1、1短文改错题备考指导之一（学案）PartII 常见错误： 1、行文逻辑 2、上下文一致 3、词的搭配和词本身的用法一、行文逻辑错误：语意矛盾：and-but come-go luckily-unluckily here-there语意重复：becauseso; though-but; repeat-again; improve-better; enter into; marry with; in last week; all what; the place where he lives in; the girl whom he works with her; 主系表+to do it. 练习：
2、1. I like singing, my brother likes playing football.2. Do you like sports? If not, join our football team. 3. Unless you lose heart, youll fail. 4. He wrote to me immediately as soon as he got there.5. Though it was cold, but he went out.二、上下文一致： 1. 时态一致 2. 主谓一致 3. 指代一致4. 平行结构前后要一致 5. 名词单复数与修饰语和上下文
3、要一致1.时态一致1) I would like very much to come but I had an examination tomorrow.2) He offered me coffee and other drinks. We have a good time together.3) Im sorry. I forget to post your letter.2.主谓一致1) The students watches the teacher doing the experiment. 2) Helping him are worthwhile.3) He as well as
4、 his friends know nothing about it. 4). Not only he but also I keeps it a secret.3.指代一致1) Pass Rose and I two pieces of bread, please.2) The football team has done well this year. All of their members have tried hard.3) He drove too fast and the police stopped her. 4) This is true that he died in an
5、 accident yesterday.5) This is the best film which I have ever seen. 6) The weather in Beijing is warmer than it in Jilin.4.平行结构前后要一致1) He came in, opening his book and began to speak.2) She was eating her sandwich and drank her milk at the table.3) He wanted his children to come out and played. 4)
6、The more he has, and the more he wants.5) Sitting down and he began to work. 6) I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.总结： 平行结构连接词：and ; but; or; both. and; not. but, either. or, neither. nor, not only. but(also), rather than, instead of 5.名词单复数与修饰语和上下文要一致1) 只修饰可数名词： a large/great number o
7、f, a good/great many, dozens/scores of, quite a few2) 只修饰不可数名词：a great deal of, a large amount of, quite a little3) 抽象名词具体化： a success; a failure; a surprise, 4) 物质名词表一场、一杯、一份 a heavy rain; a coffee5) 常见的不可数名词：fun; advice; information; furniture; progress; luggage/baggage6) 零冠词 1. 三餐、季节和学科 2. 表职务、头衔
8、的表语、同位语或补足语3. 球类运动和棋类游戏 4. by+交通工具 练习：1) We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese and physics.2) He gave me some valuable advices on how to learn English.3) It is pleasure to help others when they are in trouble.4) Large quantities of water is needed for cooling purpose.5) A overpass sho
9、uld be built over the road to avoid accidents.三、词的搭配及词本身的用法 1.动词1) We should stop the children from play with fire. 2) He sat under the tree ate an apple.3) He wanted try it again. 4) Do you know where he is lives?5) What your favorite sport? 26) The song has taught many times.7) What has been happe
10、ned? 8) Play basketball is his favourite sport.9) He reading English in the morning every day. 10) The news was really excited.11) He across the street quickly. 12) The water is felt cold.13) He made me to post a letter for him. 14) Working hard and youll succeed.总结：非谓语用法：主动关系用 doing, 被动用 done。 实意动词
11、一般时前不用 be; vt 被动不可缺 be； vi 不能被动故无 be; 系表结构中不可少 be.2.形容词和副词系动词+形容词 主 谓 宾+ 补语（形容词 ）形容词 +名词 句子+形容词 （伴随状语） V +副词 副词 +形容词 副词 + 副词 副词 +过去分词 副词 + 句子1) The fish has gone bad. It tastes terribly. 2) He walked very slow.3) The bad news made us sadly. 4) People have been great helped by the computer.5) They th
12、ink high of their new teacher. 6) This dancer is much more younger than that one.注意：副词与形容词含义不同l) close 接近地 closely 仔细地，密切地 2) free 免费地 freely 自由地，无拘束地3) hard 努力地 hardly 几乎不 4) late 晚，迟 lately 近来5) most 极，非常 mostly 主要地 6) wide 广阔地， widely 广泛地7) high 高 highly 高度地，非常地 8) deep 深， deep ly 抽象意义的“深”9) loud
13、 大声地 loudly 大声地(含有喧闹的意思) 10) near 邻近 nearly 几乎PartIII 做题步骤： 1. 浏览全文，掌握大意； 2. 分句阅读，逐行找错； 3. 检查核对，攻克难点。总结：1.浏览全文看语意； 2.句为单位查一致； 3. 逐个词汇找搭配； 4.句子结构成分对。Part. 技巧点拨：一 “ 九见九查”法(一) 见平行结构（and 连接） 。查是否有用词不一致的错误1. The doctor suggested plenty of food, rest and exercising. 2. She was eating her sandwich and dran
14、k her milk at the table when I arrived. 3. She screamed, pushed him away and run to her room for the rest of the day.(二)见比较结构，查是否有形容词等级，程度副词，比较连词，比较对象的使用错误1. Tom is clever than John.2. People in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past. 3. Tom is as clever than John.
