1、2018 年马鞍山市高中毕业班第一次教学质量监测英语试题第 I 卷第一部分听力(共两节,满分 30 分)第一节(共 5 小题:每小题 1.5 分,满分 75 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. When will the two speakers meet?A. At 5:50 B. At 6:10 C.At 6:302. What is the woman doing?A. Waiting for a bus B. Driving a ca
2、r. C. Riding a bike3. How much does a ticket cost online?A. 5 dollars. B. 10 dollars C. 20 dollars4. What color is the girls schoolbag?A Red B Blue C. Brown5. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. In a food shop B. At the mans house C, In a restaurant第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 225 分)
3、听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟:听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间,每段对话或独白读两遍听下面一段对话,回答第 6,7 题6. How did the woman find her holiday?A. Nice B. Just so-so C, Boring.7. Where did Kate go?A. To Swiss B. To Italy. C. To China.听第 7 段材料,回答第 8、9 题8. Why did
4、Susan go to the grocery?A. To pick up the cake B. To invite her friends. C. To buy some drinks9. What will the children do in the afternoon?A Help set the table. B. Have a party C. Prepare for the dinner.听第 8 段材料,回答第 10 至 12 题。10. What is Emmas new job?A. A boss B A lawyer. C. A spokeswoman11. Where
5、 did Emma get to know about the job offer?A From a newspaper, B. At a party in her home. C In the United Union12. Who does the United Union usually employ to get their message across?A Famous people B. Good footballers. C. Popular hosts听第 9 段材料,回答第 13 至 16 题13. whats the probable relationship betwee
6、n the two speakers?A. Teacher and student. B Guide and visitor. C Host and guest14. Where does Ellen often go shopping?A. In the Zen Garden. B In the Highlands C. In the Red River area15. What will Ellen do for complete quiet?A. Go camping. B Study in the library. C, Read at home16. What are the spe
7、akers mainly talking about?AA city. B. Night life C Healthy food听第 10 段材料,回答第 17 至 20 题。17. Who is Michelle Smith?A. A worker. B. A nurse. C. A patient.18. What will Michelle do next month?A. Go to Africa. B. Visit a nursing home. C. Teach the children.19 Which number will you dial to join the proje
8、ct?A244-395-8847, B,242-359-8847 C,242-395-867420. What does Michelle call on people to do?A. Be kind to the children B Drink clean water C Donate some money.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分 40 分)第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分,满分 30 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ASome scientists win the Nobel Prize for their work. Oth
9、er scientists win the “Ig Nobel“ Prize, which honors real science that is so strange. We want to make people laugh and then think, “says Ig Nobel founder Mare Abrahams. He and his colleagues pick 10 of the worlds strangest scientific studies on subjects like Physics, Biology, Medicine, and so on. to
10、 honor each year. Here are two of the strangest Ig Nobel winners since the prize was founded 26 years ago：No-blink photos, almost guaranteed.Why is someone always blinking(4)in your photo? Science says: because you dont take enough picturesWinner, 2006 Mathematics Ig Nobel:An Australian photographer
11、 wondered how many group shots she should take to be pretty sure no one was blinking. She found out you need to divide the number of people by 2 to figure it out. Twelve people? Take at least six photos, But with groups over 50, someone will always be caught blinking no matter how many photos you ta
12、ke.The five-second rule is true -sometimes.Have you ever dropped food on the floor, said, “five-second rule!“ then picked it up and eaten it? The idea is that bacteria wont stick if you pick it up quickly.Winner 2005 Public Health Ig NobelJillian Clark was still in high school when she did her winni
13、ng research on the five-second rule, She dropped foods on the floor and then studied the bacteria they picked up in five seconds. Her discovery? If the floor is clean, the food is safe to eat. But how clean is your floor? You need a powerful electron microscope to know for sure.1. Why was the “Ig No
14、bel“ Prize founded?A. To promote laughter and thought. B. To honor strange scientists.C. To help people win the Nobel Prize D. To make people fight for honors.2. How many shots should you take to ensure a no-blink photo for a group of 32 people?A. 2 B. 6.C. 12 D. 163. Which subject was Jillian Clark
15、s research about?A. Mathematics B. Public HealthC. Biology. D. Physics【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B【解析】本文主要叙述了 “搞笑诺贝尔奖”的来历，并介绍了两位最奇怪的搞笑诺贝尔获奖者。1. A 推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“Other scientists win the “Ig Nobel“ Prize, which honors real science that is so strange. We want to make people laugh and then think”可知，这个搞笑的诺贝尔奖的目的
16、就是让你笑和思考。分析选项可知 A 项符合题意。2. D推理判断题。根据第 5 段中的“She found out you need to divide the number of people by 2 to figure it out. Twelve people? Take at least six photos,”可知，必须把拍照的一组人数除以 2 就可以得出拍照的次数。因此，组 32 人的至少要拍 16 次。分析选项可知 D 项正确 。3. B 推理判断题。根据第二个奖“Winner 2005 Public Health Ig Nobel”奖的获得者是 Jillian Clar 可知
