1、20102018年考研英语二真题及答案 2010考研英语二真题及答案 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following passage. For each numbered blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET l. (10 points) The outbreak of swine flu that was first detected in Mexic
2、o was declared a global epidemic on June 11, 2009. It is the first worldwide epidemic_1_ by the World Health Organization in 41 years. The heightened alert _2_an emergency meeting with flu experts in Geneva that convened after a sharp rise in cases in Australia, and rising_3_in Britain, Japan, Chile
3、 and elsewhere. But the epidemic is “_4_“ in severity, according to Margaret Chan, the organizations director general, _5_ the overwhelming majority of patients experiencing only mild symptoms and a full recovery, often in the _6_ of any medical treatment. The outbreak came to global_7_in late April
4、 2009, when Mexican authorities noticed an unusually large number of hospitalizations and deaths_8_healthy adults. As much of Mexico City shut down at the height of a panic, cases began to _9_in New York City, the southwestern United States and around the world. In the United States, new cases seeme
5、d to fade_10_warmer weather arrived. But in late September 2009, officials reported there was _11_flu activity in almost every state and that virtually all the_12_tested are the new swine flu, also known as (A) H1N1, not seasonal flu. In the U.S., it has_13_more than one million people, and caused m
6、ore than 600 deaths and more than 6,000 hospitalizations. Federal health officials_14_Tamiflu for children from the national stockpile and began_15_orders from the states for the new swine flu vaccine. The new vaccine, which is different from the annual flu vaccine, is _16_ ahead of expectations. Mo
7、re than three million doses were to be made available in early October 2009, though most of those _17_doses were of the FluMist nasal spray type, which is not_18_for pregnant women, people over 50 or those with breathing difficulties, heart disease or several other _19_. But it was still possible to
8、 vaccinate people in other high-risk group: health care workers, people _20_infants and healthy young people. 1 A criticized B appointed Ccommented D designated 2 A proceeded B activated C followed D prompted 3 A digits B numbers C amounts D sums 4 A moderate B normal C unusual D extreme 5 A with B
9、in C from D by 1 20102018年考研英语二真题及答案 6 A progress B absence C presence D favor 7 A reality B phenomenon C concept D notice 8. Aover B for C among D to 9 A stay up B crop up C fill up D cover up 10 A as B if C unless D until 11 A excessive B enormous C significant Dmagnificent 12 Acategories B exampl
10、es C patterns D samples 13 A imparted B immerse C injected D infected 14 A released B relayed C relieved D remained 15 A placing B delivering C taking D giving 16 A feasible B available C reliable D applicable 17 A prevalent B principal C innovative D initial 18 A presented B restricted C recommende
11、d D introduced 19 A problems B issues C agonies D sufferings 20 A involved in B caring for C concerned with D warding off Section Reading comprehension Part A Text1 The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst, “Beautiful In
12、side My Head Forever”，at Sothebys in London on September 15th 2008. All but two pieces sold, fetching more than 70m, a record for a sale by a single artist. It was a last victory. As the auctioneer called out bids, in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street, Lehman Brothers, filed for bankru
13、ptcy. The world art market had already been losing momentum for a while after rising bewilderingly since 2003. At its peak in 2007 it was worth some $65 billion, reckons Clare McAndrew, founder of Arts Economics, a research firmdouble the figure five years earlier. Since then it may have come down t
14、o $50 billion. But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth, enormous egos, greed, passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries. In the weeks and months that followed Mr Hirsts sale, spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable
15、, especially in New York, where the bail-out of the banks coincided with the loss of thousands of jobs and the financial demise of many art-buying investors. In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms. Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds, and in the most
16、 overheated sectorfor Chinese contemporary artthey were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008. Within weeks the worlds two biggest auction houses, Sothebys and Christies, had to pay out nearly $200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them. The current downturn in t
17、he art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists 2 20102018年考研英语二真题及答案 at the end of 1989, a move that started the most serious contraction in the market since the Second World War. This time experts reckon that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average, though so
18、me have been far more fluctuant. But Edward Dolman, Christies chief executive, says: “Im pretty confident were at the bottom.” What makes this slump different from the last, he says, is that there are still buyers in the market, whereas in the early 1990s, when interest rates were high, there was no
19、 demand even though many collectors wanted to sell. Christies revenues in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006. Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work t
20、o sell. The three Dsdeath, debt and divorcestill deliver works of art to the market. But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away, waiting for confidence to return. 21.In the first paragraph, Damien Hirsts sale was referred to as “a last victory” because _. A. the art market had witnessed a
21、succession of victories B. the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bids C. Beautiful Inside My Head Forever won over all masterpieces D. it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis 22.By saying “spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable”(Line 1-2,Para.3) ，
