1、2019高考英语一轮题型组合练习（11）及答案李仕才一、阅读理解。AIt has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar, but new research suggests a glass a day cold form part of a diet. Looking at past studies they found that, while heavy drinkers do put on weight; those who dri
2、nk in moderation can actually lose weight.A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says, Light to moderate alcohol intake, especially of wine, may be more likely to protect against, rather than promote, weight gain. The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol research revie
3、wed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions, particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight.Boston Universitys Dr. Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms(生物学机制) relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood. His te
4、am pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes(糖尿病), which relate to increasing obesity. Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers.The group says alcohol provides
5、calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat, and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods. They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks, taking into
6、 consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight.For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases ones risk of becoming obese. Whats more, a study three years ago suggested that resveratro
7、l, a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells.1.The passage is mainly for those_.A. who produce wineB. who have a drinking habitC. who go on a dietD. who are eager to lose weight2.The underlined phrase in moderation in the first paragraph means _.A. excitedly B. carefullyC. frequen
8、tly D. properly3.What can we learn from the passage?A. Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight.B. Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat.C. The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect.D. The specific roles of different types of al
9、coholic drinks are very clear.4.What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows?A. How to do some easy experiments.B. How to reduce the calories contained in wine.C. How to prove the finding mentioned above.D. How to make wine in a healthy way.【文章大意】文章讲述了饮酒和健康的关系，告诉我们适量葡萄酒还会减肥。1.B【
10、解析】推理判断题。文章讲述了饮酒和健康的关系，比如和肥胖、疾病等的关系。所以说是写给有 喝酒习惯的人的，故选 B。2.D【解析】猜测词义题。与上句形成对比，此处指适量饮酒的人事实上能减肥，moderation适度与 D 项同义，故选 D。4.C【解析】推理判断题。文章最后讲到葡萄酒和红酒混合会破坏肥胖细胞，所以下文会证明这一观点， 故选 C。BMay Day, the first day of May, is celebrated as a spring festival in many countries. It marks the approach of summer.The Englis
11、h developed their May Day festival from the Roman festival called Floralia. In the festival of Floralia, the Romans gathered flowers to honor the goddess of spring, Flora. In the Middle Ages, May Day became the favorite holiday of many English villages. People gathered flowers to decorate their home
12、s and churches, sang spring songs and chose a king and a queen of May. Villagers danced around a tall pole fixed upright in the ground, called a maypole, each holding the end of a ribbon attached to the top of the pole. They tied the ribbons around the pole until it was covered with bright colors. T
13、hey collected dew(露水)on May Day morning and washed their faces with it because they believed that the dew on the day had the magic power to regain youth.Nowadays in Britain people no longer attach great importance to the day, but in some towns and villages people still celebrate it by choosing the M
14、ay Queen and dancing around the maypole. May Queen is a girl selected as the most beautiful girl on May Day. She is usually crowned with flowers and often driven in procession through the street. In the United States, the day has never been celebrated with the same enthusiasm as in Britain. But in m
15、any American towns and cities, children celebrate the day with dancing and singing. They often gather flowers in handmade paper baskets and hang them on the doorknobs of the homes of their friends and neighbors on May Day morning. At May Day parties, children select May Queen, dance around the maypo
