1、1Section Wordpower,Grammarandusage&Task一、这样记单词记得准写得对 记得快记得多.基础词汇1breakthrough n 突破2nutrition n. 营养3ordinary adj. 普通的，一般的4accurate adj. 准确的，精确的5brief adj. 短时间的，短暂的；简洁的，简单的6confirm v. 证实，证明；确认；使确信.拓展词汇1profession n行业，职业professional adj.职业的，专业的2radiation n辐射，放射线radioactive adj.放射性的3original adj.原来的，起初的
2、；首创的；非复制的origin n起源；来源；起因4judgement n判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决judge v评价；判断 n.法官5relation n关系；亲戚relate vt.使互有关联6majority n多数，大多数major adj.主要的v主修7summary n总结；概括，概要summarize vt.概括；总结8consideration n仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；体谅，顾及consider v考虑；认为considerate adj.体贴的，体谅他人的，考虑周到的9tasty adj.美味的，可口的taste v品尝10reliable adj.可信赖/依靠的r
3、ely v依赖，依靠11actual adj.真实的，实际的actually adv.实际地1.break 合成词一览breakthrough n突破breakdown n. 故障；分解breakaway n. 分离，脱离breakfast n. 早餐，早饭2 “普通”家族ordinary adj. 普通的，一般的common adj. 普通的，一般的，常见的plain adj. 平凡的，普通的usual adj. 平常的，惯例的general adj. 普通的，一般的，大体上的normal adj. 正常的，普通的3 “职业”概览profession n. 职业；专业，行业job n. 工作
4、；职业work n. 工作；职业career n. 职业；事业；生涯vocation n. 职业，天职occupation n. 职业4揭开“真实”的面纱actual adj. 真实的，实际的real adj. 真实的，实际2的true adj. 真实的，正确的practical adj. 实际的，实用的authentic adj. 真正的，真实的genuine adj. 真实的，真正的二、这样记短语记牢固定短语 多积常用词块1.turn out 证明(是)；结果(是)2figure out 想出，理解；弄清楚；算出3be similar to 与相似4put . in place 把准备就绪
5、，布置妥当5in summary 总的来说，概括起来6compared with 与相比较7in the field of 在领域8the same as 与相同9be/get burnt out 耗尽体力，累垮10public relations 公共关系11follow in ones footsteps 效仿某人12take . into consideration 认真考虑1.organs of the body 人体器官2the learning process 学习过程3store the information 储存信息4waste products 废弃物5security g
6、uards 安全卫士6the scientific advances 科学进步7in the field of science 在科学界8come back from work 下班回来9food production 食品生产10highquality food 高品质的食物11further information 进一步的信息12side effects 副作用三、这样记句式先背熟 再悟通 后仿用1.He is always working in his lab, trying to figure out all the mysteries that make him puzzled.他
7、总是在实验室里工作，努力弄明白困惑他的所有奥秘。be always doing sth.“总是做某事” ，常表达说话人的某种情绪，如赞扬、不满、责备等。The boy isalwaysgivingmeahand whenever I am in trouble.每当我有困难，这个男孩总是出手相助。32.He must have been working too hard to notice!他当时肯定是工作太努力而没有注意到！too . to .“太而不能” 。The bike seemed tooheavyanddifficulttocontrol.(2014福建高考优秀范文)自行车似乎太沉
8、、太难而无法控制。3.The boy was more frightened than hurt. 这个男孩与其说受伤倒不如说是害怕。more . than .“与其说倒不如说” 。The boy is morediligentthanclever. 与其说这个男孩聪明倒不如说他勤奋。1(教材 P49)I think we should be cautious and use good judgement when making decisions about cloning.我认为在对克隆问题作出决策时，我们应当谨慎行事，作出正确判断。judgement n判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决(
9、1)make a judgement on/about . 对作出判断/评价in ones judgement 依某人看来(2)judge n. 法官，裁判v. 判断，判决；审判judge .from/by . 根据来判断judging from/by 根据来判断In this case, he began to be sceptical of his own judgement.在这样的情况下，他开始怀疑自己的判断。He refused to make a judgement about/on the situation.他拒绝对形势作出评价。Judging (judge) from his
10、 puzzled look, this problem must be quite puzzling.从他迷惑的表情可判断，这个问题是十分令人困惑的。名师点津 judging by/from 用作独立成分，其中的 judging 不可以换为 judged。2(教材 P51)Im totally burnt out.我完全累垮了。be/get burnt out 耗尽体力，累垮4If he doesnt stop working so hard, hell be burnt out.他继续这样拼命地工作的话，就会累垮的。She was/gotburnedout because she was b
11、usy every day to please everyone in her life.她累坏了，因为她每天忙于让生活中的每个人开心。burn up 被烧毁；被烧掉(通常指烧掉除建筑物以外的东西)；烧起来burn down 烧毁burn away 烧掉；烧光burn . to the ground 把烧为平地If you put on more wood, the fire will burn up.如果你加入更多的木柴，火就会烧起来的。Be careful with fire, or it may burn down the whole building.小心防火，否则它可能烧毁整栋大楼。
