1、,Inversion,(倒装句),She is a nice girl.,英语句子的语序,英语句子的自然语序：,英语句子的倒装结构:,主语在前，谓语动词在后,谓语动词放在主语之前,自然语序,Is she a nice girl?,倒装语序,倒装类型,完全倒装,部分倒装,Here comes the taxi!,Seldom did I go to cinema.,完全倒装,部分倒装,*完全倒装：,又称为主谓倒装 全部谓语放在主语之前,英语倒装句分为两种：,1.当地点副词如 here，there 及back，down，off，up等在句首时，要求句子为完全倒装。,Down come the ra
2、in and up the umbrellas.下雨了，伞都撑了起来。There is no shortage of tipsters around offering get-rich-quick opportunities.我们周围不乏情报贩子，向人们提供迅速发财致富的机遇。,2.但是，当主语为代词时，主谓并不倒装。 请比较：,There comes the bus. 公共汽车来了（主语为名词，主谓应倒装） There she goes.她走了，（主语为代词，主语不倒装） At the top of the hill it stood out against the sky.它背衬青天矗立在
3、山顶上。（主语为代词，主谓不倒装),注意 主语是人称代词时，则不需倒装。Here he comes.Here it is.,3,地点状语在句首时一般也要完全倒装,At the top of the hill stood the tiny chapel.那座小教堂矗立在山顶上。 In the fields of poppies lay the dying soldiers.罂粟地里躺着奄奄一息的士兵们。,4. 完全倒装也适用于被动语态中,In the distance could be seen the purple mountains. 远处可以见到紫色的山。,、在直接引语全部或部分置于句首时
4、， 引用动词和它的主语（名词）往往要倒装。,“Youve made great progress this term.”said the teacher.“Tom”,said his father, “ You shouldnt make friends with such boys!”,6、谓语是be, 表语提前时，整个句子需倒装。,Happy is he who devoted himself to the cause of communism.Such was Albert Einstein, a single man of great achievements.,注意：1)主语是代词时
5、，倒装不倒装都可以。 “Where are you going?”asked he.(He asked.)2)引用动词另有宾语时，即使主语是名词也不倒装。 “Why didnt you join us!”Our monitor asked us.,*部分倒装：,只把助动词,情态动词或连系动词放在主语之前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语之后,1、在以so, nor, neither 开头的句子里。(也是; 也不是）,A fish can swim and so can I. I get up at seven and so does my brother. He didnt do it and neit
6、her did I. He didnt smoke, nor did he drink.,）如果后一个句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的意思，则不倒装.（确实是）-It is hot today. -So it is. -He finished it on time. -So he did.,注意：,）如按照别人的意思做了什么事，so也不用倒装(某人照办了） The teacher asked me to read louder , and I did so.,3)当前面的句子中主语、谓语或肯否定形式不同时，则用so it is with.句型来表示。,Tom likes singing, but
7、he doesnt like dancing. So it is with Mary.,Tom is clever and he studies hard. So it is with Mary.,2.由as引导的部分倒装句： ）当as作为比较意义时，即用于as + adj./ adv. + as结构中时，如果把第一个as省略掉，就形成部分倒装句。 She charged the stairs, quick as a rabbit (ran).,）当 as引导让步状语时，和although, though一样，当用作“尽管”之义时，可以用于部分倒装句。 Hard as he worked, h
8、e did not pass the exam. 虽然他很用功，但他还是没及格。,3、在疑问句里。Do you have an English class every day?What did the two cheats pretend to be doing?,4、在不带if的虚拟条件从句中。,(=If he should be interested in this subject, ),Should he be interested in this subject, he might work hard at it.,Had I known the answer, I should ha
9、ve told you.,(=If I had known the answer, I should have ),never, hardly, scarcely 几乎不，仅仅，决不 seldom, little, barely 仅够，几乎没有rarely 不常，很少nowhere无处，到处都无,by no means 决不 in no case, at no time 决不 not until hardly (scarcely)when, no sooner.than(一就),5. 在否定或半否定词放句首表示强调时，部分倒装。,Never before have I met him. Har
10、dly did I think it possible. Not a single paper did the scholar write the whole term（条款，条件）. Seldom did the boy read newspaper. Little do I dream of seeing such wonderful scenery（风景，景色）.,Nowhere could we find the book. Hardly had he entered the house when it began to rain. No sooner had they entered
11、 the house than it began to rain.,1)当上述单词不提前时，则不倒装。I seldom read newspaper before.He had hardly finished his homework when the light went out.,注 意,2)当这些词作形容词修饰主语时且置句首时，句子不倒装。 Little work was done yesterday.,6.Neithernor连接的两个句子都要倒装； not onlybut also连接的两个句子时，not only后面的句子要倒装,but also不倒装,1)Neither has
12、he called on her, nor will he do so. 2)Not only shall we learn from books, but also we should learn from practice.,7. 当“so (such).that.“结构中的so或such位于句首时,构成部分倒装句。 So busy is the dentist that he has no time to spare.,8. only位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句时,要用部分倒装。注意:only修饰状语从句时,主句中倒装,从句中不倒装;only修饰的不是状语时,则不用倒装语序。Only the teachers can come in.,主句,从句,9.句首为many a time, to such an extent, to such a degree, to such extremes, with good reason等状语时，句子需要部分倒装。 Eg：Many a time have I dreamed of going back to the village. 我多次梦见回到村子。,
