1、）人称的变化,一 随 主,二随宾,三 不 变,引号内的第一人 称变间引后与主 句主语的人称保 持一致,引号内的第二人 称变间引后与主 句宾语的人称保 持一致,引号内的第三人 称在变间引后去人 称不变,She said,“ I like Tennis.”,She said that sheliked tennis,He said to Lily, “ you must get up early”,He told Lily thatshe must get upearly,She said to me , “ They want to help him”,She told me that That
2、 they wanted help him,一随主，二随宾，三不变,Practice:1) He said,“ My brother failed in the exam.”He said _brother had failed in the exam.2) He said to Mary,“ How is your mother now?”he asked Mary how _mother was then.3)My teacher said, she is a good student. My teacher said _was a good student4) He said to me
3、,“ Ive left her book in your room”He told me that _had left _ book in _ room.,his,her,she,he,her,my,1.“ We want you to take a message for her.“ said the Greens.,The Greens told me that wanted to take a message for .,2.“Are you willing to lend us a hand?“ she said to him.,She asked him whether was wi
4、lling to lend a hand.,由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变:,1. 不变的真理The teacher said to the students, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” The teacher told the students that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.,2. 经常的习惯：He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.” He told the d
5、octor that he smokes two packs every day.,3. 历史事件：The teacher said, “World War ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.,4. 部分情态动词,如must, ought to, used to, had better等：She said to me: “You must hurry up.” She told me that I must hurry up.,1. She said “ Ill come this evening.”Sh
6、e said (that) she would go that evening. 2. My sister said to me, “Im leaving tomorrow.”My sister told me (that) she was leaving the next (following) day. 3.He said, “My mother is not here now.”He said (that) his mother was not there then. 4.Nancy said,” I am very happy today.”Nancy said (that) she
7、was very happy that day. 5. He said, “ The earth goes round the sun.”He said (that) the earth goes round the sun.,1. 直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法 引导词为:语序:,that,不变,(that可省略),“Do you know my name?”,She asked me,I knew her name.,Whether / if,是否,“Do you like English?”,She asked me,I liked English.,Whether / if,“Ca
8、n you help me?”,She asked me,I could help her.,Whether / if,“Are you at home yesterday?”,She asked me,I was at home the day before.,Whether / if,“Are you ready?”,She asked me,I was ready.,Whether / if,Are you a teacher? ( They asked him ),They asked him,Whether/if,you are a teacher,you are a teacher
9、.,he,was,They asked him whether he was a teacher.,Do you have math? ( They asked him ),They asked him,Whether/if,you have math,you have math.,he,had,They asked him whether/if he had math.,2.一般疑问句直接引语变间接引语,Can you play the piano? ( They asked him ),They asked him,Whether/if,You can play the piano,you
10、 can play the piano.,he,could,They asked him whether/if he could play the piano.,1. He said, “Are you interested in it?”He asked (me) if/whether I was interested in it. 2. He said, “Do you like this film?”He asked if/whether I liked that film. 3. He said to me, “Will you be free tomorrow?”He asked m
11、e if/whether I would be free the next day. 4. “Do you like English or not?” he asked me.He asked me whether I liked English or not.,3. 直接引语是一般疑问句变为间接引语的方法 引导词为: 语序:,if 或 whether,陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）,注意：与or或 or not连用时，不用if，要用whether.,“What are you doing?”,She asked me,I was doing.,what,“Why do you like Eng
12、lish?”,He asked me,I liked English,why,“Where does he live?”,She asked me,he lived.,where,“How does she go to school?”,She asked me,She went to school.,how,When do you have math? ( They asked him ),They asked him,when,you have math,you have math.,he,had,They asked him when he had math.,Summary(总结),1
13、.特殊疑问句直接引语变间接引语,She said to me “ Why are you interested in science?”She asked me _ _ _interested in science. 2. He asked him “when will you buy the red coat?”He asked him _ _ _ buy the red coat. 3. Shirley asked me “Where were you born?”Shirley asked me _ _ _ born. 4. “ Whats wrong with you?” Lily a
14、sked me.Lily asked me _ _ _ with _. 5. The girl asked me “What happened?”The girl asked me _ _.,Exercises:,why I was,when he would,where I was,what was wrong me,what happened,1. “Where is she from?” He asked where she was from.2. “How old are they?”He asked how old they were.3. “Whats the weather li
15、ke today?”He asked what the weather was like that day.4. “How do you go to school?.”He asked how you went to school.5. “Who is singing?”He asked who was singing.6. “When do you get up?”He wanted to know when I got up.,2. 直接引语是特殊疑问句变为间接引语的方法 引导词为: 语序:,“What do you want?” he asked me.He asked me what
16、I wanted. 2. The teacher asked, “Why do you want to do that?”The teacher asked us why I wanted to do that. 3. She said, “Where have you been?”She asked me where I had been. 4. He asked me, “Which is the best?”He asked me which was the best.,特殊疑问词wh-,陈述（即主语在前，谓语在后）,直接引语是祈使句，则改为 tell/order/ask sb. (no
17、t) to do sth. 其他变化同上。,祈使句,He said, “Please come here tomorrow.”The teacher said, “Dont talk any more.”,He asked me to go there the next day.,The teacher told us not to talk any more.,4. 直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语的方法 间接引语应改为“tell (ask, order等) sb (not) to do sth.”句型。 She said, “ Dont talk.” She asked the childre
18、n She said, “Be quiet.” She asked me She said, “Put up you hands if you have any questions. She told us,to put up our hands if we had any questions.,to be quiet.,not to talk.,Review,宾 语 从 句,引导词,语序：,时态：,that,if/whether,疑问词,陈述语序,主句为现在时态，从句可以是需要的任何时态,主句为过去时态，从句应使用相应的过去的时态。,从句如果描述的是客观真理、科学理论等则永远用一般现在时态。,陈述句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,