16、le, and sing May Day songs.【解题导语】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欧洲国家的传统节日“五朔节” 。1What do we know about the May Day in Britain in the Middle Ages?APeople dressed in bright colors.BPeople celebrated it with enthusiasm.CPeople presented flowers to the goddess of spring.DPeople stayed at home instead of going to church
17、es.B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段内容特别是第三、四句可知，在中世纪，英国人通过举行各种活动，热情地庆祝五朔节，故 B项正确。2Why did people wash their faces with dew on May Day?ATo bring good luck. BTo become prettier.CTo get magic power. DTo get young again.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，人们在五朔节用露水洗脸，是因为他们相信露水在当天有恢复青春的魔力，故 D项正确。3Paragraph 3 is mainly developed Aby
18、comparison Bby spaceCby process Dby classificationA 解析：写作方法题。根据第三段可知，该段是通过比较美国和英国如何庆祝该节日展开的，故 A项正确。4Nowadays, many American children celebrate May Day with lots of activities EXCEPT Ahanging flowers on the doorknobs of their friends homesBselecting May Queen and dancing around the maypoleCgathering
19、flowers in handmade paper baskets and singing May Day songsDcollecting dew on May Day morning and washing facesD 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第一、二句可知，如今在美国，孩子们通过将花篮挂在邻居家或朋友家的门把手上、选择“五朔节女王” 、围绕五月柱跳舞、演唱五朔节的歌曲来庆祝这一节日，故排除 A、B、C 项；根据第二段最后一句可知，用露水洗脸是中世纪英国人的做法，而不是现在美国儿童的做法，故选 D项。二、七选五。Shortness of breath has many diffe
20、rent causes，and the treatment of it is specific for each cause._1_ There are, however，some following first aid steps you can use to treat it，at least until the ambulance arrives or youre able to get the victim to a hospital._2_ The more energy you spend，the more oxygen you use and the more short of
21、breath you feel.Think about a good workout at the gym.Exercise hard enough and you will feel short of breath.The cure？Take a break.Let the victim sit，stand or lie wheres the most comfortable.Therere lots of myths about how some body positions supposedly provide more airflow.Coaches regularly tell pl
22、ayers to hold their arms above their heads to maximize chest expansion.Nursing staff assume the “tripod position” is the best position._3_.Use oxygen.This is a special case used only for people with chronic lung problems.If the victim has oxygen available, this is what its for._4_ The victim may hav
23、e been told by his or her doctor that too much oxygen for too long might cause more problems.Assure the victim that sudden increases in shortness of breath are the instances in which oxygen is needed most.Treat the cause of shortness of breath._5_ Asthma patients，for example，often have multiple tool
24、s and drugs to fix sudden shortness of breath.Victims of lung infections may need to see a doctor and heart attack victims may need an ambulance.AHave the victim rest.BTake more exercise at the gym.CThe victim should use his or her oxygen as directed by a doctor.DTherere many causes of shortness of
25、breath and many of them are treatable.EThe victim can try to avoid making use of his or her oxygen whenever possible.FEvery person is different，however，so let the victim decide what position is the most comfortable.GIn many cases，the only way to treat shortness of breath is to call 911 or take the v
26、ictim to a doctor.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲述了呼吸困难的发生有很多原因，同时提出了四种急救方法。1G 本段主要讲呼吸困难有很多原因，治疗呼吸困难有不同的方法，因此空处应讲治疗呼吸困难的一般方法，且与下文构成转折关系，故选 G。2A 根据本段中的“The cure？Take a break”可知，本段主要讲让患者休息这种方法，故选 A。3F 根据第三段的主题句可知，此处表示每个人感觉舒服的方式都不同，所以空处应讲让病人决定最舒服的姿势，故选 F。4C 根据本段的主题句可以判断此处指要使用氧气，故选 C。5D 根据空处上下文可以判断，此处表示呼吸困难有很多原因，但是可
27、以治疗的，故选 D。三、短文改错。Mistakes are unavoidable in life.But attitudes towards it may make a difference.I still remember how my spoken English was improved.In a beginning，I always kept silent in our oral class to avoid make mistakes. Before long my teacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me t
28、o speak out that I thought.Whenever I made mistakes and felt discouraging，my teacher and my classmates would help me figure out how I must have avoided them. I also joined in an English club to get more chances to speak.Practice made perfect.Now I can talk fluent in English.Just as the saying goes，
