1、1Unit 15 Learning一、课前基础自查(一)分类记单词省时高效.阅读单词(知其意)1drill n 练习，训练2motto n. 座右铭，格言3receiver n. 接收者4angle n. 角5triangle n. 三角形6atom n. 原子7spit vi. 吐痰，吐口水8spy n. 间谍，特务9kingdom n. 王国10biochemistry n. 生物化学11choir n. 合唱队，合唱团12oxygen n. 氧气，氧13spelling n. 拼写14throat n. 咽喉，喉咙15postage n. 邮费16alternative adj. 非传统
2、的；另类的17arrow n. 箭18pace n. 速度，步速19religion n. 宗教.重点单词(写其形)1adapt vt. (使)适应2conventional_ adj. 传统的，保守的3worthy adj. 值得的 4punishment n. 惩罚，处罚5lack vt. 缺乏，没有6distinguish vt. 区别，辨别7access n. (使用或见到的)机会，权利8bury vt. 埋葬9unwilling adj. 不情愿的10swell v. 被充满；膨胀，肿胀11facility n. (供特定用途的)场所；设备12shadow n. 阴影，影子13ran
3、k_ n. 职衔14pour vt. 灌，倒15blank adj. 空白的16reputation n. 名声，名誉17obey vt. 服从，听从18outstanding adj. 杰出的，优秀的19acquire vt. 获得，得到.拓展单词(通其变)1ignore vt.忽视，不顾ignorance n 无知2suspect v 怀疑suspicious adj.可疑的suspicion n 怀疑，嫌疑3simplify vt.简化simple adj.简单的，易懂的语境活用1If you want to live a simple life, you need to simplif
4、y your mind.(simple)2I carried the small lantern and walked around the river. The light was reflected in the river and the 24urge vt.力劝，强烈要求urgent adj.紧急的5instruct vt.教导，指导instruction n 教育，指导instructive adj.有益的；有教育意义的6reflect vt.反映；反射 vi.思考reflection n 反射；反省；想法7worthwhile adj.值得努力的worthy adj.值得的wort
5、h adj.值得的 n 价值8defence n 保卫，保护defend v 防御，保卫9assumption n 假定，假设assume vt.假定，假设10inspire v 鼓舞；启发inspiration n 灵感，鼓舞(激励)人心的人/事inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的11beneficial adj.有用的，有益的benefit v 对有益，受惠 n.利益12appreciation n 欣赏appreciate vt.重视，鉴赏，感激13approve v 赞成；认可；满意approval n 赞成；认可；满意reflection looked so beautiful.(
6、reflect)3They assumed that there would be a substitute for the earth but the assumption seemed impossible.(assume)4Cycling is highly beneficial to our health. That is to say, we can get much benefit from cycling.(benefit)5I would appreciate it very much if you can give me a hand again. Meanwhile, I
7、want to express my appreciation to you for your helping me before.(appreciate)6It is worthwhile to travel to Beijing, because many places of interest are well worth visiting. The Great Wall is particularly worthy of being visited.(worth)7The teacher instructed that all the students should attend the
8、 instructive lecture, for the professors instruction would be of great help to our study.(instruct)(二)练中记短语记牢用活写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)1.lay_off 裁员；解雇2aside_from 除之外3set_off 使爆炸；引发；出发，动身4be_accustomed_to 习惯于5approve_of 赞成，赞许6as_a_whole 总的来说1.Ive been_accustomed_to the life in America. You know, Ive been
9、here for five years.2He wouldnt win the match. To_start_with he lacked experience.3Her father will never_approve_of her marriage to Jason.37switch_off 关闭8to_a_certain_extent 在某种程度上9tend_to 往往会，倾向于10frankly_speaking 坦白地说，老实说11go_up 上涨，上升12to_start_with 首先，第一13put_forward 提出14in_conclusion 最后，总之15go_b
10、lank (脑子 )一片空白，怎么也想不起来4Frankly_speaking,_I dont think its a good idea.5She can speak five foreign languages aside_from English.6The northern people of China tend_to eat more noodles, while the southern people eat more rice.7We will set_off in the direction of the mountain tomorrow morning.8If you do
11、nt change your attitude towards the job, you will be laid_off.9Lily was so nervous that her mind almost went_blank during the College Entrance Examination.10The proposal put_forward by Dobrindt aims to stop people from breaking traffic rules.(三)仿写明句式以用为本教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写1.Now Im about to graduate from
12、the School of Continuing Education at Qinghua University with a Bachelors Degree in Computer Engineering by distance learning.如今通过远程教育我就要从清华大学继续教育学院毕业了，并会获得该院计算机工程学的学士学位。be about to do .“正要做” ，通常与when 连用。(2014福建高考书面表达)我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。I_was_about_to_give_up_when my best friend encouraged me to
