负疚在心。后来他回到了这个地方，发现这里发生了翻天覆地的变化。这个学生才意识到，解放思想才能发生变化。1A.received BacceptedCeducated Dbehaved答案：A 句意：有一天，一位智者和他的学生游历到一个偏远山区，在农舍里他们受到了一个五口之家的热情招待。be well rec
7、eived 意为“深受欢迎” ，符合语境。2A.succeed BsurviveCaccommodate Dcommunicate2答案：B 根据本句中的“in such a poor place”可知，智者疑惑这家人在这样偏僻遥远的山区是如何生存下来的，所以用 survive，意为“活下来；幸存” ，倒数第二段中的“To survive”也是解题线索。3A.referring BpointingCsticking Dattending答案：B 这家的男主人指着一头又瘦又困倦的奶牛说，是这头奶牛让家人得以维持生计。此处是现在分词短语作状语表示伴随。point to 意为“指着” ，符合语境。4
8、A.cream ByogurtCcheese Dbutter答案：C 根据下一句中的“the milk and cheese”可知，这家人用这头奶牛的奶制成奶酪(cheese)。5A.replace BplaceCexchange Dchange答案：C 根据本句中的“for other types of food”可知，这个家庭利用剩余的奶酪拿到市场上去换其他种类的食物。exchange 意为“交换” ，强调通过物物交换进行易货贸易。6A.bend Bvillage Ctree Dbridge答案：A 根据句中的“Get the cow”可知，这个智者交代他的学生任务的时候，是避开他人的，所
9、以应该到路的转角处，bend 指“道路或河流的拐弯” ，下一段第二句中的“Upon rounding the bend”也是解题线索。7A.valley BriverCcliff Dcave答案：C 根据“push it off”可知，智者让这个学生把奶牛弄到手之后，从悬崖(cliff)上推下去。倒数第二段中的“Our cow fell off the cliff”也是解题线索。8A.Puzzled BBoredCExcited DAshamed答案：A 根据句中的“angry though the student was, he obeyed”可知，这个学生对智者的想法感到困惑、生气，不明白
10、他为什么让自己这样做，但是还是做了。puzzled 意为“困惑的” ，符合语境。9A.depression BconfusionCanger Dguilt答案：D 根据上文语境可知，学生执行老师的决策后，负罪感与日俱增，所以数年后他又回到了这里。guilt 意为“负罪；内疚” ，符合语境。10A.fence BcottageCroad Dhill答案：B 根据第一段第二句中的“at a cottage by a family of five”可知，当年智者和学生初次来到这里的时候，这家人住的是农舍，而现在当年的农舍已经变成了一座漂亮的房子。cottage 属于原词复现。311A.house B
11、passageCbalcony Dgarage答案：D 根据本句中的“several cars”可知，此处指车库里有几辆汽车。garage 意为“车库” ，符合语境。12A.congratulated BrecognizedCacknowledged Dgreeted答案：B 此处指这个学生认出了原来的主人。recognize 意为“认出” ，符合语境。13A.by BbackCover Dabout答案：C 根据本句中的“and asked， What happened？ ”可知，接下来这个学生询问发生了什么，故此处指走近这个男主人。go over to 意为“走过去” ，符合语境。14A.
12、replied BrecalledCreflected Dreacted答案：A 结合上下文可知，此处指男主人回复了学生的问题。reply 意为“回答” ，符合语境。15A.come up with Bput up withCkeep up with Dcatch up with答案：A 句意：这个男士微笑着回答说：“我们的奶牛从悬崖上掉下去摔死了。为了生存，我们不得不想出新办法应对，还要开发新的技能。因此，我们现在过得好多了。 ”本空后的 new ways of doing things 是 come up with 的宾语，该短语意为“提出(方法/想法)” ，符合语境。16A.evolve
13、 BextendCdevelop Dpolish答案：C 句中的 new skills 是 develop 的宾语，develop 意为“发展；研发” ，符合语境。17A.well off Bbadly offCbetter off Dworse off答案：C 正是因为有了新的想法和技能，这家人才过上了更好的生活。better off 意为“比较富裕的；情况好转的” ，符合语境。18A.dependence BattentionCfocus Dfaith答案：A 根据第二段这个主人的解释可知，这家人以前只是依靠一头又瘦又困倦的奶牛为生，这事实上成了他们发展的最大障碍。dependence 意
14、为“依靠” ，符合语境。19A.remind BinformCwarn Dfree答案：D 综合上文这家人的经历可知，正是因为解放了思想，他们的生活才发生了改变。free sb. of sth. “解除” ，符合语境。20A.perseverance BfortuneCwisdom Ddistinction4答案：C 句意：希望你也会在新的一年里拥有这样的智慧，认识到你自身的“奶牛” ，并有勇气将它推下悬崖。作者希望读者能拥有智者那样的智慧。wisdom 意为“智慧” ，符合语境。.阅读理解A2017全国卷A buildityourself solar still (蒸馏器) is one o
15、f the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available.Developed by two doctors in the US.Department of Agriculture, its an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since its all but impossible to find natural sub
16、stitutes. The only components required，though, are a 5 5 sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a containerperhaps just a drinking cupto catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.To construct a working still, use a
17、sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the_water_catchers productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line ru
18、ns upand outthe side of the hole.Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheets center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone (圆锥体) with 45degreeangled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, a
19、nd no more than three inches above, the cup.The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material, and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refresh
20、ment out through the tube, and wont have to break down the still every time you need a drink.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何自制太阳能蒸馏器以便在野外获取饮用水的方法。1What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?AIts delicate. BIts expensive.CIts complex. DIts portable.答案：D 推理判断题。根据第一段末句可知，这些东西可以折叠放进小
21、包中并系在腰带上，由此可知这一太阳能蒸馏器装置是“轻便的” 。故选 D。2What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?AThe tube. BThe still. 5CThe hole. DThe cup.答案：B 词义猜测题。由第二段首句中的“To construct a working still”以及下文中所阐释的具体操作步骤可知，要提高“the water catcher”的生产力，也就是要提高整个蒸馏器装置的生产力。故选 B。3What is the last step of
22、constructing a working solar still?ADig a hole of a certain size.BPut the cup in place.CWeight the sheets center down.DCover the hole with the plastic sheet.答案：C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“ . weighting the sheets center down with a rock”可知最后一步是用石块将塑料板的中心位置压下去。故选 C。4When a solar still works, drops of water come