29、“Every bean has its black.” Dont afraid of making mistakes.Learn from mistakes，and success is just waiting for us.【答案】 Mistakes are unavoidable in life.But attitudes towards may make a itthemdifference.I still remember how my spoken English was improved.In beginning，I athealways kept silent in our o
30、ral class to avoid mistakes. Before long my makemakingteacher got to know about my situation. He encouraged me to speak out I thatwhatthought.Whenever I made mistakes and felt ，my teacher and my discouragingdiscouragedclassmates would help me figure out how I have avoided them. I also joined mustcou
31、ldan English club to get more chances to speak.Practice perfect.Now I can inmademakestalk in English.fluentfluentlyJust as the saying goes， “Every bean has its black.” Dont afraid of bemaking mistakes.Learn from mistakes，and success is just waiting for us.第一处：itthem。考查代词。根据语境可知，第二句中“towards”的宾语指代的是第
32、一句的主语“Mistakes” ，故用 them。第二处：athe。考查冠词。根据前一句“I still remember how my spoken English was improved.”可知，该处特指上文中“提高英语口语水平”的开始，故用定冠词。第三处：makemaking。考查非谓语动词。avoid doing sth.为固定用法，意为“避免做某事” 。第四处：thatwhat。考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，该句为含有宾语从句的主从复合句，what 既作宾语从句的引导词，也作从句中及物动词 thought的宾语，而 that在从句中不能作成分，故将 that改为 what。第五处
33、：discouragingdiscouraged。考查形容词。根据从句主语 I可知，该处应用discouraged形容人，意为“沮丧的” ；discouraging 形容事物，意为“令人沮丧的” 。 第六处：mustcould。考查情态动词。根据语境可知，该句使用了虚拟语气，表示“过去本能够做却没有做” ，故用 could have done。第七处：删除 in。考查固定搭配。该处指“参加英语俱乐部” ，参加某个组织用 join，而join in为固定搭配，意为“参加活动” ，故删除 in。第八处：mademakes。考查主谓一致和时态。句意：熟能生巧。该句为一般真理，故用一般现在时；该句主语
34、为 Practice，为不可数名词，谓语动词应用单数形式，故用 makes。第九处：fluentfluently。考查副词。根据该句中的动词“talk”可知，此处修饰动词，故用副词形式。第十处：afraid 前加 be。考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，该句为祈使句，afraid 为形容词，故 afraid前加动词原形 be。四。书面表达。读后续写阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。An owner of a dress shop had problems with a young lady, a psychology major, whom she had hired a
35、s a salesgirl.The first day a lady came into the store, and the salesgirl, Miss Brampton, asked if she could be of help.Id like a suit for the fall, the lady said.Well, do you want the suit because you need it? Or have you just had a fight with your husband and are trying to get even by making an ex
36、pensive purchase?I beg your pardon? the lady said.Perhaps you suspect he has a girlfriend, and you think this is the only way you can get back at him.I have no idea what youre talking about, the customer said.Spending money in anger is an expensive form of hostility(敌意). My advice is to think it ove
37、r for a few days. Buying a new suit wont save your marriage.Thank you! the customer said coldly and left the shop.Shes angry with me now, Miss Brampton whispered, but in a week shell be grateful to me.The shop owner decided to let the incident pass, but that afternoon another customer came in, and M
38、iss Brampton asked if she could be of help. The lady told her she was going to the Kennedy Center, and wanted a dress that would knock everyone dead.Miss Brampton said, We have some lovely evening dresses over here for insecure people.Insecure people?Yes. Didnt you know clothes are one of the main w
39、ays women compensate for insecurity?Im not insecure, the lady said angrily.Then why do you want to knock them dead at the Kennedy Center? Why cant you be accepted for yourself instead of what you wear? I can sell you a new dress that will attract attention, but then you would never know if it is you
40、 or the dress that makes people stop and stare.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为 150左右；2.应使用 5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1：By this time the dress shop owner decided to step in._Paragraph 2：The last straw for the dress shop owner took place an hour later when a college s
41、tudent came in to buy a miniskirt._ 前文概要：一家服装店的店主雇用了一名心理学专业的女学生当售货员，这名售货员用分析顾客心理、剖析顾客购物动机的方式进行推销，但是失败了，第一位顾客离开了。这时第二位顾客来了，售货员仍然试图用这种方式推销。思路导航：Paragraph 1的开头是到了这时候，服装店的店主决定进行干预，暗示接下来店主会打断她们的谈话，想办法留住这位顾客。而 Paragraph 2的开头暗示店主的努力以失败告终。写作时可用关键词：salesgirl， the customer， evening dresses 等。Paragraph 2的开头是一个小时后，当一个大学生进来买迷你裙时，店主终于无法忍受了，暗示 Miss Brampton又一次分析这位顾客的购买动机，最终使得这位顾客也没买东西就离开了，当然可以自由发挥，如：经此一事，店主再也不想雇用心理学专业的学生当售货员了。写作时可用关键词：left the shop， psychology major 等。