12、3(教材 P56)Public Relations Manager公共关系部门经理relation n关系；亲戚(1)in/with relation to 关于；涉及；与相比relation between A and B A 与 B 的关系/联系relation to/with . 与的联系bear no relation to . 与无关(2)relate vt. 把和联系起来vi. 有关，涉及relate .to/with . 把和联系起来be related to 与有关系This months production of that factory has decreased in/
13、with relation to last months.相对于上个月而言，那家工厂这个月的产量已经降低了。In my opinion, there are no relations between the socalled lucky numbers and luck.在我看来，那些所谓的幸运数字与幸运之间没有联系。His fear of people is deeply relatedto his unhappy childhood.他对人的畏惧和他不幸的童年有着密切的关系。名师点津 relation 作“(国家、公司、组织等之间以及人与人之间的)关系”讲时常用复数形式。Word fami
14、ly54(教材 P56)I understand that other countries have already begun trying to clone human beings, but this does not mean that we should followin their footsteps.我知道其他国家已经开始试图克隆人类，但这并不意味着我们要效仿他们。 follow in ones footsteps follow in the footsteps of sb.效仿某人，步某人的后尘(1)follow sbs example follow the example o
15、f sb. 仿效他人的做法，照办follow ones advice 听从某人建议/忠告follow the fashion 赶时髦，赶潮流follow the rules 遵守规则(2)as follows 如下We shouldnt follow in others footsteps. We should develop our own things.我们不应该步别人的后尘，我们应该开发自己的东西。Dorothy followedtheexampleof her father and went to university.多罗茜以自己的父亲为榜样考上了大学。The results we
16、had discussed are asfollows.我们讨论的结果如下。5(教材 P56)I am sure that if you conducted a survey among UK citizens, it would show that the majority of people would not support this type of scientific research.我相信，如果你在英国的民众中作一次调查，结果将表明大多数人将不支持这种类型的科学研究。majority n 多数，大多数(1)the/a majority (of . ) 大多数()in the/a
17、majority 占大多数By a majority of 以的多数票(2)major vi. 主修adj. 主要的6major in . 主修专业The majority of the people present at the meeting are in favor of banning smoking.出席会议的大多数人支持禁烟。He believes that his supporters are inthe/amajority.他认为他的支持者占大多数。He was finally admitted to his ideal university and majoredin arc
18、hitecture.他终于被自己理想的大学录取了，主修建筑学专业。名师点津 “the majority”作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式皆可；“the majority of名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要视名词单复数形式而定。Weve had an exam and the majority of us have (have) made progress steadily.我们进行了一次考试，我们中的大多数人在平稳进步。6.(教材 P56)In summary, I insist that you take the opinions of the people of the UK into
19、consideration, and end this practice immediately.总的来说，我坚决主张你应该认真考虑英国人民的意见，立即结束这种做法。in summary 总的来说，概括起来(1)make/give a summary of . 做的摘要/概括/总结(2)sum n. 金额，总数v. 总结，概括，合计a large sum of . 一大笔in sum/to sum up 总之，大体上，总的来说In summary, I think movies are moving, interesting, and worth spending time on.总的来说，我
20、觉得电影是感人的、有趣的，而且值得你在上面花时间。Im going to give/makeasummaryof todays discussion about whether we should go online in our spare time.我要总结一下今天关于我们是否应该在业余时间上网的讨论。In a word (Tosumup/Insum), I will always cherish this meaningful and memorable experience.总之，我会一直珍惜这次有意义且值得纪念的经历。名师点津 表示“总的来说，总之”的其他短语还有：in a/one
21、word on the whole all in all in short in brief in general 7consideration n仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；体谅，顾及(1)take . into consideration 认真考虑Be under consideration 在考虑中in consideration of 考虑到，顾及(2)consider vt. 考虑；照顾；认为(3)considering prep. 考虑到，鉴于I should be grateful if you can take my application into consideration.