15、4. There are more trees in villages than cities. (三) 见有转折，因果，对比等句子结构，查是否有行文逻辑错误1. I like singing, my brother likes dancing. 2. A lady came to the window with the ball and shouted at the boy, and he ran away. 3. Though I worked hard, but I failed to pass the exam. (四) 见有多重句，查是否有时态语态混乱，引导词不当，成分缺失错误1.
16、He said that he is writing a new novel. 2. Our task has finished so far. 3. Whether you pay the cost of sending a postcard, the librarian will write to you. 4. Tom asks Mark if he knows the man is speaking to him. (五) 见有名词，代词，查是否有数、格、指代错误1. Different people speak different language. 2. Tom book is o
17、n the desk. 3. The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.3(六) 见有并列主语，从句做主语，动名词，不定式做主语，时间，距离，金钱等做主语，together with 等引导的成分修饰主语时，查是否有主谓不一致错误1. Tom and John is good students. 2. That the earth is round are known to us. 3. What he needs are money. 4. What he wants is three books. 5. The family are a
18、 rich one and the family is very friendly.6 Playing football not only makes us grow tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. 7. Thirty dollars are enough. 8. She as well as her brothers are fond of studying English. (七) 见有短语，词组，查是否有固定结构中副词，介词或冠词使用不当错误1. Suddenly I caugh
19、t a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. 2. When he came back, he found someone had broken in his house. 3. In a fact he has three sons. 4. Tom is seriously ill and he is in the hospital now. (八) 见非谓语动词，查是否有非谓语动词使用错误1. I enjoy watch TV. 2. If heating, water can be changed into steam. 3. She sto
20、od there, waited for his boy friend. (九) 见有特殊动词或句型，查是否有句子语气错误1. He ordered that the work must be started at once. 2. It is high time that you go to school. 讲后练： 1 . Twenty minutes arent enough time to finish this test. 2. Tom has sent to the nearest hospital. 3. Whenever we couldnt understand him, h
21、e will explain for us. 4. They were made do the job from morning till night.5. Every means have been tried, but he wont lose heart forever. 6. How beautiful picture he has drawn. 7. He was a medical student before he turned a writer.8. I was very angry, but they were very angrier.9. She not only tea
22、ches our English, but also takes us out and shows us around. 10. I will never forget the days when we spent together.11.He came to tell us that he had seen there. 12. If you can pass the exam depends on how hard you work. 13. We were having classes while someone knocked at the door. 14. I want to fi
23、nd a hotel to live. 15. We have to stay at home because the heavy rain. 16. The reason why I didnt go to France was I got a new job. 17. If you will study hard, you will succeed. 18. He was ill and his parents suggested that he had a medical examination.19. Today we invited Mr. Bill, he is from Engl
24、and, to give us a lecture on how to learn English.二 语法错误 （一） 动词错误1. Whenever we couldnt understand him, he will explain for us. 2. He was ill and his parents suggested that he had a medical examination. 3. Nobody except my parents know anything about it. 4. Tom is one of the students who is from Bei
25、jing.5. Tom is the only one of the students who are from Beijing. 6. Twenty five dollars are too much to pay for that shirt. 7. Fifty minutes arent enough time to finish this test. 8. Ten miles seem like a long walk to me.9. Tom has sent to the nearest hospital. 10. The bike outside is belonged to h
26、im. 11. You cant borrow it so long. 12. I have bought the book for three days. 13. They had got in touch with each other for ages. 14. All the visitors will be separated into four groups. 15. They were made do the job from morning till night. 16. The boy went over at once, opened his umbrella for th
27、e grandpa. 17. Today, too many trees are still been cut through the world. 18. The boy stood over there is my little brother. 419. For the most part, students working to earn money for their own use. 20. When everything ready, the party began. (二) 名词错误1. It is a great fun to go skating on cold winte
28、r days. 2. Every means have been tried, but he wont lose heart forever. 3. He suddenly appeared on a rainy night, which was great surprise to us. 4. He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests. 5. Your knowledges of Greece can help the whole class. （三） 冠词错误1. Go and close window. 2. I bought
29、 a book yesterday and book is ten Yuan. 3. Do you know older of the two boys?4. Whenever he eats out, he always eats a lot of food and spends too long a time at restaurant.5. I only want small supper. 6. How beautiful picture he has drawn!7. Holding the Olympic Games is great success to a country. 8
30、. He died of the cancer. 9. Mr. Li was elected the chairman of the meeting. 10. He was a medical student before he turned a writer. 11. On the way to the village, they met a 11-year old boy. 12. It is pleasure to help others when they are in trouble. 13. The Turners are musical family. 14. His daugh
31、ter plays piano very well.15. Finally we had good idea. （四） 形容词与副词错误 1. He was lying in the hospital half deadly, with his ribs broken. 2. What he said sounded quite perfectly.3. It was raining heavily, Little Mary felt cold, so she stood closely to her mother. 4. Teachers should receive farther edu
32、cation to catch up with the later development. 5. Greenland, the large island in the world, covers two million square kilometers.6. It is generally true that the lower the stock markets fall, the high the price of gold rises.7. I was very angry, but they were very angrier. 8. He is more cleverer tha
33、n Tom. 9. I feel fairly better today. 10. The quicker a car is travelling, the longer it takes to stop.11. The book is very difficult for me. 12. The members of the group are most young people. 13. He mostly fell down. 14. I hope that you think about my request and visit us as soon as possibly. 15.
