1、高考英语短文改错及语法填空分析与训练定语从句考点规律分析:定语从句短文改错考点主要涉及定语从句引导词的误用、缺失以及多余；语法填空主要考查根据先行词及上下文填合适的引导词。定语从句单句改错之真题训练：1. in other places you are limited to a certain number, of that some may be novels. (全国卷)2. I also enjoyed the evenings when we spent together. (全国卷)3. I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China
2、. (全国卷)4. I have a good friend whos name is Liu Mei. (福建卷)5.(2016四川)The dishes what I cooked were Moms favorite.定语从句单句改错之模拟训练：1. He is the man his car was stolen.2. Thats the hotel which we were staying last summer.3. Thats the palace where we visited last summer.4.Its really a beautiful place, wher
3、e everyone hopes to visit.定语从句单句改错之提升训练：1. This is the factory where we visited last week.2. This is the watch for which Tom is looking.3. The person to who you spoke is a student of Grade Two.4. The house in that we live is very small.5. The sun gives off light and warmth, that makes it possible fo
4、r plants to grow.6. Ive read all the books which I borrowed from the library.7. This is the best film which I have ever seen.8. My father and Mr. Smith talked about things and persons who they remembered in the country.9. Everything which we saw was of great interest.10. His dog, that was now very o
5、ld, became ill and died.11. The reason which he didnt go to school is that he was ill.12. Those who wants to go with me put up your hands.13. The boy, his mother died last year, studies very hard.14. I have two sisters, both of them are doctors.15. Were going to visit the school where your brother w
6、orks there.16. He is the only one of the students who have been invited to the English Evening.17. That is the way which they work.18. Those have questions can ask the teachers for advice.19. Who is the man who has white hairs?20. I will never forget the days which we had a goodtime together at the
7、sea.定语从句单句语法填空之真题训练：1.(2016全国，65)My connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, _ I was the first Western TV reporter.2.(2016全国，阅读 A)Simon is a comedian and actor _has 10 years experience of teaching comedy.3.(2016全国，阅读 D)Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian
8、photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of _have never before been published.4.(2016全国，47)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，_lived from roughly 551 to 479 B C, influenced the development of chopsticks.5.(2016全国，完形)When I was 13 my only purpose
9、 was to become the star on our football team.That meant beating out Miller King, _was the best player at our school.6.(2016北京，22)I live next door to a couple_children often make a lot of noise.7.(2016四川，阅读 C)I prefer to work in black and white, _ allows me to show different specific worlds more clea
10、rly.8.(2016四川，阅读 D)Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素), _has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.9.(2016江苏，23)Many young people, most of_were welleducated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.10.(2016浙江，11)Scientists have advan
11、ced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of _ has been proved.11.(2015江苏，21)The number of smokers, _ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.12.(2015湖南，29)It is a truly delightful place, _ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and
12、pretty cottages.13.(2015浙江，19)Creating an atmosphere in _ employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.14.(2015重庆，14)He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of _ were published in the 1990s.15.(2015四川，3)The books on the desk，_ covers are shiny，are prizes for us.16.(2015安徽，28)Some experts thin
13、k reading is the fundamental skill upon_school education depends.17.(2015福建，34)ChinaToday attracts a worldwide readership，_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.18.(2014安徽，22)The exact year _ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.19.(2014北京，26
14、)I borrowed the book SherlockHolmes from the library last week，_ my classmates recommended to me.20.(2014山东，10)A company _ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad.21.(2014重庆，9)Well reach the sales targets in a month _we set at the beginning of the year.22.(2014四川，4)Unti
15、l now， we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children，_ is quite unexpected.23.(2014陕西，13)Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.24.(2015北京，24)Opposite is St.Pauls Church, _ you can hear some lovely music.25.(2015陕西，15)As the smallest child of his fami
16、ly，Alex is always longing for the time _he should be able to be independent.26.(2015天津，15)The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _ his employees enjoy their work.27.(2014福建，31)Students should involve themselves in community activities _ they can gain experience for growth.28.
17、(2014浙江，5)I didnt become a serious climber until the fifth grade，_ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.学习札记：_参考答案及解析 定语从句单句改错之真题训练：1.that 改为 which，因介词后要用 which 来引导定语从句2.去掉 when 或将 when 改为 that，因这里的定语从句中谓语动词(spent) 缺宾语，故只能用关系代词 that 或将其省略3.where 改为 which，因此处要填关系代词作主语4.
