1、（英语）初中英语阅读理解解题技巧讲解及练习题( 含答案 ) 含解析一、英语阅读（日常生活类）1 下列材料，从A、 B、 C、 D 四个 中 出最佳答案。Fights at school sometimes happen. But how can you keep away from a fight? Heres something you can do.Be calm（冷静） . Sometimes, you feel so angry that you really want to teach somebody a lesson. But being angry cant solve pro
2、blems. Neither can a fight. Instead, it may bring you more problems. In the school, everyone involved （卷入） in a fight will be punished, no matter who started it. There are winners in a fight.Shout loudly. If you know someone is coming up behind you to attack, turn toward the person with your hands u
3、p in front of your body and loudly say stop before walking away. Loud voice can usually make the attacker calm down. If the person doesnt stop, cry for help by calling out the name of a teacher whose office is nearby._ Your friend may ask you to join in a fight. Learn to say no. Helping him fight is
4、 not reallyhelpful to him. If you really want to give him a hand, try to ask him to give it up. Also, you can tell him if he gets involved in a fight, he may get hurt and be punished. Then, try to learn why he wants a fight and help him find a right way to deal with the problem.（ 1） The underlined w
5、ord attack in Paragraph 3 means _ in Chinese.A. 抱B攻.击C阻.止D吸.引（ 2） Which of the following sentences can be put in the _?A. Face bravely.B. Join in a fight.C. Learn to refuse.D. Talk to someone.（ 3） The passage is written to _.（ 4） The passage is written in a/an _ tone （ 气） .A. sadB. angryC. seriousD.
6、 crazy【答案】 （ 1） B（ 2） C（ 3） A（ 4） C【解析】 【分析】文章大意：面 “打架 ”，我 持有的 度及避免打架的方法。（ 1） 推断 。根据文中 句 If you know someone is coming up behind you to attack, turn toward the person with your hands up in front of your body and loudly say stop beforewalking away. 如果你知道背后有人攻 你理解可知， attack 的意思是 “攻 ”，故 B。（ 2） 理解 。根据文中
7、的 句Your friend may ask you to join in a fight. Learn to sayno. 理解可知，此段介 要学会拒 ，故 C。（ 3） 理解 。根据文中的 句 Fights at school sometimes happen. But how can you keep away from a fight? Heres something you can do. 理解可知，此文主要介 学生如何避免打架，故选A。（ 4）理解归纳题。由文中语句 In the school, everyone involved （卷入） in a fight will be p
8、unished, no matter who started it. 理解可知，作者是以严肃的语气来说明这个问题的，故选 C。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。2阅读理解According to a 2018 study from San Francisco State University, nearly 2. 4 billion people around the world used a smartphone in 2017. By the end of 2019, more than
9、 a third of the global population will be using a smartphone.However, smartphone technology can be a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it sends us unlimited amounts of information. On the other hand, using a smartphone may become an addiction.Erik Peper and Richard Harvey are both health educatio
10、n professors at San Francisco State university. They led the study. Peper explains that smartphone addiction forms connections in the brain that are similar to drug addiction.And these connections form slowly over time. Also, addiction to social media may affect our emotional state. The two professo
11、rs asked 135 university students about their habit of smartphone use and their feelings. They found that students who used their phones the most reported higher levels of feeling lonely, depressed and anxious.Peper and Harvey do not blame users for their technology addiction. They believe it is the
12、tech industrys desire to make more money that is to blame for the technology addiction. The researchers warm that workers in the technology industry know how to control our brains and turn us into addicts.But the researchers say that we can limit our brains to be less addicted to our phones and comp
13、uters. Enk Peper suggests timing off our phones before we sleep or do something important. The researchers also suggest taking control of when and where you answer texts or emails. You do not need to answer them all. And you certainly dont need to answer them as soon as you get them. They also sugge
14、st putting limits on the time you spend on social media. If you want to catch up with friends on Facebook, set aside a small amount of time to it. You should focus on important tasks and do not allow technology to disturb you.（ 1） What can we infer from Paragraph 1?（ 2） The underlined sentence in Pa
15、ragraph 2 means smartphone technology_.A. has a brilliant futureB. can be better than most people thinkC. has both advantages and disadvantagesD. can give us unlimited amounts of information（ 3） What did Enk Peper and Richard Harvey find about smartphone use?（ 4） What does the last paragraph mainly
