1、定语从句,英语语法复习十,定语从句（形容词性从句）在句中做_成分，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即_。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。,定语,先行词,关系代词：,who/that,(whom/who/that),whose,which/that,(which/that),whose/of which,关系副词：where, when, why 准关系代词：as, but, than,限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别,I wont forget the place where I was born. I wont forget Shanghai, wh
2、ere I was born. The Great Wall, which was built in ancient times, is one of the wonders in the world. 1）限制性定语从句是先行词_去掉的部分，去掉它主句意思往往_明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的_，去掉了也_影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用_分开。 2）当先行词是_或_的事物和人时，用非限制性定语从句。 3）关系代词that, than, but；关系副词why，只用于_定语从句。,不可,不,补充说明,不会,专有名词,世上独一无二,限制性,逗号,关系代词引导的定语从句,1that, whic
3、h 引导的定语从句 They like the trees _they planted. Is there anything _ I can do for you? This is the coolest cell phone _I have ever seen. This is the very laptop _ I am dying for. They talked of things and persons _they remembered. Who is the man _is talking to John? The flat in _ she lives is a large on
4、e.,(which/ that),(that),(that),(that),(that),that,which,*必须用that的情况,1）先行词是不定代词，或被不定代词修饰时。如：_2）先行词被序数词，如：_，或形容词高级修饰时。 3）先行词被_修饰时。 4）先行词既指_又指_时。 5）为了避免重复，主句中已有疑问词_时。 6）当关系代词在限制性定语从句中作_时。翻译：中国已经不是以前的中国了。_,something, everything, anything, nothing, much, few, little, none, any, all, the one etc.,first, l
5、ast, next,the only, the very,人,物,which / who,表语,China is not the country that it used to be.,*必须用which的情况,在_定语从句中。当关系代词前有_时。,非限制性,介词,2who, whom 引导的定语从句,The man _ told me the news refused to give me his name. The man _ you were talking about has come to inspect our school. = The man about _ you were
6、talking has come to inspect our school. God helps those _ help themselves.,who/that,(whom / who /that),whom,who,Conclusion,who 在从句中通常作_，也可作_；whom 在从句中作_。当先行词为 those / one / he时，指人通常用_。,主语,宾语,宾语或介词宾语,who,3whose, of which引导的定语从句,_ sides The path _ the sides the sides _ are covered with trees extends t
7、o the forest.,whose,of which,of which,关系代词的省略,1）在限制性定语从句中充当_的关系代词可以省略。 2）当关系代词充当介词宾语时，若该介词位于从句中相应动词_，则可以省略；若该介词位于关系代词_，则不可以省略。 e.g. The flat _ she lives in is a large one.The flat in _ she lives is a large one. 3）way后面引导定语从句的_可以省略。（注意：连词在从句中充当方式状语） e.g. Thats the way _ he answered the question.,动词宾语
8、,之后,之前,(that/ which),which,that / in which,(in which / that),Todays Events Dec.9,Dictation Check 动词练习&一模卷 Check关系代词练习 Learn关系副词,关系副词引导的定语从句,I shall never forget the day _ my daughter was born. The company _ I work is not far from here. They were in a difficult situation _ all efforts were in vain. (
9、白费) We dont know the reason _ the doctor didnt come.,when / on which,where / in which,where / in which,why / for which,Conclusion,when指代时间，在从句中作_；where在从句中作_，也可表示场合，情况或方面的名词，如：_； why引导的定语从句常修饰reason，作_。 关系副词在从句中作状语，可转换成_形式。但在非限制性定语从句中，“_”结构不能代替关系副词。 e.g. They set up a state for their own, _ they wou
10、ld be free to keep Negroes as slaves.,时间状语,地点状语,case, condition, situation, point, position,原因状语,介词+which,介词+which,where,判断关系代词与关系副词,This is the mountain village _ I stayed last year. This is the mountain village _ I visited last year. Ill never forget the days _ I worked together with you. I will n
11、ever forget the days _ I spent in the countryside. 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于_,where,(which / that),when,(which / that),定语从句中所缺的成分,比较下列相似结构的句子,Is this school _ you visited the other day？ Is this school _ you visited your uncle the other day？ Is this the school _ you visited the other day？ Is this the school
12、_ you visited your uncle the other day？,the one (that),where,(that / which),where,介词关系代词引导的定语从句,判断介词是否用对的一个有效方法是：定语从句中_是否通顺，如果通顺则说明介词选对了。 The girl _ whom you work is his girl friend. The goals _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him. Shes married to a physician _ whom yo
