1、 第 1 页1) take a rain check 延期2) lost count 弄不清楚3) be in another world 精神恍惚;魂不守舍4) make yourself at home 随意，随便5) save your breath 省口气吧;别白费口舌了6) make sense 有意义，理解7) cost sb. an arm and a leg 非常昂贵8) burn a hole in ones pocket 很快地被花光9)fill ones shoes 很好地顶替; 令人满意地替代10)is ice cold 表示理所当然11)like apples and
2、 oranges 用来表示无法相比的事物12)wait until the last minute 直到最后一刻13)lose ones train of 忘记14)meet each other half way 相互妥协，让步15)on the dot 准时; 正点16)once and for all 最后一次;干脆17)out of earshot 不在听力所及范围18)out of this world 非常好19)play by ear 随机应变，视情形而定20) ring a bell 令人想起某件事;听起来耳熟21)share a common outlook 有共同的观点22
3、)six of one and half-a-dozen of the other 半斤八两;没什么区别23)stick around 在附近逗留或等待24)stick with 继续做，坚持25)straighten out 扯平;结清26)toss and turn (身体)翻来覆去 (通常表示难以入睡)27)turn ones back (在别人遇到困难时) 不愿帮助28)under the weather 身体不适，生病29)bite off more than one can chew 贪多嚼不烂;心有余而力不足;不自量力;力不从心30)break new ground 创新31)d
4、o the trick 做成功;达到理想的结果32)drag ones feet 行动缓慢;磨磨蹭蹭不情愿33)draw the line 拒绝，拒不容忍34)feel down in the dumps 心情不好;情绪低落35)few and far between 不多;少而分散的;不常碰到或发现的;稀少的36)fit as a fiddle 身体很健康37)grin and bear 任劳任怨;毫无怨言地忍受38)hit the spot (特指吃了食物，喝了饮料之后)精神完全恢复过来或感到满足;恢复精力;提精神39)keep between the two of us 不让第三者知道，
5、保密40)know a thing or two about 略知一二 第 2 页一、交际场景核心词汇一、学校场景teacher： president dean supervisor advisor professor instructor 教师： 大学校长 系主任 导师 指导老师 教授 教师principal中小学校长student： undergraduate graduate postgraduate pupil学生： 大学生 大学毕业生 研究生 小学生freshman sophomore junior senior 大学一年级学生 大学二年级学生 大学三年级学生 大学四年级学生home
6、work: assignment, paper thesis dissertation作业： 作业 论文 论文 （学位）论文exam ： quiz testexam mid-term exam final exam考试： 小测验 考试 期中考试 期末考试marksgradesscores credits, passfail分数 学分 及格不及格school recordreport scholarshipawards成绩单 奖学金degree Bachelors degree Masters degree Doctors degree 学位 学士学位 硕士学位 博士学位diploma cert
7、ificate文凭 证书department major minor coursesubject 系 专业 辅修 课程compulsory courses optional courses必修课 选修课academic year termsemester schedule office hour学年 学期 进度表 办公时间enroll register admission quit school drop a course招生 注册 入学 退学 退选课dinning hall dorm language lab食堂 宿舍 语音室第 3 页rent lease tenantlodger land
8、ladylandlord出租 出租合同 房客 房东二、图书馆场景borrowreturn renew due overdue fine借书还书 续借 到期 超期 罚款Periodicals fiction reference books magazines volume issue期刊 小说 参考书 杂志 卷，册 期reading room shelf library card library catalogue circulation desk阅览室 书架 借书卡 目录 借书处三、医院场景doctor surgeon physician patient医生 外科医生 内科医生 病人flu c
9、old have a fevertemperature painache cancer 流感 感冒 发烧 疼痛 癌症broken have a sore throat infect epidemic骨折 咽喉疼痛 感染 传染病disease bird flu mad cow疾病 禽流感 疯牛病check diagnose prescribe treatment cure 检查 诊断 开药 治疗 治愈medicinedrug injectionshot pilltablet capsule pain killer dose 药物 注射 药片 胶囊 止疼片 剂量prescription drug
10、storethe chemistspharmacy处方 药房recover get betterget worse 好转 好转恶化四、餐馆场景customer waiterwaitress hostess manager顾客 服务员 领座员 经理reservebook a table menu order drinks 第 4 页预定位子 菜单 点菜 饮料appetizer main dish dissert specialty饭前开胃品 主菜 甜点 特色菜tip pay the bill go Dutchsplit the bill小费 付帐 AA 制五、旅馆场景receptionist r
11、eception desk room service招待员 前台，接待处 客房服务bookreserve a room make a reservation singledouble room 预定房间 预定 单人双人房间a vacant room fully booked check incheck out, 空房间 订满 登记入住结帐离开六、购物场景shop assistantsales girlsales man customer cashier售货员 顾客 出纳员price cheapbargainreasonable expensivecostlydear discounton sa
12、le% off价格 便宜的 昂贵的 打折in stockout of stock sold out color size style 有货没货 卖光 颜色 尺寸 款式七、机场场景air hostessstewardess passenger airplane flightairline customs女乘务员 旅客 航班 海关luggage passport boarding pass departure gate 行李 护照 登记牌 登机口check in take offland fasten the safety-belt claim the luggage 办理登机手续 起飞着陆 系好
13、安全带 认领行李delay declare延误 (向海关 )中报进口应纳税之货物八、邮局场景第 5 页Registered mail air mail postage parcel printed matter 挂号信 航空信 邮资 包裹 印刷品postcard zip code address envelope明信片 邮编 地址 信封九、银行场景cash the check open an account withdrawdraw deposit exchange 支票兑现 开户 取钱 存钱 兑换interest rate savings account principal利率 储蓄户头 本
14、金十、打电话场景switchboard extension operator phone booth 总机 分机 接线员 电话亭in-coming calls out-going calls collect call来电 去电 对方负费电话dial put sb. through get through, 拨号 接通 打通the line is busyengaged hold the line hold on, 占线 别挂断leavetake a message留言二、英语习语1. Potluck Party ：一种聚餐方式，主人准备场地和餐具，参加的人必须带一道菜或准备饮料，最好事先问问主
15、人的意思。2. Pull over！把车子开到旁边。3. Drop me a line！写封信给我。4. Give me a ring. = Call me！来个电话吧！5. For here or to go？堂食或外卖。6. Whats up? = Whats happening? = Whats new? 见面时随囗问候的话 “最近在忙什么？有什么新鲜事吗？”一般的回答是“Nothing much!”或“Nothing new!”7. Cut it out! = Knock it out！ = Stop it! 少来这一套！同学之间开玩笑的话8. Dont give me a hard
16、time! 别跟我过不去好不好！第 6 页9. Get yourself together! 振作点行不行！10. Do you have “the“ time? 现在几点钟？可别误以为人家要约你出去11. Hang in there. = Dont give up. = Keep trying. 再撑一下。12. Give me a break ! 你饶了我吧！（开玩笑的话）13. Hang on. 请稍候。14. Blow it. = Screw up. 搞砸了。15. What a big hassle. 真是个麻烦事。16. What a crummy day. 多倒霉的一天。17.