17、，她的研究是关于公众健康的（Public Health）故选 B 项。BThis is a big week for Maya Van Wagenen. Her very first book Popular, her 8th grade diary, hit shelves across the count Shelves in New York to appear on The Today Show, and does a million interviews that accompany the books publication while she says she is worrie
18、d about keeping up with the lessons she is missing back at her high school in GeorgiaAs a middle schooler in a Texas town, Maya once considered herself as an outsider. “ I always struggled with making friends and finding confidence, “ she says, “I felt bullied (欺负)and alone and it was really hard fo
19、r me. “She said it was Betty Cornells teen-age Popularity Guide, a 1950s how-to book bought by her dad that greatly inspired her. She decided to follow the advice -devoting each month of her 8th grade year to different chapters like“ neat-looking and“ Be a Hostess“ and see if she could, in fact. bec
20、ome popular. Every day, shed take notes on how people responded to her secret efforts (nobody knew she was conducting this social experiment)and then she“ d write detailed stories about her experience over the weekend.After she finished the project, she sent the diary to her family. Her aunt passed
21、it to a writer friend who in turn forwarded it to his agent. The agent wanted to sign Maya immediately. It was just the beginning: Penguin was the first publisher to bite and shortly after, Dreamworks got the movie rightsAnd while shes riding the high of Popular for the time being, she has something
22、 else on her mind: her next book. Besides all that homework she has to do when she gets home, she is also writing a novel, for she has a two-book deal from Penguin“People always ask me, “Why dont you just home-school so you have time to work? “she says. “But its fun in school, and I want to be a you
23、ng adult writer! This is my chance to experience high school, so its the most important.“4. Before she read Betty Cornells book, Maya felt that her school life wasA. amazing B. InspiringC. difficult D. simple5. What is the book teen-age Popularity Guide mainly about?A. Advice for teenagers to be wel
24、l-received. B. Advice for teenagers to take notesC. Ways for teenagers to conduct experiments. D. Ways for teenagers to write stones6. Which of the following first published Mayas book Popular?A. The Today Show. B. PenguinC. Dreamworks D. Her aunt7. What can we infer from Mayas words in the last par
25、agraph?A. Her study at high school is necessary and important.B. More chances are available to home-schooled writersC. Many adult writers will come to visit her school.D. Young writers should have teaching experience.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A【解析】本文主要介绍了 Maya 的第一本畅销书第八年级日记 在纽约的书架上上架，在学生中受到了欢迎。4. C 推理判断
26、题。根据第二段的“I felt bullied (欺负)and alone and it was really hard for me. “She said it was Betty Cornells teen-age Popularity Guide, a 1950s how-to book bought by her dad that greatly inspired her.”分析可知，她读 Betty Cornells book 之前，在学校感觉是被欺负的和孤单的，而且感觉生活很难（really hard），really hard 与 difficult 是同义词，故选 C 项。5.
27、A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“She decided to follow the advice -devoting each month of her 8th grade year to different chapters like“ neat-looking and“ Be a Hostess“ and see if she could, in fact. become popular.”可知Maya 读完书后，决定按照作者的建议（the advice）如何让自己有一个整洁的外表等，可知，这是给青少年自己得到让大家认可的建议。分析选项可知 A 正确。6. B 推理判断题。根据第三中的“I
28、t was just the beginning: Penguin was the first publisher to bite and shortly after, Dreamworks got the movie rights”及第四段的第一句“.And while shes riding the high of Popular for the time being,”可知，是企鹅出版社出版了她的第一本书，当时她正受欢迎。分析句意可知，答案是 B 项。7. A【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断题中的（4）根据事实细节，推断合理信息。答案需要从文章的 This is my chance to e
29、xperience high school, so its the most important.进行推断。【答案定位】根据最后一段中的“This is my chance to experience high school, so its the most important.”可知，她认为高中的经历对她来说是非常重要的。【推理关系】题干 What can we infer from Mayas words in the last paragraph? 文章内容 This is my chance to experience high school, so its the most impo
30、rtant.【答案】bring along the appropriate clothing.A 选项 Her study at high school is necessary and important. 关键词 the most important.和 necessary and important.【名师点睛】推理判断题之根据事实细节，推断合理信息。根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到
31、文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论CFor as long as I can remember, seniors have attracted too little attention from society as a whole. For example, people may shrink physically as they get older and have a higher incidence of falls, but how many people ha
32、ve thought about buying a more comfortable and stable chair for their elderly parents?We spend generously on our children, such as hiring a nanny to take care of them When we look for a nanny for our baby, we believe that someone who charges 8.000 yuan must be better than a person who charges 5, 000