13、go on.2.In the past, if someone like me had failed to get into university through the college exam, he would if 引导的虚拟条件句。如果你来得早些，你就能赶上那辆公共汽车了。If you had come earlier, you 4have had no chance of getting a degree.在过去，如果像我这样未能通过大学考试上大学，那么他就没有机会获得学位了。would_have_caught the bus.3.I decided that it was tim
14、e I became an Internet user.我觉得该是我成为因特网用户的时候了。It is/was time (that) . did/should do . “是的时候了” 。是当地政府采取措施保护环境的时候了。Its_time_that the local government should_take/took_measures to protect the environment.4.So many people think that after you retire, all you can do is switch off your brain and bury ever
15、ything youve ever learnt.许多人认为一旦退休，你所能做的事就是把大脑关闭，把你曾经所学的东西埋掉。不带 to 的动词不定式作表语。As far as Im concerned, all_we_can_do_is_just_wait patiently.在我看来，我们所能做的一切就是耐心等待。5.Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion！有时我真希望能给他打个电话问问他的意见！wish 后的从句常用虚拟语气。他真希望 Mary 在这里分享他的成功。He wishes Mary were here
16、to share his success.5二、课堂重点深化1suspect v 怀疑；猜疑(通常不用于进行时)nC嫌疑犯，可疑分子自主体验 单句语法填空She suspected her husband of taking her money.His behaviour that day made the police suspicious (suspect)The teacher was suspicious of/about the students furtive (偷偷摸摸的) behaviour during the exam. 句型转换We suspect that he is
17、ill, for we havent seen him for a long time.We suspect him to be ill,_for we havent seen him for a long time. 完成句子I suspect_him_to_be the pickpocket whom the police are looking for.我怀疑他就是那个警方正在寻找的扒手。The police searched_the_suspect but found no weapon on him.警察搜查了嫌疑犯，但在他身上没有发现武器。系统归纳(1)suspect sb./st
18、h. to be n /adj.怀疑/猜疑某人(某物)为suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事(2)suspicious adj. 可疑的，令人怀疑的be suspicious of/about sth. 对某事怀疑重点强化 易错处处防The boss suspected him taking the computer away from the company._him_后加 of 佳句时时写(2015湖北高考书面表达)两年前，我们的老师在班上给我们一道数学难题的答案。尽管答案似乎有点奇怪，但除了我没有人怀疑它。Two_years_ago,_our_te
19、acher_offered_us_an_answer_to_a_difficult_math_problem_in_class._Although_the_answer_seemed_a_little_strange,_nobody_but_I_suspected_6it.2instruct vt.指导，教导；指示，命令；告知，通知自主体验 单句语法填空Those boys were instructed to_wait (wait) there.Great effort is needed to instruct children in road safety.It is instructi
20、ve (instruct) to see how other countries are dealing with the problem. 一句多译经理命令我快速把文档打印出来。My_manager_instructed_me_to_type_the_document_quickly.(instruct sb. to do sth.)My_manager_instructed_me_in_typing_the_document_quickly.(instruct sb. in doing sth.)My_manager_instructed_that_I_(should)_type_the_
21、document_quickly.(instruct that)系统归纳(1)instruct sb. to do/in doing . 命令某人做instruct sb. in sth. 教授/传授某人某事instruct that sb. (should) do sth.命令某人做某事(2)instruction n. C用法说明，操作指南；指示；命令；U指导；讲授(3)instructive adj. 有益的，有教育意义的；指导性的重点强化 易错处处防Be sure to follow the instruction printed on the back of the box, or
22、it may do harm to your health.instructioninstructions 佳句时时写(2014湖南高考书面表达)当我们指示它做某些事时，它会执行我们的命令。When_we_instruct_it_to_do_something,_it_will_carry_out_our_instructions.3distinguish vt.区别，辨别；使具有某种特征自主体验 单句语法填空The twins are so alike; its difficult to distinguish one from the other.7Honestly speaking, I
23、 admire your distinguished (distinguish) achievements.The Chinese nation is distinguished for its diligence and courage.Lang Ping has already distinguished herself as a great volleyball coach in the world. 句型转换It could make it hard for people to tell the difference between virtual reality and realit
24、y.It could make it hard for people to distinguish between virtual reality and reality.As is known to us, he is famous for his knowledge of science.As is known to us, he is distinguished for his knowledge of science.系统归纳(1)distinguish . from . 将与区别开distinguish between . and .(tell the difference betw