16、want to tell us? A. Social media isnt that important to us.B. We can train our brine to do many things.C. We shouldnt become addicted to our smartphones.D. There are ways to deal with Smartphone use addiction.（ 5） Which of the followings is True?A. We can use smartphones to deal with loneliness.B. A
17、n addiction cant be controlled if we still use smartphones.C. There were nearly 2. 4 billion people using smartphones in the world in 2017.D. Stop using smartphones if you dont know when and where you should answer the emails.【答案】 （ 1） A（ 2） C（ 3） D（ 4） D（ 5） C【解析】 【分析】【文章大意】本文讲述了智能手机的利与弊。一方面，它向我们发送
18、无限的信息。另一方面，使用智能手机可能会成为一种瘾。（ 1）判断推理题。根据 nearly2.4 billion people around the world used a smartphone in 2017By the end of 2019more than a third of the global population will be using a smartphone.201，全球近24 亿人使用智能手机。到2019 年底，全球超过三分之一的人口将使用智能手机。可知，智能手机的使用已经变得非常普遍。故选A。（ 2 ）句意猜测题。根据后一句On the one hand it s
19、ends us unlimited amounts ofinformation.On the other handusing a smartphone may become an addictionr一方面，它向我们发送无限量的信息。另一方面，使用智能手机可能会成为一种瘾。可以推测出，智能手机技术可能是一把双刃剑，既有优点又有缺点。故选C。（ 3）细节理解题。根据 They found that students who used their phones the most reportedhigher levels of feeling lonelydepressed and anxious
20、他们发现使用手机的学生报告说，他们感到孤独、沮丧和焦虑的程度更高。可知，它会在很多方面损害学生的情绪状态。故选D。（ 4）推理判断题。 But the researchers say that we can limit our brains to be lessaddicted to our phones and compute 但是研究人员说，我们可以限制我们的大脑对手机和电脑的上瘾程度。以及内容，可以推测出，最后一段是告诉我们，有办法处理智能手机使用上瘾。故选 D。（ 5）根据第一段 nearly 2 4 billion people around the world used a sma
21、rtphone in 2017. 2017年，全球近24 亿人使用智能手机。结合选项A，我们可以用智能手机来对付孤独。B、如果我们仍然使用智能手机，就无法控制一个插件。C、2017 年世界上有近24 亿人使用智能手机。 D、如果你不知道何时何地应该回复邮件，就不要使用智能手机。综上所述，可知第三个符合文章内容。故选 C。【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。3阅读理解My first day of school
22、 was very interesting and couldnt be easily forgotten. I went to my science class in the morning and found a seat in the back. I waited there for 15 minutes beforethe bell rang. The science teacher told us about some class rules. No one talked to me and I didnt talk to anyone else. I was one of thos
23、e very shy girls. After the science class, I had an English class. I thought it would be boring but later I found it very funny. When the classes of the morning ended I went to lunch. I sat outside the dining room with no one to talk to and no food because I was too nervous to join the lunch line. I
24、 kept looking around hoping to see someone I knew but I never saw anyone.Lunch ended and I went to have my art class. I was the first one there and not even my teacher was there yet. So I sat at my desk and started drawing some pictures. I didnt notice the rest of the class walking in or the girl th
25、at was standing behind me till I was surprised by the voice, So what are you drawing? It was a girl who had really long hair. She ended up being my best friend and one of the kindest and liveliest girls I know.In the next class meeting, the teacher asked us to talk about the past holiday. I was glad
26、 to make some new friends in the class. The first day of high school was hard for me but I got through it.（ 1） What do we know about the writers science class?A. She was 15 minutes late for it.B. She learned some class rules.C. She made some new friends.D. She sat in the front row.（2） According to t
27、he writer, the English class was.A. boringB. interestingC. hardD. useful（3） The writer had no lunch because she.A. wasnt hungryB. forgot the lunch timeC. was afraid to stand in lineD. didnt like the dining room（4） In the art class, the writer.A. got to know a lively girlB. talked about her past holi
28、dayC. met someone she knew beforeD. drew some pictures about her class（ 5） What was the writers first class in the afternoon?A. The class meeting.B. The English class.C. The science class.D. The art class.【答案】 （ 1） B（ 2） B（ 3） C（ 4） A（ 5） D【解析】 【分析】文章大意：介绍了自己上学的第一天的学校生活经历，有趣而难忘。（ 1）细节理解题。根据文中语句The s
29、cience teacher told us about some class rules 。 No onetalked to me nor did I talk to anyone else 。科学老师给我们讲了一些课堂规则，没有人和我交谈，也没有和其他人交谈。可知她学会了一些班级规则。故选B。（ 2）细节理解题。根据第三行句子I thought it would be boring but it turned out to be veryfunny 。我以为那会很无聊，但结果很有趣，可知英语课是有趣的。故选B。（ 3）细节理解题。根据第四行句子because I was too nervo
30、us to join the lunch line。因为我太紧张了，不能参加午餐队伍。可知作者没有吃午饭，因为她不敢排队。故选C。（ 4）细节理解题。根据第二段句子 It was a girl who had really long hair。 She ended up being my best friend ，那是一个长头发的女孩。她最终成为我最好的朋友，可知作者在美术课上结识了一个好朋友，故选A。（ 5）细节理解题。根据第二段句子Lunch ended and I went to have my art class。午餐结束了，我去上美术课。可知下午第一节课是美术课。故选D。【点评】考查
31、阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。4阅读理解If you want to check where the nearest coffee shop to your home is, if you want to know how to get to a place in your city, or if you want to see where in the world your foreign pen friend lives,theres now a new free online map you c
