1、过去进行时,基本概念：过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。,什么是过去进行时？,过去进行时: 表示在过去某一时间内正在进行的动作。过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或某段时间内一直进行的动作。,过去进行时,1、过去进行时的定义 过去进行时常表示过去某一时刻或过去某一阶段内正在进行的动作。,、过去进行时的构成 过去进行时是由“be动词的过去式was/were现在分词”构成。,现在分词的构成,一般动词在词尾加- ing, 如go - going。,2) 以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing。come - coming make-making write - writi
2、ng,3) 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾以一个辅音字母结尾,应先双写这个字母,再加ing, x和w结尾的除外。如: get - getting swim - swimming show - showing,4) 以字母y结尾的单词,直接加ing。如carrying、playing、studying。,5) 以字母ie结尾的动词,变ie为y,再加ing。diedying lielying,6) 以元音字母加e结尾,或以e结尾,且e发音的动词,直接加- ing 。see - seeingbe - being,一些动词,如see、hear、love、like、know、remember; und
3、erstand、have等表示感情、知觉和状态的词,一般不用于进行时态。,使用进行时态的注意事项,结构,过去进行时的基本用法,1）表示过去某时刻正在进行的动作,A) 表示过去某一时刻或过去某段时间内正在进行的动作，一般要有表示过去时间的状语或者通过上下文把时间关系暗示出来。例如：Itwasrainingat6oclockthismorning.今天早晨六点钟天正下着雨。WhatwereyoudoingwhenIphonedyoulastnight?昨晚我给你打电话时你在干什么？,B) 可用来表示由过去某时持续到另一时间的过去动作。例如：HewasstudyinginCambridgebetwe
4、en1999and2001.在1999年和2001年那段时间，他在剑桥学习。FromJanuarytoMarchI was travelinginEgypt.从一月份到三月份期间，我在埃及旅游。这种时间状语亦可同一般过去时连用，如：例如：Heworkedfrommorningtillnightyesterday.昨天他从早到晚地工作。,C) 表示故事发生的背景，（主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的） 例：Itwasasunnymorning.Somepeopleweresittingontheriverbank.Somewerewalkingwiththeirdogs.Severalbo
5、yswereplayingfootballnearby.一个阳光明媚的清晨。河堤上坐着几个人。有的人在溜狗。不远处有几个男童在踢足球. 例： While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的),一般过去时与过去进行时的区别,1、一般过时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时却表示动作在持续或未完成。 比较： She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚给朋友写了封信。 (信写完了) She was writing a letter
6、to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在给朋友写信。 (信不一定写完),2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。 如： She waved to me. 她朝我挥了挥手。 She was waving to me. 她一直朝我挥手。,3、句中有a moment ago，this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while , at that time, just now之类的短语一般用一般过去时。过去进行时可以
7、用来代替一般过去时，表示更为偶然而非预定的动作I was talking to Tom the other day 那天我跟汤姆聊天来着。,注意事项,注意：有一些动词一般不用过去进行时：如agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如：误：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer.
8、 我知道答案。误：I wasnt understanding him.正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。,过去进行时体也可与always，constantly continually，for ever 等状语连用表示感情色彩。例1)My brother was always losing his keys. 2)Alice was constantly changing her clothes 过去进行实体的这种用法，和现在进行时体的相应用法一样，通常表示说话人对某种行为的厌烦等不满情绪。当然，用在上述结构中的频度状语也有仅起强调作用，而不带感情色彩的。 例
9、：I remember my grandfather was always smoking a cigar.,注意when, whilewal,以when, while及as引导的时间状语从句 延续性动词：指动作可以延续一段时间，而不是瞬间结束。 如：work、study、drink、eat等。非延续性动词：指动作极为短暂，瞬间结束如：start、begin、jump、knock等。,1. 当从句中的谓语动词是持续性的动作时, 用while, when或as 引导。,Eg：I was drawing the picture when my friend came.,当从句中的谓语动词表示瞬间动
10、作时,不可用while。 Eg : He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 如果谈论两个长动作,最常用的是while。,Eg:While John was sitting biting his nails,I was working out a plan to get us home.,如果表示两个短动作或事件同时发生,常用as或just as,也可用when。,Just as he caught the ball, there was a tearing sound. 当他抓住球的时候,有一种撕裂的声音
11、。,过去进行时与一般过去时的区别,1、过去进行时表示的动作在过去某个时间正在进行,可能完成,也可能没完成。2、一般过去时表示动作或状态已经结束。,Mary _ a letter last night.玛丽昨晚整晚都在写信。Mary _ a letter last night.玛丽昨晚写了封信。,was writing,wrote,A. 进行时表某一行为的片断一般时表示行为的整体和存在的状态。I was reading the book at that time. (未读完，读的片段)I read the book yesterday. (已读完，表整个读)B. 一般持续时间状语多与进行时连用I
12、t was raining all night.(优先用was raining ,rained 为持续动词，故也可使用)He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon.(短暂动词与持续时间连用，表反复，连续发生，不可用一般过去时),C. while 时间状语从句中用短暂动词时只能用进行时。例如：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.D. While 所在主从句动作大致持续相等时主从句一般都用进行时，但若是持续动词可都用一般过去时，两个动作一长一短时短的用一般时，长的用进行时。I was
13、cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.I saw him while I was walking to the station.,Exercises,Exercises,1.He _ (not work) at that time.2.When the teacher _ (come) in, they _ (talk) loudly.3.What _ you _ (read) last night?,wasnt working,ca
14、me,were talking,were reading,did read,4.His mother _ (return) while he _ (do) his homework.5.My father _ (watch) TV while my mother _ (cook).,returned,was doing,was watching,was cooking,用动词的适当形式填空(一般现在时、过去时、将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时）1. She _ (do) her homework this time yesterday.2. The teacher _ (help) his st
15、udents with their lessons now.3. He _ (make) progress every day.4. She _ (read) a story-book at seven yesterday evening.5. It _ (rain) hard now.6. The students _ (get) ready for the picnic these days.,was doing,is helping,makes,was reading,is raining,are getting,7.They _ (visit) the science museum n
16、ext Monday.8.Look, they _ (play) video games.9.We _ (do) some cleaning at that time.10._ the students _ (like) learning English?11._ you _ (have) a good time last Sunday?,will visit,are playing,were doing,Do,like,Did,have,12. _ he _ (study) English from 7 to 9 last night?13. Listen, she _ (sing).14. He _ (not work) in the factory these days.15. Its eight oclock. The students _ (have) an English lesson.,Was,studying,is singing,isnt working,are having,BYE,