22、如果你能认真考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。There are several plans underconsideration.有好几项计划正在讨论中。Were still considering where to move to.我们仍在考虑搬到哪里去。A further increase in interest rates is now considered (to be/as) unlikely.进一步上调利率现在被认为不大可能。7(教材 P57)For example, cloned animals are not very healthy they nearly always live
23、 brief, painful lives compared with ordinary animals.例如，克隆动物身体不太健康和普通动物相比，它们几乎总是过着生命短暂、痛苦的生活。brief adj.短时间的，短暂的；简洁的，简单的(1)in brief 简而言之，总之to be brief 简单地说；一句话(2)briefly speaking 简而言之In brief, he is no longer a stranger here.简言之，在这儿他不再是个陌生人了。Tobebrief, we cant accept such harsh terms. 简单地说，我们不能接受这样苛刻
24、的条件。Briefly (brief) speaking, English is so useful that all of us students should learn it well.8简言之，英语如此有用，以至于我们学生应该把它学好。8(教材 P57)Therefore, we cannot confirm that food from cloned animals is really safe for humans to eat.因此，我们不能肯定来自克隆动物身上的食物可以真正安全地让人类食用。confirm vt.& vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信；认可confirm sth.
25、证实某事confirm that/wh从句 证实It is confirmed that . 已经确定 What you have said confirms my opinion. 你的话证实了我的看法。Research has confirmed that the risk is higher for women.研究证实对女性来说这种风险要高一些。It has been confirmed that the earthquake caused six deaths and five injuries.已经证实这次地震造成了 6 人死亡，5 人受伤。1He must have been w
26、orking too hard to notice!他当时肯定是工作太努力而没有注意到！(1)句中 too . to .表示“太而不能” ，可用 not . enough to 和 so . that 结构改写。不定式作结果状语，常用主动形式，其逻辑主语有时是句子的主语；若不是，不定式的逻辑主语通常由 for 引出。He was too short to reach the apples on the tree.He was not tall enough to reach (reach) the apples on the tree.He was soshortthat he couldnt
27、 reach the apples on the tree.他太矮了够不到树上的苹果。The book is too difficult forustoread.这本书太难了，我们读不了。(2)too . to .表示肯定意义的情况：atoo 后跟 ready, eager, willing, pleased, glad 等表示心情或倾向性的形容词时btoo 前有 only, all 等副词对其进行修饰时c否定词 not, never 等用在 too 前时He is too eager to know the result of the examination.他急于知道考试结果。You ca
28、nt be too careful to do your homework.9做作业时你越细心越好。2The boy was more frightened than hurt.这个男孩与其说受伤倒不如说是害怕。句中的 more . than .结构意为“与其倒不如” ，此结构强调 more 后面的内容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比，more 和 than 后接形容词、副词的原级、名词或介词短语等两个并列成分。She is more proud than vain.与其说她虚荣，不如说她骄傲。He is more an artist than a philosopher.与其说他是位哲学家
29、，不如说他是位艺术家(2)no more than数词 仅仅，只不过not more than数词 不超过，不多于He is more than pleased with the result.他对这个结果很高兴。He was so poor that he had nomorethan ten dollars.他穷得只剩下 10 美元了。In my judgement, he is not more than 30 years old.依我看，他不超过 30 岁。.单句语法填空1Judging (judge) by the look on his face, the news must ha
30、ve been terrible.2Manners are important to happy relations (relation) among people.3The majority of students are (be)most interested in sports and computers nowadays.4We have to take his age into consideration (consider) when talking about the boys performance.5Welcome to my school and let me introd
31、uce it briefly (brief)6She works in television, following (follow) in her fathers footsteps.107More and more people are addicted to the Internet so that they are getting burnt out.8In summary, the two universities have a lot in common.完成句子1听完这个吓人的故事，一些小孩子吓得动弹不得。(too .to .)Having listened to the scar
32、y story, some children weretooscaredtomove.2这事与其说让人高兴，倒不如说让人担心。(more .than .)It was moreaworrythan a pleasure.3已经证实，他不是偷你自行车的那个人。(confirm)Ithasbeenconfirmedthat he wasnt the person who stole your bike.4科学家们在克隆方面取得的突破与他们的努力工作有关。(be related to)The breakthrough in cloning that scientists have made isre
33、latedtotheirhardwork.5我们不应该根据外貌去判断一个人。(judge .from/by .)We shouldnt judgeapersonby/from his appearance.一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1Ive known him for years, and I trust his judgement (判断)2The following is a summary (总结) of our conclusions.3According to the survey conducted (实施) by this university, only 18% a
34、re for the idea.4To be frank, I will choose teaching as my profession (职业) in the future.5We have a tight schedule for your brief (短时间的) visit. I hope you dont mind.6She originally (最初) thought of donating all of her organs to save others lives, but failed to do it because of her serious illness.7Th