13、u may have heard. He has given me some reference books _ which I am not familiar.,谓语动词,介词,先行词,with,for,of,with,熟悉一些短语，准确使用介词,如：with ones helpwith whose help， in ones honorin whose honor， in this casein which case We extended our warm welcome to the visiting delegation _ honor a grand banquet was giv
14、en. He may be late, _ case we ought to wait for him. Helen always lends her warm hand to me, _ help I can successfully pass all the examinations.,in whose,in which,with whose,有些“动词介词”构成的短语动词被看成是不可分割的整体，介词_（能/不能）移到关系代词前。如：_ 翻译：护士们正在照看的婴儿非常健康。_,look after, look for, put off, give up, take care of, pay
15、 attention to, call on, put up with,不能,The babies (whom/who) the nurses are looking after are very healthy.,名词/数词/代词/形容词最高级 + 介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句 She has written a book, the name of _ has been forgotten. There are fifty students in our class, all of _ are working hard. There are five continents in the w
16、orld, the largest of _ is Asia.,which,whom,which,as的用法,1引导限制性定语从句：asas; suchas; soas; the sameas *区别1：（填写连词） Ive never seen such a clever boy _ he is. Ive never seen such a clever boy _ I wont forget him. Here is so big a stone _ no man can lift it. Here is so big a stone _ no man can lift. *区别2：（填写
17、连词） This is the same bag _ I lost yesterday. 和一样 This is the same bag _ I lost yesterday. 同一个包,as,that,that,as,as,that,2引导非限制性定语从句：（as和which的区别）,Richard passed all his examinations, _ pleased his parents. _ is expected, the result is satisfactory. = The result, _ is expected, is satisfactory. = The
18、result is satisfactory, _ is expected. Tom spent four years in college, during _ time he learned French. She was late, _ is often the case. It rained hard yesterday, _ prevented me from going to the park. The bridge is wonderful, _ is shown in the picture.,which,As,as,as,which,as,as,which,1）位置不同： wh
19、ich 引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句_， as 引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句_，_或_。 2）which 表示“_”，and this / and that; 而 as 表示“_”。as在非限制定语从句中不能指_先行词。 *as的一些固定搭配：,之后,之前,之后,之中,这件事，这一点,正如，就像,单个的,as we (all) know; as is known to all; as is often the case; as is said/ mentioned above; as often happens,准关系代词,1but在定语从句中通常作主语。相当于whonot, whi
20、chnot, thatnot。There is no rule but has exceptions. =_There is no one but knows about this affair. =_ 2than作关系代词引导定语从句，充当主语或宾语。than前面需要有比较级。Dont give him more money _ is necessary.To save money, he has to do more work _ is good for his health.,There is no rule that has no exceptions.,There is no one
21、 who doesnt know about this affair.,than,than,定语从句中的主谓一致,1. He is one of my friends who _ working hard. (be)He is the only one of my friends who _ working hard. (be) 2. The football team, which _ well, will come out first. (play)The football team, who _ having a rest, will give an interview to the r
22、eporters. (be),are,is,plays,are,含有插入语的定语从句,1. Jim is the new comer _ I believe has great potential. (who/ whom) 2. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science.A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is,who,A,Translation,这是我度过童年的地方。(spend)Th
23、is is the place where / in which I spent my childhood. 我不喜欢你那样地嘲笑我儿子。(way)I dont like the way (that / in which) you laugh at my son. 不出所料，我们队赢得了这场比赛。(expect)Our team won the match, as was expected.,Translation,没有什么困难是我们无法克服的。(but)There is no difficulty but we can overcome. 与我一起工作的那个同事能讲法语。(介词+关系代词)T
24、he colleague with whom I am working can speak French.,Homework,1. 背基本要求及零距离上translation 2. 定从练习 3. 浦东一模卷66-73 4. Translation,Todays Events Dec.10,Dictation Check 定从练习讲&一模卷 听力一篇 限时阅读2篇,Homework,1. 背基本要求及translation 2. 浦东一模卷51-65,78-81 3. 定从练习25题 4. translation,Todays Events Dec.10,Dictation Check 一模卷
25、及定从练习 Oral test,Homework,1. 背基本要求及translation，复习定从知识点 2. 浦东一模卷51-65,78-81 3. 零距离P265-266阅读2篇，P313翻译（一）6-15，（Check by yourselves,周一收） 4. 听力一篇,Todays Events Dec.13,Dictation Check 一模卷及零距离阅读 定从测试 讲作文,Todays Events Dec.14,Dictation Check定从测试 名词性从句复习 限时阅读2篇,Todays Events Dec.15,Dictation Check定从测试 名词性从句复习 限时阅读2篇,