34、but he has to work if he wants to live comfortable.(五) 代词错误1. 1 The twins begin to hate this kind of work with a force that destroys his happiness. 2. She not only teaches our English, but also takes us out and shows us around. 3. I teach me English.4. I think we will enjoy ourself. 5. Oh, dear. The
35、re are always not any taxis when you want it. 6. He never helps other. 7. He and his children felt tired but neither of them would stop for a rest. 8. Today we invited Mr. Bill, he is from England, to give us a lecture on how to improve our reading ability.9. He came to tell us that he had seen ther
36、e. 10. I will never forget the days when we spent together. 11. Would you like any tea? 12. There were 20 people around but no one helped the old man. 13. -What is in the box? - None.14. We need more three chairs. 15. A bridge made of stone is stronger than that made of wood. 16. The weather in Hang
37、zhou is hotter than it in Beijing in summer. 17. My pen is lost, and Ill buy it. 18. If you keep still, you can sit at both end of boat. 519. Surely Im expecting lots of sightseeing tours, parties and another exciting things. （六） 介词错误1. In that particular evening, there was a strange excitement in t
38、he air. 2. The sunlight came in across the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room. 3. All of us had a good time on that day.4. I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. 5. Last Sunday we took a bus to visit to a farm. 6. Unfortunately he found no room to live
39、. 7. Then they talked about what they had done since they graduated a university. 8. He lives on 25, Nanjing Road, Shanghai. 9. He helped the old man over the street. 10. Your composition is good except a few spelling mistakes. (七) 情态动词错误1. You can have a passport if you want to go abroad. 2. Jeff m
40、ustnt have been working hard for hours .He is not feeling tired.3. He will recover soon .You cant worry about him. 4. Drivers cant drive after drinking. 5. You need be careful with your homework. （八） 连词错误1. Which you can see, he is always ready to help others. 2. Do like I told you.3. He was reading
41、 then he was walking. 4. The thief handed everything which he had stolen to the police. 5. I am happy as you passed the exam. 6. Go to find your watch. Its there where you left it. 7. How an interesting story he told us!8. I cant remember the thing what he told me. 9. If you can pass the exam depend
42、s on how hard you work. 10. We were having classes while someone knocked at the door. 11. Because weve finished most of the work, lets have a rest. 12. I became very active but made new friends. 三 句法和行文逻辑错误（一） 固定句型错误1. When the child was young, his mother was very poor that she had to send him to a
43、rich family. 2. It took him several hours persuade her to give up the idea.3. I spent three hours do my homework. 4. It was in 1986 when I went to college. 5. He was just about to get on the bus then he heard someone calling him. 6. How do you think of the film? 7. How is the weather like today?(二)
44、简单句错误1. There had a discussion on how to solve the problem yesterday afternoon. 2. There are three students study in the room. 3. Which do you prefer, horse riding and shooting?4. His parents didnt allow him to do that, did he?5. You have never been to Beijing, havent you?6. Holding yourself steady
45、and you will not lose the balance.7. Tom, you water the flowers, dont you? 8. How beautiful flowers he gave me! 9. How difficult problem it is! (三) 复合句错误1. The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through it he would see what was happening inside. 2. Ill never forget the days when we spent in Qingdao
46、. (四) 行文逻辑错误1. This was a lie, and his teacher did not know.2. Clever as she is, but she works hard. 3. Hi, everyone. First, let me tell you something more about myself. 4. John and Jack went to the same school and then to the same university. So they hadnt met each other since then. 5. Ill never fo
47、rget the first day at the factory, we arrived here early in the morning. 6. There were many great people in history. But many of them are poor in 6childhood. Schools were few and not good. They couldnt depend on it for a good education. 四 直击高考（一） 多一词的情况 （介词，副词，连词，代词 ，助动词，冠词，小品词 to）1. The secretary t
48、old me that the manager was busy and I should come at some other time. 2. I met my uncle in last Sunday.3. At the last time I saw her , she was playing with her friends near the river 4. The crowd waited for to greet them in England. 5. Her strength made me stronger and gave to me courage to try thi
49、ngs.6. It is about 200 miles far away from London, and it has a very big schoolyard.7. Although he is very young, but he can retell the story very fluently. 8. My parents sent me an e-mail to ask whether how I was getting along with my studies. 9. In some parts of the forest where you can find large groups of monkey