35、e majority (多数) of students were in favour of the suggestion that they (should) go out for a picnic the next Sunday.8Having taken the matter into consideration (仔细考虑) many times, we decided not to buy such an expensive car.11.单句改错1My greatest dream is to become a profession football player in the fu
36、ture. professionprofessional2Lin Dan inspired many young people to follow in his footstep. footstepfootsteps3I shall make my own judgement of this matter when I see the result. ofon/about4A man is being questioned in relation with the attempted murder last night. withto5Some families are very poor t
37、o send their children to school. verytoo.选词填空take . into consideration， in brief， put . in place， follow in the footsteps of .， get burnt out 1Dont worry. I have put everything inplace.2Dont work so hard, or you will getburntout.3She works in education, followinginthefootstepsof her father.4Taking e
38、verything intoconsideration, the event was a great success.5We should, inbrief, invest heavily in digital systems.串点成篇微表达信不信由你，科学家 Robert Lanza 和他的助手们成功地克隆了一个成年人细胞。在他看来(judgement)，他们会把很多因素考虑(consideration) 在内，以确保他们的科学成果能被用来治疗更多的疾病。简而言之(brief)，他渴望年轻的科学家们能追随他的脚步(follow in ones footsteps)来做更多的与克隆有关的(in
39、 relation to) 工作。他总是投身于人类克隆工作。与其说他有抱负不如说(more .than .)他疯狂。即使他年老得不能(too .to .) 再继续他的事业了，他还是希望在他累垮 (get burnt out)之前完成他的大部分(majority)工作。Believe it or not, the scientist Robert Lanza and his assistants have successfully cloned an adult cell. In his judgement, they will take many factors into considerat
40、ion to make sure that their scientific achievements can be used to cure more diseases. In brief, he desires the younger scientists to follow in his footsteps to do more work in relation to cloning. He is always 12devoting himself to the human cloning work. He is more crazy than ambitious. Even if he
41、 is too old to keep on his career, he also hopes to complete the majority of his work before he gets burnt out.二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧.阅读理解Sir John, a British scientist who won last years Nobel Prize for medicine, said he had predicted at the time of his frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mam
42、mal would happen within 50 years, and that “maybe the same answer is appropriate” for the step to human cloning. Parents who lost children in accidents may be able to clone “copies” to replace them then.Although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues，the biologist clai
43、med people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique became medically useful. Cloning was regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown, the first “test tube baby”He said， “When my first frog experiments were done, an Am
44、erican reporter asked how long it will be before these things can be done in mammals or humans. I said， Well, it could be anywhere between 10 years and 100 years how about 50 years？ It turned out that it wasnt far off the mark as far as Dolly was concerned. Maybe the same answer is appropriate.” Sir
45、 John added that cloning a human being effectively means making an identical twin，and doctors would therefore simply be “copying what nature has already produced”The average vote on allowing parents of deceased children, who are no longer fertile (能生育的 ), to create another using the mothers eggs and
46、 skin cells from the first child, thinking the technique was safe and effective, is 60 per cent in favor. The reasons for “no” are usually that the new child would feel they were some sort of a replacement for something.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。主要介绍了克隆人类或在未来 50 年内变成现实。1Sir John predicted the human cloning wo
47、uld be a reality in _ at most.A100 years B60 yearsC50 years D10 years解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years，and that maybe the same answer is appropriate for the step to human cloning”可知，克隆人类或在未来 50 年内变成现实。故选 C。2According to the text, which statement is
48、NOT true?13ALouise Brown is the first “test tube baby” BHuman cloning is still a controversial topic.CSir John is positive about the future of human cloning.DHuman cloning is creating something that didnt exist before.解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句中可知，Louise Brown 是第一个试管婴儿，所以 A 项表述正确；根据第二段第一句中可知，克隆人类仍然是一个存在争议的话题，所以 B 项表述正确；根据第二段 Sir John 所说的话可知，他对未来克隆人类的发展是肯定的，所以 C 项表述正确。根据第二段最后一句可知，克隆人类是复制已存在的人类，所以D 项不正确。故选 D。3The