33、 yuan because they have a better grasp of how to interact with babies, But when we look for someone to take care of our elderly parents, we usually keep our budget as low as possible, We just want to ensure that caregivers will prepare three meals a day for our seniors, but we dont take their psycho
34、logical needs into considerationThe differences in attitudes are obvious. However, we are not yet old, so perhaps its hard for us to understand the bitterness of the elderly: regression(ib)in health, a handful of pills every day, not being able to catch up with developments in the digital age, and t
35、he disappearance of the old streets and favorite restaurants from the good old days. Those are the kinds of lives they live and we may even live through something similar in the decades to come.If we think about how we want to be treated when we grow old, we should start the changes today. Because t
36、he elderly were once the backbone of society and made huge contributions, they should enjoy the fruits of the countrys development as well8. What situation might old people face according to the text?A. A high and stable income. B. Physical inconvenience.C. Much concern from the public D. Lack of fa
37、vorite food and fruits9. Which of the following can replace the underlined word“ nanny“ in paragraph 2?A. tutor B. coachC. storyteller D. babysitter10. Why is it difficult for us to understand the bitterness of old people?A. Because we fail to catch up with their development.B. Because we are sharin
38、g a similar lifestyle with themC. Because we are too young to experience their conditionD. Because we have spent much money looking after them11. What does the writer think of the elderly?A. They can make greater contributions.B. They deserve the attention from societyC. They should start to change
39、themselvesD. They need a handful of pills every day.【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B【解析】 社会现象类。我们在孩子身上花钱是慷慨的，但我们找人照顾年迈的父母却不考虑他们的心理需求，仅仅局限于做饭等。这是因为我们太年轻了无法理解老年人的痛苦。但他们曾经是社会的中坚力量，为社会做出了巨大的贡献，他们也应该享受国家发展的成果，应该得到社会的关注。8. B 推理判断题。根据第一段“people may shrink physically as they get older and have a higher incidence o
40、f falls, but how many people have thought about buying a more comfortable and stable chair for their elderly parents?”可知，当人们老了，身体会体萎缩，跌倒的可能性增加。但是，很少有人想过为年迈的父母买一把更舒适、更稳定的椅子。分析句子的“身体的萎缩”及“买一把更舒适、更稳定的椅子”可知，老年人面临的是身体上的不方便。故选 B 项。9. D【解题剖析】此题属于猜测词义中的（4）：依据逻辑推理猜测词义。答案需要推断 take care of them 和babysitter 同义关
41、系。【答案定位】根据第二段第一句“We spend generously on our children, such as hiring a nanny to take care of them When we look for a nanny for our baby,”可知是找一个人去照顾孩子。由此可知照顾孩子的是保姆。可推知：此处 take care of them 和 babysitter 同义关系。【推理关系】题干 Which of the following can replace the underlined word“ nanny“ in paragraph 2? 文章内容 T
42、 We spend generously on our children, such as hiring a nanny to take care of them When we look for a nanny for our baby,【答案】take care of them 和 babysitter 同义关系。D 选项 babysitter【名师点睛】猜测词义题策略：依据逻辑推理猜测词义 运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关
43、系，进而达到猜词的目的。常见的逻辑关系有：因果关系，同位关系，对比关系，转折关系等。10. C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的第二句“However, we are not yet old, so perhaps its hard for us to understand the bitterness of the elderly:”可知，因为我们还没有老，所以也许我们很难理解老年人的痛苦。由此可推断出我们无法理解老人的痛苦是因为年轻，故 C 项正确 。11. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的最后一句“Because the elderly were once the backbone of so
44、ciety and made huge contributions, they should enjoy the fruits of the countrys development as well” 因为老年人曾经是社会的中坚力量，做出了巨大的贡献，他们也应该享受国家发展的成果。可知，作者认为老年人值得社会关注。分析选项可知 B 项正确。DAn oval-shaped( 椭圆形)structure, which is believed to be 121 meters across, is shown in a picture of AntarcticaSome say the struct
45、ure is evidence that human civilization once lived in the South Pole, while others say it may be a natural phenomenon.“What if, in the distant past, an ancient civilization developed in Antarctica, creating splendid structures and temples there? “Peter Turney says in a post on Ancient CodeThe post s
46、ays scientists first thought the discovery could be a sastrugi(雪面波纹) 一 a natural phenomenon formed by years of battering( 磨损) by strong, freezing winds and heavy snowfalls. But sastrugi are not known to form in oval shapes.This is not the first time people have suggested there was a lost civilizatio
47、n in AntarcticaEver since last year, some people have been claiming(声称 )that a strange pyramid in the Antarctic has appeared.A video posted on YouTube by Third Phase of the Moon, a You Tube channel, showed a picture of a pyramid-like structure in the snow. Responses to the picture were varied, with
48、some users backing-up the claims, such as James Jason, who commented: “ Excellent report by Third Phase! I also believe things are about to get very dramatic(戏剧性的) and that is for everyone on our planet.”“Ashoka Tripathi from the University of Calcutta said the pictures showed clear evidence of an ancient human settlement beneath the ice sheet. These are clearly characteristics of some sort of human-made st
