1、简单句的五种基本句型,英语简单句的组成部分包括：,主|谓|表|宾|定|状|补,主语 表明“什么人”、 “什么事”； 通常由名词，代词，不定式，动名词来充当。,1.Lucy likes her new bike. 2.We work hard. 3.To learn a foreign language is not easy. 4.Playing football after school is great fun.,谓语 表明主语动作，做了什么或者状态； 常由实义动词、连系动词、情态动词和助动词充当。,1.They work very hard.2.Tom feels much better
2、 now.3.They can speak English well.4.They are playing over there. 情态动词和助动词不能单独充当谓语,必须和实义动词或系动词一起构成谓语； 系动词：表状态，后往往接形容词，系动词：is|am|are|sound|look|become|seem等,表语 跟在连系动词后面的词语,用来说明主语的身份,特征,状态. 名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词、介词、从句等均可做表语。,1.My sister is a nurse. 2.The trees turn green. 3.The flower is beautiful . 4.To se
3、e is to believe .,宾语 动作行为的对象，是动作的承受者，一般在及物动词和介词后面； 通常由名词，代词，不定式，动名词，从句来充当。,1.We study English. 2.I saw him yesterday. 3.He wanted to have a pen. 4.She likes playing basketball. 5.Our teacher said that he would go there. 双宾语：指人的是间接宾语，指物的是直接宾语。He gave me two books.,定语 用来修饰名词或代词的词. 形容词,形容词性物主代词,名词,不定式,
4、介词短语等.,1. This is a red car. 2. The building is their teaching building. 3. The woman doctor is my wife. 4. I have something to tell you. 5. The man in front of the gate is Mr. Li. 6. Every student has an English book.,状语 说明动作或状态特征,用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或整个句子。 副词,介词短语,动词不定式,以及 after, when, as soon as , until
5、, if, before等引起的从句。,1. You are quite right. 2. They often draw in the park. 3. We came here in order to learn English. 4. If it rains tomorrow, we will stay at home.,宾补 补充说明宾语。,宾语+ 宾补叫复合宾语，复合宾语有以下几种类型：1 名词（代词）+ 不定式2 名词（代词）+ 分词3 名词（代词）+ 名词4 名词（代词）+ 形容词,名词（代词）+ 不定式,John asked me to help him. Let him g
6、o home. I saw her come out of the room.,名词（代词）+ 分词 现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动,I found him standing at the gate . She could feel her heart beating violently. He spoke slowly in order to make himself understood. He spoke loudly in order to make himself heard.,名词（代词）+ 名词 作宾补的表示独一无二的职位前不加the.,They appointed her
7、head of the English Department. They made him captain of the ship .,名词（代词）+ 形容词,We must keep the room clean. We found her busy. I found the story interesting.,简单句的五种基本句型,主+谓（不及物动词）S+Vi型 He came. She dances.,主+谓(及物动词)+宾 S+Vt+O,I saw her. They like watching TV.,主+ 谓+ 间宾+直宾 (S+Vt+IO+DO) (IO indirect),I gave her a book. She showed her friends all the pictures.,主+系+表 (S+V+P),I am a student. She looks very young.,主+谓+宾+补 (S+Vt+O+OC),I asked Mary to help me. We call our headmaster a wise man.,