22、the author suggests that_. A. collectors were no longer actively involved in art-market auctions B .people stopped every kind of spending and stayed away from galleries C. art collection as a fashion had lost its appeal to a great extent D .works of art in general had gone out of fashion so they wer
23、e not worth buying 23. Which of the following statements is NOT true? A .Sales of contemporary art fell dramatically from 2007 to 2008. B. The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum. C. The market generally went downward in various ways. D. Some art dealers were awaiting better chanc
24、es to come. 24. The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are _ A. auction houses favorites B. contemporary trends C. factors promoting artwork circulation D. styles representing impressionists 25. The most appropriate title for this text could be _ A. Fluctuation of Art Prices B. Up-to-date Art
25、Auctions C. Art Market in Decline D. Shifted Interest in Arts 3 20102018年考研英语二真题及答案 Text2 I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living rooma womens group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas a
26、nd anecdotes, while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward the end of the evening I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands dont talk to them. This man quickly nodded in agreement. He gestured toward his wife and said, “Shes the talker in our family.“ The room bur
27、st into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. “Its true,“ he explained. “When I come home from work, I have nothing to say. If she didnt keep the conversation going, wed spend the whole evening in silence.“ This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than wo
28、men in public situations, they often talk less at home. And this pattern is wreaking havoc with marriage. The pattern was observed by political scientist Andrew Hacker in the late 1970s. Sociologist Catherine Kohler Riessman reports in her new book “Divorce Talk“ that most of the women she interview
29、edbut only a few of the mengave lack of communication as the reason for their divorces. Given the current divorce rate of nearly 50 percent ，that amounts to millions of cases in the United States every year a virtual epidemic of failed conversation. In my own research complaints from women about the
30、ir husbands most often focused not on tangible inequities such as having given up the chance for a career to accompany a husband to his or doing far more than their share of daily life-support work like cleaning, cooking, social arrangements and errands. Instead they focused on communication: “He do
31、esnt listen to me.“ “He doesnt talk to me.“ I found as Hacker observed years before that most wives want their husbands to be first and foremost conversational partners but few husbands share this expectation of their wives. In short the image that best represents the current crisis is the stereotyp
32、ical cartoon scene of a man sitting at the breakfast table with a newspaper held up in front of his face, while a woman glares at the back of it, wanting to talk. 26. What is most wives main expectation of their husbands? A. Talking to them. B. Trusting them. C. Supporting their careers. D. Sharing
33、housework. 27. Judging from the context, the phrase “wreaking havoc”(Line 3,Para.2)most probably means _ . A. generating motivation. B. exerting influence C. causing damage D. creating pressure 28. All of the following are true EXCEPT_ A. men tend to talk more in public than women B. nearly 50 perce
34、nt of recent divorces are caused by failed conversation 4 20102018年考研英语二真题及答案 C. women attach much importance to communication between couples D. a female tends to be more talkative at home than her spouse 29. Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of this text? A. The moral decayin
35、g deserves more research by sociologists. B. Marriage break-up stems from sex inequalities. C. Husband and wife have different expectations from their marriage. D. Conversational patterns between man and wife are different. 30. In the following part immediately after this text, the author will most
36、probably focus on _ A. a vivid account of the new book Divorce Talk B. a detailed description of the stereotypical cartoon C. other possible reasons for a high divorce rate in the U.S. D. a brief introduction to the political scientist Andrew Hacker Text 3 Over the past decade, many companies had pe
37、rfected the art of creating automatic behaviors habits among consumers. These habits have helped companies earn billions of dollars when customers eat snacks, apply lotions and wipe counters almost without thinking, often in response to a carefully designed set of daily cues. “There are fundamental
38、public health problems, like dirty hands instead of a soap habit, that remain killers only because we cant figure out how to change peoples habits,” Dr. Curtis said. “We wanted to learn from private industry how to create new behaviors that happen automatically.” The companies that Dr. Curtis turned
39、 to Procter that jurors should be selected randomly from a representative cross section of the community; that no citizen should be denied the right to serve on a jury on account of race, religion, sex, or national origin; that defendants are entitled to trial by their peers; and that verdicts shoul
40、d represent the conscience of the community and not just the letter of the law. The jury is also said to be the best surviving example of direct rather than representative democracy. In a direct democracy, citizens take turns governing themselves, rather than electing representatives to govern for t
41、hem. But as recently as in 1986, jury selection procedures conflicted with these democratic ideals. In some states, for example, jury duty was limited to persons of supposedly superior intelligence, education, and moral character. Although the Supreme Court of the United States had prohibited intentional racial discrimination in jury selection as early as the 1880 case of Strauder v. West Virginia, the practice of selecting so-called elite or blue-ribbon juries provided a convenient way around this and other antidiscrimination laws. 6