18、whos 改为 whose，因 whos=who is，不仅结构错误，而且意思也不通；whose 引导定语从句，表示“的”定语从句单句改错之模拟训练：1. his 改为 whose，whose 在此引导定语从句。2.which 改为 where，where 引导定语从句且在从句中用作状语；此题还可在 staying 后加in。3. where 改为 which / that，也可去掉 where，因 visit 为及物动词，此处应用关系代词作其宾语（也可省略） 。4.where 改为 which，which 在此引导非限定性定语从句，且在从句中用作宾语(用作 visit 的宾语)。5whatw
19、hich/that 或去掉 what 考查定语从句，并在从句中作宾语，指物，用关系代词that/which，也可省略。定语从句单句改错之提升训练：1. wherethat/which 或去掉 where。2. 把 for 放在 looking 之后。英语中 ,有些短语动词,介词或副词不可与动词相分离。又如:look after, run into 等。3. whowhom。尽管在口语中 who, whom 都能作宾语,但在介词后只能用 whom。4. thatwhich。5. thatwhich。that 不可以引导非限制性定语从句。6. whichthat 或去掉 which。当先行词被 a
20、ll, every, no,some, any, little 等修饰时,常用 that 引导定语从句。7. whichthat 或去掉 which。当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或 the only,the very 等所修饰时,常用 that 引导定语从句。 8. whothat。如果先行词既指人又指物时,常用 that 引导定语从句。9. whichthat 或去掉 which。当先行词为 something, anything,everything, nothing, all 等时,常由 that 引导定语从句。10. thatwhich。11. whichwhy/which 前加
21、for 或去掉 which。12. wantswant。定语从句中谓语动词的数应与先行词一致。13. hiswhose。14. themwhom 或 both 前加 and。15. 去掉 there。16. havehas。当 one of+名词复数作先行词时 ,从句的谓语用复数 ;但是当 one 前有 the (only)时,从句谓语要用单数。17. whichthat/which 前加 in 或去掉 which。18. Those 后加 who。19. 第二个 whothat。当主句是以 who 或 which 开头的疑问句时, 定语从句常用 that 引导, 以避免重复。20. whic
22、hwhen 或 which 前加 in。定语从句单句语法填空之真题训练：1when 由句子结构可以判断这是一个定语从句，先行词是表示时间的 in the mid1980s，从句中缺少状语，因此填写关系副词 when。2who/that 考查定语从句的关系代词，先行词是 a comedian and actor，在从句中做主语，所以用 who 或者 that。 3which 考查定语从句。介词后跟关系代词，先行词为 images，所以用 which。4who 考查定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，故用 who。5who 考查定语从句。先行词为 Miller King，故用 who。6
23、whose 考查定语从句。句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子经常弄出很大的噪音。先行词为 couple，由句意可知 children 与 couple 之间为所属关系，故用关系代词whose。 7which 考查非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是前面的整个句子。8which 考查非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是 melatonin。9whom 考查定语从句的用法。句意：很多年轻人前往偏远地区去追逐他们的梦想，他们中的很多人都受过良好教育。根据句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词为 Many young people，作介词 of 的宾语，故要用 whom。10which
24、考查定语从句。句意：科学家们已经提出许多关于人类为什么哭泣会流泪的理论，其中没有一个已被证明的。分析句子成分可知，空处引导定语从句，此处是非限制性定语从句，which 代替 many theories，故应用 which 引导该定语从句。11.as 句意：据报道，吸烟者的数量在一年内下降了 17%。as 引导的定语从句，在这里作主语，意为“正如，这一点”，代替整个主句的内容。12which 句意：这真是一个令人开心的地方，它看起来和一百年前一模一样，有着蜿蜒的街道和漂亮的小屋。which 代替先行词 place，在定语从句中用作主语，引导非限制性定语从句。不可用 that。13which 句意
25、：创造一种使员工感到自己是团队一部分的氛围是一大挑战。先行词为an atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，此处 in which 相当于 where。作介词宾语不可用that。 14which 句意：他写了很多的儿童书，其中接近一半是在 20 世纪 90 年代出版的。根据句子结构以及选项可知是考查非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语。此处关系代词which 代指前面的 books，作介词 of 的宾语。15whose 考查定语从句。句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。本题考查非限制性定语从句的连接词，先行词为 the books，和 covers 之间是所有关系，故用 whos
26、e。16which 句意：一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。 考查定语从句。depend on/upon 依靠，依赖，介词后只能用 which 或 whom 来构成定语从句的引导词， 先行词为物，故用 which。17which 句意：中国日报吸引了全世界的读者，这表明世界上越来越多的人想了解中国。先行词是前面的整个主句，在从句中作主语，用 which 来引导。18which/that/ 不填 考查定语从句。句意：Angela 和她的家人一起呆在中国的那一年是2008 年。先行词 the exact year 在定语从句中作 spent 的宾语且指物，故用 which 也可用that
27、 或省略。 19which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：上个星期，我从图书馆借了同学给我推荐的大侦探福尔摩斯 。先行词 the book 在定语从句中作 recommend 的宾语，所以要用关系代词，先行词是物，故用 which。20whose 考查定语从句。句意：利润来源于国内市场且在下降的公司可以到国外寻找机会。此处关系代词 whose 作定语。 21which 考查定语从句。句意：一个月之后我们就能完成年初制定的销售目标。先行词 targets 在从句中作 set 的宾语，故要用关系代词 which。22which 考查定语从句关系词的用法。显然这是一个非限制性定语从句。句意：到目前为止
28、我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了 5 万英镑，这是我们始料未及的。which 指代整个主句。23that 考查定语从句。句意：请把所有有关这个职位候选人的信息发给我们。先行词information 在定语从句中充当 have 的宾语，前面又有 all 来修饰，故只能用 that，不用which。24.where 句意：对面是圣保罗教堂，在那里你可以听到一些优美的音乐。先行词是St.Pauls Church，从句主谓宾成分完整，去掉空后依然是完整的句子，可推断出关系词在从句中作的是地点状语，故用 where。25when 句意：作为家里最小的孩子，Alex 总是盼望着他有独立的时间。考查定语从句。定语从
29、句的先行词是 time，后面的从句是完整的句子，先行词在从句中充当状语，所以填 when。26where 句意：该公司的老板试图创造轻松的氛围，这样他的员工就可以享受工作的乐趣。考查定语从句。先行词为 an easy atmosphere，在从句中作地点状语，故要用where。27where 考查定语从句。句意：学生应该潜心于社区活动之中，在这些活动中，他们可以获取成长的经验。在定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用 where。28when 考查定语从句。句意：直到五年级，我才真正会爬树，当时，我爬上一棵树，拿下了挂在树枝上的风筝。后面的定语从句是完整的句子；先行词为 the fifth grade，表时间概念，所以填 when。
