1、2018 届福建省三明市第一中学高三上学期第二次月考英语试题（时间：120 分钟；满分：150 分）第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30 分)第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1. What is the man looking for?A. His pen. B. His book. C. His phone.2. What does Carols father as
2、k her to do?A. Talk with her friends. B. Go out with him. C. Put on warm clothes.3. How many members are there in Alices group now?A. Two. B. Four. C. Six.4. What are the speakers talking about?A. Ways of cooking.B. Healthy food for kids.C. Kids helping in the kitchen.5. What is the woman?A. Shes a
3、shop assistant.B. Shes a receptionist.C. Shes a secretary.第二节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. Why does the man sound surprised?A
4、. Lily rejected a job offer.B. Lily was absent from school.C. Lily turned down a scholarship.7. What has Lily decided to do?A. Travel to Dubai. B. Stay with her mom. C. Start a business.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Colleagues. B. Relatives. C. Cl
5、assmates.9. What is Sabrinas sister doing?A. Touring in Africa.B. Teaching in a village.C. Working in a company.10. How can Sabrina reach her sister now?A. By phone. B. By email. C. By letter.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11. What does Maria think of the soup?A. Tasteless. B. Just fine. C. Thick.12. What d
6、oes Karl say can be added to the soup?A. Salt. B. Onions. C. Pepper.13. Where are the speakers?A. At home. B. At a restaurant. C. At a friends house.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。14. When will someone come to check the hot water?A. This afternoon. B. Tomorrow. C. At the weekend.15. How did the students kno
7、w about the flat?A. From a friend. B. From a newspaper. C. From a house agency.16. What will the woman do to settle the problem about the fridge?A. Pay the students for the new one.B. Get someone to fix the old one.C. Order one on the Internet.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. Who is the speaker?A. An inv
8、ited guest. B. A news reporter. C. A radio host.18. In what way has the speaker changed?A. He speaks faster. B. He becomes heavier. C. He cooks more often.19. What is difficult for the speaker to get used to?A. The food. B. The weather. C. The language.20. What does the speaker think of the French p
9、eople?A. A bit cold. B. Generous. C. Easy-going.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、 B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWelcome to BookCrossing!Its a smart social networking website, where books get new life. There are currently 1,583,246 BookCrossers and 11,350,976 book
10、s travelling throughout 132 countries. Its easy to find books, share books, and meet fellow book lovers.Step 1. LabelRegister your book for FREE, and get a unique BookCrossing ID (BCID). This ID allows you to follow your specific book. There are several ways you can label your book:Download free Boo
11、kCrossing labels and print them from your computer.Create custom labels with our Bookplate Creator using your own image and message.Step2. ShareThere are a few different ways you can share your book:Give it away. Pass your book on to a friend, or a stranger! You can find someone in the BookCrossing
12、community whos looking for your book and make their day by sending it to them. These particular methods are referred to as “controlled releases”.Release it into the wild. Referred to as “wild releases”, this type of sharing needs you to leave your labeled book on a park bench or in a train station a
13、nywhere its likely to be caught by another delighted reader.Be creative! BookCrossers might establish an “Official BookCrossing Zone”, a physical location where books are regularly caught and /or released. They may start a “bookring”, “bookray” or “bookbox”, all of which are controlled ways of passi
14、ng books throughout a set group of members.Step 3. FollowOnce youve labeled and shared it, follow your books adventures.When another reader finds your book, they can enter the BCID on BookC and report that its been caught. Some books tend to stay in one region while others really move!21. The BCID m
15、ainly helps BookCrossers to _.A. search for the book they want to readB. share a book that they think is goodC. find out where their book goesD. claim ownership of their book22. Unlike wild releases, controlled releases mean that BookCrossers _.A. send their books to someone they knowB. report their
16、 books adventures onlineC. make careful selection of their booksD. make a choice of who to give their books23. What do we know about BookCrossing?A. It charges registration fees.B. It publishes various books.C. It has users all over the world.D. It encourages its users to write.BWhile most people dr
17、eam of mermaids (美人鱼), few people actually try to become one. How can someone become a mermaid if they dont exist? Just ask Dana Richardson, who is a professional mermaid in Hawaii!“As a child, I always felt very connected to the ocean and played mermaids in the water,” says Dana. “My love of the oc
