1、Module 5Great People and Great Inventionsof Ancient China,第一板块重点单词1. equal adj. 平等的; 相等的; 胜任的v. 等于; 比得上n. 同等的人或物,(1)be equal to sth. /doing sth. (in. . . )(在方面)与相等; 能胜任, 能应付be equal with与平等equal sb. /sth. in(doing)sth. 在(做)某事上比得过, 敌得过某人/物without equal无与伦比,(2)equally adv. 相等地, 相同地equalityn. 平等, 同等; 均
2、等,【即时训练】单句语法填空(2016北京高考)Learning to deal with the social world is _(equal) important. Women are still struggling for true equality _ men. Men are born and remain free and equal _rights.,equally,with,in,They made reservations at restaurants where the cost of a bottle of wine _(equal) a college years
3、monthly rent. (2014全国卷)There were more than 3 billion passenger pigeonsa number equal _24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States.,equaled,to,完成句子After a months training, he _the work as a tractor driver. 经过一个月的训练, 他能胜任拖拉机驾驶员的工作了。He is a player _. 他是个无与伦比的运动员。,was equal to,wi
4、thout equal,【巧学助记】无与伦比的equal,2. order n. 秩序; 次序; 命令; 订购; 点的饭菜 vt. 命令; 订购; 点(饭菜)(1)in order of以的顺序in order整齐, 秩序井然; 按顺序out of order发生故障; 混乱place an order for sth. with sb. 向某人订购某物,(2)order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事order+ that-clause命令,【误区点拨】order作动词时, 后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气, 即从句的谓语要用“should+动词原形”, should可以省略; 作名
5、词表示“命令”时, 相关的从句也要用虚拟语气。,【即时训练】写出黑体部分的含义(2015全国卷)Without even seeing the menu, I knew Id be ordering every tomato on it. ( )(2016全国卷)Lets number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. ( ),点菜,秩序井然,完成句子My clock is _and waked me up at 3 this morning. 我的闹钟坏了, 今天早晨3点就把我叫醒了。The teacher placed
6、 the children _height. 老师按照学生个子的高矮把他们排好队。,out of order,in order of,The doctor ordered me to take a rest for a month. (句式转换)=The doctor ordered that I (should) take a rest for a month. 医生指示我要休息一个月。,【巧学助记】order串记He ordered his secretary to place an order for 100 books and arrange them in order of size
7、. 他命令他的秘书去订购100本书并把它们按大小顺序排列。,3. stress vt. 强调; 施压于; 使紧张n. 强调; 压力; 重音(1)lay/put/place stress on sth. =stress sth. 把重点放在上; 强调under stress在压力之下under the stress of为所迫,(2)stress the importance of sth. 强调某事的重要性stress that. . . 强调(3)stressful adj. 压力大的; 紧张的,【即时训练】单句语法填空(2016全国卷)If you feel _(stress) by re
8、sponsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify those of greater and less importance.,stressed,完成句子One of the most effective ways _is to talk about feelings with someone you trust. 一种最有效的减压方法就是和你信任的人谈谈你的想法。,to reduce stress,The English teacher _. 英语老师强调大声朗读的重要性。,stressed the importa
9、nce of,reading aloud,4. condition n. 条件; 状况; 环境(1)living/housing/working conditions生活/住房/工作条件(2)be in good/bad/poor condition状况良好/恶劣; 健康/不健康out of condition身体不适,(3)on condition (that)在条件下; 倘若on no condition决不,【误区点拨】(1)condition表示“(工作、生活或住房等)条件”时, 通常要用复数形式; 而表示“状况”时, 则为不可数名词。(2)on no condition位于句首时,
10、句子要用部分倒装, 即将句子中的助动词、系动词、情态动词等置于主语之前。,【即时训练】单句语法填空It was _ perfect condition, considering how old it was. I agree to his suggestion _the condition that he drops all charges.,in,on,完成句子(2016全国卷)It improved _. 它改善了她的生活条件。She arrived late because her bicycle was _. 她的自行车出了毛病, 所以迟到了。,her living condition