23、 into the cup from_.Athe plastic tube Boutside the holeCthe open air Dbeneath the sheet答案：D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，地下水蒸发后在塑料板下方凝结成水滴，然后坠落到杯子里。故选 D。B2018河北枣强中学检测Even if trees cannot walk, they are still on the move.In parts of the Arctic, entire forests are moving northward. Across the Arctic, temperature
24、s are rising faster than anywhere else in the world. As that happens, the tree line that marks where forests stop and the treeless tundra (冻原) starts has been moving northward. Trees growing along the tree line must protect themselves from the cold wind. To do this,_plants tend to grow horizontal (水
25、平的) branches low to the ground. The energy it takes for trees to grow this way means they dont have enough energy to make seeds.But as Earths climate has been warming, trees no longer have to just grow horizontally. Many can instead grow up toward the sky. This takes less energy. This happens especi
26、ally in places where white spruce (白云杉) grows. White spruce, which is a North American tree, is quite able to produce a lot of seeds, which can move long distances in the wind. When windblown seeds end up on the tundra beyond the tree line, they finally sprout (发芽) new trees. This explains how a for
27、est can move. Of course, the process would work only if the tundra were warm enough. But in recent years, the whole planet has been warming.New trees will provide shelter for some snow. Keeping the suns rays from making the white surface disappear. Instead, the trees absorb the suns heat. This warms
28、 the air around. The extra warmth encourages even more trees to produce seeds. That further increases a forests ability to expand. Whats more, more trees will trap more snow, preventing much of it from being blown away. 6Snow can trap heat in the soil below, which encourages trees to grow. The recen
29、t rise of temperatures has helped more trees grow past the tree line. People worry about effects on the animals that depend on frozen conditions for food and shelter.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。全文讲述的是即使树不能走路，它们仍然在移动。文章阐释了树移动的原因，以及全球变暖对树木的影响。5What is the main cause of the trees in the Arctic moving northward?AThe
30、reducing of northern tundra.BThe rising temperature.CThe cold and strong wind.DThe rich resources in the north.答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句可知，在北极树木向北移动的主要原因是温度升高。故选 B。6What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 mean?ATo produce more seeds.BTo move northward.CTo respond to the climate change.DTo pr
31、otect themselves from the cold wind.答案：D 指代判断题。根据第二段第四句可知，沿着树线生长的树木必须保护自己免受寒风的袭击。由此可知，此处“this”指的是树木保护自己免受寒风的袭击。故选 D。7What can be inferred from the last paragraph?ANew trees can trap the snow, which may make the soil colder.BThe trapped snow prevents new trees from producing more seeds.CNew trees can
32、 make the air around warmer.DNew trees can bring more food and shelter to local animals.答案：C 推理判断题。根据第四段第一句和第三、四句可知，新的树木可以使周围的空气更温暖。故选 C。.短文改错Mrs White was in hurry to visit her grandson because she missed her very much. It was nearly three months when she last saw her grandson. When she was walking
33、 by a playground, a football fly in her direction. She was already in her seventy. Should she kick the ball back and should she just go past leave it where it was? Finally she gave it a kick with greatly effort and the ball went straight on into the goal. What amazing it was! She helped them win the
34、 game.答案：Mrs White was in hurry to visit her grandson because she missed a her himvery much. It was nearly three months she last saw her grandson. When when since7she was walking by a playground, a football in her direction. She was fly flewalready in her . Should she kick the ball back should she j
35、ust seventy seventies and orgo past it where it was? Finally she gave it a kick with leave leaving greatly greateffort and the ball went straight into the goal. amazing it was! She What Howhelped them win the game.1hurry 前加 a 考查固定搭配。in a hurry 为固定搭配，意为“匆匆忙忙地” 。2herhim 考查代词。人称代词指代前后要一致，由主句中的“visit he
36、r grandson”可知，应改 her 为 him。3whensince 考查连词。根据句意可知，改 when 为 since “自从” 。4flyflew 考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知，用一般过去时。5seventyseventies 考查数词。in her seventies 意为“在她七十几岁时” 。6andor 考查连词。下一句表选择，应改 and 为 or。7leaveleaving 考查非谓语动词。现在分词在该句中作伴随状语。8greatlygreat 考查形容词。用形容词 great 修饰名词 effort。9去掉 on 考查固定搭配。go straight into . “直接进入；径直走进” 。10WhatHow 考查感叹句。 “How adj.主语系动词”为感叹句常用句型。