18、ean took me to different types of work such as a lifeguard, swim instructor, boat crew member, underwater photographer, boat captain, and surfer. I just decided to take it to the next level and grow a tail!”Dana doesnt mean literally (照字面地). In 2008 she began making mermaid tails from materials incl
19、uding shiny fabric (织物) that she wears while free-diving in the waters around Kona, Hawaii. Free-diving means diving without protective equipment. It requires you to hold your breath while swimming deep underwater. As she dives in, Dana not only looks like a mermaid; she experiences what it is like
20、to swim like one too.The waters around Danas home in Kona are filled with wildlife, including dolphins and whales. Kona is by a sheltered sea where the waters are calm for swimming. For ten years Dana has been swimming with the creatures of Kona. Some of them have even learned to recognize her.Dona
21、knows how to swim with sea life because she is a trained marine (海洋的) naturalist. She understands the behavior of sea life and knows how to safely interact with it. Every morning when she swims with sea life she gets to experience her other “home”. “The ocean beneath the depths really is another wor
22、ld. Watching how the world works so gracefully in that circle of life underwater is a beautiful thing.”For Dana Richardson being a mermaid just makes sense. “Ive always felt more comfortable underwater than on land,” she says.Would you like to follow your dream, even if it seems impossible? Dana rem
23、inds everyone, “One person can truly make a difference. By following your heart and offering the world your unique gifts, you will inspire others to do so. The world needs you!”24. What has been influencing Danas work experience most?A. Her hobby. B. Her family.C. Her science teacher. D. Her swim in
24、structor.25. Why does Dana make mermaid tails?A. She needs them to protect her.B. She wants to swim like a mermaid.C. She needs to make money with them.D. She wants to take photos of mermaids.26. Being a marine naturalist helps Dana _.A. get along well with sea lifeB. discover her outstanding giftsC
25、. appreciate the beauty of other peopleD. feel comfortable both underwater and on land27. Dana encourages people to _.A. help those in needB. love marine animalsC. try to realize their dreamsD. protect the marine environmentCStudents who go to class every day may get more than just an education. To
26、combat truancy (逃课), many school districts are offering iPods, laptops and even cars in exchange for perfect attendance.Californias Santa Ana Unified School District partners with a local auto dealership and holds a car raffle (抽奖) at the end of every academic term. Students who made it to every cla
27、ss for the 180-day school year are allowed to participate. “Its caught on. Our attendance rates have improved,” Santa Ana spokeswoman Angela Burrell said last week. “Other raffle prizes in Santo Ana include iPods, movie tickets and other items,” Ms. Burrell said. Similar programs have been carried o
28、ut in districts in Wyoming, Arizona, Michigan and elsewhere.Education specialists see value in such efforts. “Skipping school is often the sign of dropping out, and school are wise to try and reach students before they give up on the system entirely,” said James Appleton, executive director of the N
29、ational Dropout Prevention Center.“Research indicates that those who skip school often come from low-income families, have parents who lack high school degrees, are victims of abuse or neglect; have mental health problems or have parents with histories of criminality,” Mr. Appleton said. “However, s
30、ome are highly intelligent and are just bored with school.”While they agree truancy is a serious problem that must be addressed, some officials are skeptical of giving students iPods or cars as motivators to come to class. Camden, N.J., School Board member Sean Brown told The Philadelphia Inquirer t
31、hat he opposed the reward systems. Former board member Jose Delgado told the paper that the move was unacceptable and sent the wrong message to students. But others believe that students cant be reached unless districts get them in the building. “Many times it is beneficial to get kids to school in
32、order to be able to work on these underlying (根本的) problems,” Mr. Appleton said. “Research suggested that motivators can be effective.”28. What is the purpose of Santa Anas raffle prizes?A. To reward kids for their achievements.B. To provide kids with better education.C. To encourage kids to attend
33、school.D. To raise money for kids in need.29. What does Mr. Appleton explain in Paragraph 4?A. The influence of family.B. The reasons for truancy.C. The importance of safety.D. The problems with learning.30. What is Mr. Appletons attitude to the reward systems?A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Uncaring