32、an use.Last month, China started its official onlinemapping service, Map World. Through this freeonlineservice users can fly over mountainsand valleys around the worldand searchforrestaurants and traffic information across the country for free, said Xu Deming, director of theState Bureau of Surveyin
33、g and Mapping （ SBSM）. The bureau, which does Chinas surveyingand mapping work, is in charge of the Map World project.Users can get into Map World through or and search for2- and 3-D images from across the world. The home page shows a view of the Great Wall.It took about two years to prepare the s
34、ervice with all the satellite （卫星）images takenfrom 2006 to 2010, said Jiang Jie, director of the database department（数据库部门）underSBSM.The technology （技术） and website are still at an early stage. The images from inside Chinaare detailed. Users can see close pictures of roadsides. But the views of plac
35、es outside China are less clear.Service providers have more than 80 machines, with the ability to deal with 10 million requests （请求） daily, while Google Earth, Googles mapping service, has thousands of machines, Jiangsaid.Our map service can update （更新） data about twice a year, but Google Earth can
36、update its information every couple of minutes, through satellites, Jiang said.The bureau said it will continue developing Map World. At the same time, you can have a tryfor yourself. Some users have given their opinions about the service after trying it. One student in Beijing said that Map World e
37、ven shows the small bookstore near her school.（ 1） What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?A. To show how valuable the service is.B. To introduce the new online photo-map of China.C. To show the importance of the new online photo-map.D. To tell how popular the new online photo-map is in Chin
38、a.（ 2） According to the Bureau, Map World_.A. only has images of ChinaB. will need another two years to completeC. needs further developmentD. begins with the Great Wall（ 3） What disadvantages does Map World have, compared with Google Earth?A. Information is updated much less often.B. It provided le
39、ss clear images of places.C. Its machines are less high technology.D. It only has black and white images.（ 4） What is the passage probably taken from?A. A notebookB. A guide bookC. A story bookD. A newspaper【答案】 （ 1） B（ 2） C（ 3） A（ 4） D【解析】 【分析】大意：上个月，中国启动了官方的在线地图服务世界地图。国家测绘局局长徐德明表示：通过这项免费的在线服务，用户可以
40、飞越世界各地的山脉和山谷，免费搜索全国各地的餐馆和交通信息。（ 1）段落大意题。根据 theres now a new free online map you can use. 可知第一段主要介绍新在线免费地图，故选 B。（ 2）细节题。根据 The technology （技术） and website are still at an early stage. The images from inside China are detailed. Users can see close pictures of roadsides. But the views of places outside
41、 China are less clear. The bureau said it will continue developing Map World. 可知，世界地图还需要进一步发展，故选C。（ 3）细节题。根据Our map service can update （更新）data about twice a year, but GoogleEarth can update its information every couple of minutes, through satellites, 可知，信息更新的频率要低得多。故选 A。（ 4）推断题。本文主要介绍在线地图服务世界地图，这篇文
42、章应该等在报纸上，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题的关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。5阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、 B、C、 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the wh
43、ole room joins in. You do, too. Why?Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others. The more peoplefollow an idea, the better or truer we think the idea is. Its the social proof（社会认同感）thatworks.The scientist Asch carried out an experiment. It shows how social proof can influ
44、ence us. In aroom, a man is shown Line 1, and next to it are three lines（A, B, C） . A is longer, C is shorterand B is as long as Line 1. He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1. When the man is alone, he gives the correct answer B. Then, five other men enter the room, and each of
45、them gives the answer C as they were told to. Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C. Asch got the same result many times among different subjects （实验对象） .Why do we act like this? Well, in the past, following others was a way to keep from danger. Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hun
46、ting （打猎） with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others action. It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now.Social proof has special power. The advertising industry, for example, often makes use of it. So be capful whenever a company says its product is the most popul