25、een . and .) 区分和distinguish oneself (as .) (作为)表现突出(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的be distinguished for (be famous for)因而出名distinguishing adj. 有区别的重点强化 易错处处防Hes too young to distinguish right with wrong, and needs your guidance. withfrom 佳句时时写(2017全国卷书面表达)因为你是一位杰出的乒乓球选手，如果你能加入我们的团队并分享你的鼓舞人心的经验，我们将深
26、感荣幸。As_youre_a_distinguished_table_tennis_player,_we_would_feel_deeply_honored_if_you_could_join_our_team_and_share_your_inspiring_experiences.4lack vt.缺乏，没有 n.缺乏，不足；短缺的东西自主体验 单句语法填空More and more highrise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space.8He just graduated from the universit
27、y last month, so he is lacking in working experience.Visitors are not permitted to enter the park after dark, because of the lack of lighting.They are so rich that they lack for nothing. 句型转换They could not finish their work on time because they lack money.They could not finish their work on time for
28、 lack of money.Lacking in money,_they could not finish their work on time.系统归纳(1)lack sth. 缺乏/少某物(没有被动语态)lack for 需要，需求(常用于否定句)(2)(a) lack of . 缺乏for/through lack of 因缺乏(3)lacking adj. 缺少的，不足的(不置于名词前)be lacking in sth. 缺少某物重点强化 易错处处防It is obvious that Tom is lacking of common sense. ofin 佳句时时写(2013重
29、庆高考书面表达)由于缺乏人类保护，长江江豚(Yangtze Finless Porpoise)的数量正变得越来越少。For_lack_of_human_protection,_the_number_of_Yangtze_Finless_Porpoise_is_becoming_smaller_and_smaller._名师指津 (1)lack 既可以作动词也可以作名词。作及物动词时，后面直接跟宾语；作不及物动词时常用介词 for；作名词时，后面常用介词 of。(2)lacking 为形容词，但一般不放在名词前作定语，常与 in 连用。5access n 入口，通路；(使用或见到的)机会，权利自
30、主体验 单句语法填空Women have no access to obtaining (obtain) education in old days.The centre is easily accessible (access) to the general public.The old man tells me that the only access to the village is by boat. 完成句子/一句多译9我被获准进入他们的居住环境。I have been allowed to gain_access_to their living environment.在这个贫困地
31、区实施希望工程之前，孩子们无法接受教育。Before the Project Hope was carried out in this poor area, children had_no_access_to_education.在我看来，孩子们应该有上网的机会。In my opinion, kids_should_have_access_to_the_Internet.(access)In my opinion, the_Internet_should_be_accessible_to_kids.(accessible)系统归纳(1)gain/obtain/get/have access t
32、o有权进入/使用，拥有的机会have no access to 没有的机会；无法接近give access to 接见；准许进入(接近)(2)accessible adj. 易到达的，易接近的be accessible to 对而言容易接近的；可靠近的；容易进入的重点强化 易错处处防The legal aid system should be accessible for more people. forto 佳句时时写(2017江苏高考书面表达)电影导演已经做了一些尝试，更多的观众可以接触到电影。Film_directors_have_made_some_attempts_to_make_f
33、ilms_accessible_to_a_wider_audience.名师指津 access 前通常不加冠词，且 access 和 accessible 短语中的 to 是介词。6worthwhile adj.值得(做)的(可作表语、定语或补语)自主体验 单句语法填空This article is well worth reading (read), but it is not worthy to_be_translated (translate)Sometimes I doubt whether its worthwhile to_study/studying (study) abroad
34、 for some Chinese students. 一句多译他在会议上提出的建议值得考虑。10His suggestion put forward at the conference is_worth_considering.(worth)His suggestion put forward at the conference is_worthy_of_being_considered.(worthy)His suggestion put forward at the conference is_worthy_to_be_considered.(worthy)It_is_worthwhil
35、e_to_consider/considering his suggestion put forward at the conference.(worthwhile)系统归纳(1)worthwhile 常用的结构：Its worthwhileError! 做某事是值得的(2)worth 常用的结构：be worthError!(3)worthy 常用的结构：be worthyError! 值得做重点强化 易错处处防The film The Flowers of War is well worth seen.seenseeing 佳句时时写(2014浙江高考书面表达)读文学书是值得的，因为它们能