34、. D. Tolerant.31. Why did the author write the text?A. To report some new learning programs.B. To describe a Californias school district.C. To discuss a method of tackling skipping class.D. To promote research on attendance rates. DWhat does a cow drink? Your quick answer, like most people, was prob
35、ably “milk” because of the very strong association between cows and milk, even though you are well aware that cows do no drink milk. Similar mistakes also happen at school.Why do some mistakes happen more often than others? In order to answer this question, let us start with an example. In a very fa
36、mous experiment, children are asked whether the two rows of dots presented below contain the same number of dots.If you let yourself answer quickly, dont you want to say that there are more dots in the upper row? Why? Because in your everyday life, at the library, for instance, when a line of books
37、is longer than another one, it usually contains more books. Your brain is very good at picking up on these kinds of patterns in your environment and it will tend to create a “rule”, in this case the “length equals number” rule. We call these types of rules heuristics. Heuristics are very useful beca
38、use they are fast, require little effort, and almost always give us the right answer. But not always! So here, to give the correct answer, you need to actually count the dots in each row. We call this type of strategy an algorithm. When you face a problem, there is always a race in your brain betwee
39、n heuristics and algorithms. Heuristics almost always win, because they are faster. But they are so fast that, when there is a trap, the heuristic makes you fall into it and make mistakes!What happens in your brain when you manage to avoid the trap? Scientists found that people use the area located
40、in the front of the brain called the prefrontal cortex (前额皮质) to avoid the trap. The prefrontal cortex coordinates (协调) the work of all the other brain areas, and its role is usually to determine which areas should not be working. So basically, the prefrontal cortex allows us to inhibit (block) the
41、heuristics.Can you improve your inhibitory skills? Actually our brains continuously adapt and improve as we learn. This characteristic is called neuroplasticity (神经可塑性). So now, when you repeat the same mistakes several times, dont give up! What you must do is ask your teacher to help you find and u
42、nderstand the heuristic you spontaneously (本能地 ) use, then practice inhibiting it many times!32. Why does the author ask what the cow drinks?A. To entertain the reader.B. To make the reader feel confident. C. To test the readers level of intelligence.D. To show that some mistakes happen very often.3
43、3. The “length equals number” rule _.A. is always wrongB. cannot save timeC. is not always rightD. requires lots of effort34. The prefrontal cortex usually _.A. allows people to work fasterB. stops some areas of the brain functioningC. helps the brain create general rulesD. encourages people to foll
44、ow the heuristics.35. To prevent making the same mistakes, students should first _.A. learn how to use the heuristic betterB. find out how the heuristic affects themC. do the same items over and over againD. ask their teacher about the correct answers第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入
45、空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A dogs mind is only equal to that of a two-year-old baby. 36 Therefore, they are probably the first to notice any change in the behavior of their masters. Lets do some deep-digging to understand the amazing ability of a dog.They sense your feelings. Isnt it strange? 37 This is t
46、rue. A study published in the Animal Cognition journal says that dogs are known to come to people who appear sad or depressed. It doesnt matter if the person is their owner or a stranger. They have an ability to sense sadness and are attached to troubled souls.38 Dogs can easily tell when youre play
47、ing with favorites, and if you reward or play more with other pets, your dog might notice it and feel uncomfortable. As they cant say how they feel, they will scratch, yawn or lick their mouths.They smell fear. Lets say youre faced with your worst fear. Would you get scared and run away or just face
48、 it? Before choosing how to deal with it, you should remember one thing. 39 Research shows that dogs often sense their masters responses in dangerous situations. If you fear something and choose to back away, chances are that your pet is going to do the same thing.Theyre watching you. We are all rai
49、sed as respectable individuals who are taught to respect elders, obey the law and help out people in need from time to time. 40 But if you have a dog at home, it is time to be serious about them. Dogs like generous people. So just be careful around your pet; it may judge you on how you behave with others.A. They sense health problems.B. They understand when ignored.C. They know when no ones looking at them.D. You would be setting an example to your p