11、s,out of,condition,【知识拓展】表否定意义的介词短语还有: under no circumstances决不, 无论如何都不by no means决不in no way 决不, 无论怎样也不in no case决不, 在任何情况下都不on no account决不at no time在任何时候都不,第二板块常考短语句式1. bring up养育; 抚养; 提出; 呕吐bring about引起, 导致(事故、变化等)bring back带回; 使回忆起某事bring down使降低; 使倒下bring in引入; 赚得; 挣得bring out显现出; 使发挥,【即时训练】单
12、句语法填空(2016全国卷)A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage _to life. (2016江苏高考)What may El Ninos bring _to the countries affected?,back,about,The main reason for my choice is that _(bring) up in a culture emphasizing collectivism(集体主义), I tend to sacrifice my own interest for t
13、he group benefit. The Smiths are praised for the way they bring _ their children.,being brought,up,完成句子The plan we have _will _good results. 我们提出的这项计划将会产生良好的效果。,brought up,bring about,2. for the first time第一次(1)for the first time第一次, 在句中作时间状语。(2)the first time有以下两种用法: the first/second. . . time相当于一个
14、连词, 常引导表示时间的状语从句, 意为“第几次做某事的时候”。,This/It is/was the first/second. . . time that. . . 意为“这是第几次”, that可省略, 从句用现在/过去完成时态。,【即时训练】单句改错(2016全国卷)I ran into Ranis office the first time. ( )I knew I had to help Suzy Khan for the first time I saw her. ( )I feel very nervous now because this is the first time
15、that I _(speak) at the meeting. (填空),the之前加for,去掉for,have spoken,句型转换(2016北京高考)For the first time, I feel good about myself because Im doing something, not because someone told me I was doing good. = It is _I have felt good about myself because Im doing something, not because someone told me I was d
16、oing good.,the first time that,3. Mencius believed that _man is different from animals _man is good. 孟子认为人不同于动物的原因是人性本善。the reason why. . . is that. . . “的原因是”, 其中why引导的是定语从句, is之后的that引导表语从句。,the reason why,is that,【误区点拨】reason用作先行词时, 其后定语从句中的关系代词或副词的选择要依据定语从句所缺少的成分来确定: (1)如果从句中缺少状语, 则要用why或for whi
17、ch引导定语从句, why有时可以省略;,(2)如果缺少主语或宾语, 则要用关系代词that或which来引导定语从句, that/which在定语从句中作宾语时也可省略。,【即时训练】完成句子The reason _to the elderly man was that she wanted to repay the favour she once got. 她主动给这位老人提供搭车的原因是她想偿还曾经得到的恩惠。,why she offered a lift,The reason why some people died young _. 一些人早逝的原因是他们不注意自己的身体健康。_at
18、 the meeting _he didnt catch the first bus. 他在会议上解释的理由是他没赶上早班车。,is that they,didnt pay attention to their health,The reason(that/which)he explained,was that,4. Cars were first used at the end of the nineteenth century, and were no faster than a horse. 人们最早使用汽车是在19世纪末, 而且当时的汽车跑得并不比马快。(1)no+比较级+than.
19、. . 和一样不, 否定两者。(2)not +比较级+ than. . . 不如, 否定前者, 肯定后者。,【即时训练】完成句子(2016天津高考)There is nothing _not succeeding. 没有什么比不成功更令人烦恼的了。,more tiring than,Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is designed to live _120 years. 研究老年的大多数科学家认为人体的结构设置决定了人类最长活不过120岁。,no longer than,In that sense, the elevators role in American history has been _significant _that of cars. 从那个意义上讲, 电梯在美国历史上所起的作用和汽车一样重要。He is _his younger brother, though they are twins. 尽管是双胞胎, 但他不如他弟弟高。,no less,than,not taller than,