36、帮助我们对社会和生活了解更多。Its_worthwhile_reading/to_read_literary_books_because_they_can_help_us_to_know_more_about_the_society_and_life.名师指津 worth 一般只作表语，可用程度词 well 修饰，be worth doing 主动形式表示被动意义；而 worthy 和 worthwhile 既可作表语又可作定语。7approve vi.赞成；认可；同意 vt.批准 自主体验 单句语法填空The majority of the senior citizens dont appr
37、ove of the proposal of celebrating Western festivals in China.The president has already given his approval (approve) to the plan.I approve of your trying (try) to make some money, but please dont neglect your studies. 完成句子/一句多译他在学校表现不错，希望以此来得到父母的赞许。11By doing well at school he hoped to win/earn_his_
38、parents_approval.他不同意我今年离开学校。He_doesnt_approve_of_me_leaving_school_this_year.(approve of sb. doing sth.)He_doesnt_give_approval_to_my_leaving_school_this_year.(give approval to .)I_dont_meet_with_his_approval_to_leave_school_this_year.(meet with sb.s approval)系统归纳(1)approve of 赞成，赞许approve of sb. d
39、oing sth. 同意某人做某事approve of (ones) doing . 赞同/支持(某人)做approve (doing) sth. 批准(做)某事(2)approval n. 同意；批准meet with sb.s approval 得到某人的批准win/earn sb.s approval 取得某人的同意/赞成give approval to . 批准重点强化 易错处处防Youd better cut your hair short. Our school doesnt approve students wearing long hair.approve_后加 of 佳句时时
40、写(2015重庆高考书面表达)你的意见如何？你赞同我的观点吗？期待你的答复。What_about_your_opinion？Do_you_approve_of_my_opinion?_Looking_forward_to_your_reply.名师指津 要表达“赞成某人做某事” ，不可直译成 approve sb. to do sth.或在其后跟 that 从句，可用 approve of ones doing sth.。8urge vt.力劝；催促；强烈要求 n.强烈的欲望，冲动 自主体验 单句语法填空I urged him to_write (write) a novel about th
41、e life we lived together in the country.Its urged that every effort (should)_be_made (make) to bring down house prices.12The people in the earthquakestricken area are in urgent (urge) need of food, medicine and shelters.Father urged that I (should)_apologize (apologize) to my English teacher for my
42、bad behavior.Mr.Turner had an urge to_open (open) a shop of his own.Urged on by the crowd, the Italian team scored two more goals. 一句多译随着期末考试的来临，老师敦促我们努力学习。Our teacher urges_us_to_study_hard with the final exam drawing near.(urge sb. to do sth.)Our teacher urges_us_into_studying_hard with the final
43、exam drawing near.(urge sb. into doing sth.)Our teacher urges_that_we_(should)_study_hard with the final exam drawing near.(urge that)系统归纳(1)urge sb.to do/into doing sth. 强烈要求某人做某事urge sth.on/upon sb. 向某人强调某事urge that sb.(should) do sth. 极力主张某人做某事It is urged that .(should) do sth. 坚决要求(2)have an urg
44、e to do sth. 有做某事的强烈欲望(3)urgent adj. 紧急的，紧迫的重点强化 易错处处防They all urged that he apologized to her for what he had said.apologizedapologize 佳句时时写(2013天津高考书面表达)因此，我主张组织一些活动，希望他们通过互相帮助来学习更多的知识，交更多的朋友。Thus,_I_urge_to_organize_some_activities,_hoping_that_they_will_learn_more_knowledge_and_make_more_friends
45、_by_helping_each_other.名师指津 urge 后跟 that 从句时或在句型 It is urged that .中，that 从句中谓语动词用虚拟语气，即“should动词原形” ，should 可以省略。9assume vt.假定，假设；认为 自主体验13 单句语法填空It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.A lot of people make the assumption (assume) that poverty only exists in the third world.W
46、e must assume him to_be (be) innocent until he is proved guilty. 句式升级People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment.(用it 作形式主语)It_is_assumed_that_what_people_do_has_little_effect_on_the_environment.系统归纳(1)assume sb./sth.to be 假定/假设某人/某事为It is assumed that . 人们认为(2)assumption n.
47、 假定，假设make an assumption 认为；假定on the assumption that . 假定；在假定的情况下(3)assuming (that) . 假设/假定重点强化 易错处处防Assumed that you are right, well make a great deal of money from the project.AssumedAssuming 佳句时时写(2017全国卷书面表达)如果你对它感兴趣，请把邮件发至 。Assuming you are interested in it, please send the email to .10adapt vt.使适应；改编，改造 自主体验 单句语法填空When you go to a new country, you must adapt yourself to new manners and custom.The TV series Ordinary World is an adaptation (adapt) of Lu Yaos no