17、Go for it. 加油18. You bet. = Of course. 当然；看我的！19. Wishful thinking. 一厢情愿的想法。20. Dont be so fussy! 别那么挑剔好不好21. Its a long story. 唉！说来话长22. How have you been? = How are you doing? 你过得如何？近来可好23. Take things for granted. 自以为理所当然24. Dont put on airs. 别摆架子。25. Give me a lift! = Give me a ride! 送我一程吧！26. H
18、ave a crush on someone. 迷恋某人27. Whats the catch? 有什么内幕？28. Party animal. 开 Party 狂的人（喜欢参加舞会的人）29. Pain in the neck. =Pain in the ass. 讨厌的东西、人或事30. Skeleton in the closet. 家丑31. Dont get on my nerve! 别把我惹毛了！32. A fat chance. =A poor chance. 机会很小33. I am racking my brains. 我正在绞尽脑34. She s a real drag.
19、 她真有点碍手碍脚35. I am so fed up. 我受够了！36. It doesnt go with your dress. 跟你的衣服不配。37. Whats the point? = What are you trying to say? 你的重点是什么？38. Lets get a bite. = Lets go eat. 去吃点东西吧！39. Lets go Dutch. 各付各的40. My stomach is upset. 我的胃不舒服41. Ill buy you a lunch (a drink; a dinner). = Its on me. = My treat
20、. 我请客42. How would you like it ? 吃牛排时，waiter 会问“How would you like it ?” 就是问“要几分熟？”的意思，可以选择 rare，medium 或 well-done。43. I am under the weather. =I am not feeling well. 我不太舒服! 44. May I take a rain check? 可不可改到下次？（例如有人请你吃饭，你不能赴约，只好请他改到下一次。 ）45. I am not myself today. 我今天什么都不对劲 ! 46. Lets get it strai
21、ght. 咱们把事情弄清楚! 47. Whats the rush! 急什么! 第 7 页48. Such a fruitcake! 神经病！ 49. I got the tip straight from the horses mouth. 这个消息是千真万确的（tip 指消息）! 50. easy as pie = very easy = piece of cake 很容易。 51. take French leave 不告而别。52. I dont get the picture. =I dont understand. 我不明白。 53. You should give him a p
22、iece of your mind. 你应该向他表达你的不满。 54. hit the road = take off = get on ones way 离开。 55. Now he is in the drivers seat =He is in control now. 56. Keep a low profile (or low key). 采取低姿态。57. know ones way around 识途老马。58. lions share 大部份。 59. take a back seat. 让步。 60. take a hike =leave me alone =get lost
23、 滚开。 61. hit the hay =go to bed 睡觉。 62. Can you give me a lift? =Can you give me a ride? 载我一程好吗？ 63. green hand 生手、没有经验的人。64. walk on air （获得好消息后）感到特别的高兴65. work like a dog 拼命工作66. zero in on something 集中注意力于某物67. turn ones back on someone 拒绝提供帮助68. moonshine = mountain dew 指私酿的烈酒（威士忌）或走私的酒。胡说八道也可用m
24、oonshine。His story is plain moonshine. 69. chill out =calm down =relax 70. rip off =steal; I was ripped off. 我被偷了；rip off 也常被用为“剥夺”My right was ripped off. 权利被剥夺。71. mess around (with)瞎混；Get to work. Dont mess around. 赶快工作，别瞎搅和。72. sneak in, sneak out 偷偷溜进去，溜出来。 sneakers 运动鞋。73. She is such a brown-
25、noser. 她是个马屁精。 74. This is in way over my head. 对我而言这实在太难了。75. I am an exam jitter and I always get a cramp in my stomach. 我是个考试紧张大师，一考试胃就抽筋。76. Keep your study (work) on track. 请按进度工作（读书） 。 77. Did you come up with any ideas? 有没有想到什么新的意见？78. Dont get uptight !Take it easy. 别紧张，慢慢来！ 79. Cheese ! It
26、tastes like cardboard. Cheese 吃起来味如嚼腊！80. Get ones feet wet. 与中文里的“涉足”或“ 下海”，寓意相同，表示初尝某事。I am going to try dancing for the very first time. Just to get my feet wet. 81. a big fish in a small pond 小地方的大人物 In her hometown, she was a big fish in a small pond，but after she moved to New York, she was jus
27、t only one among many millions. 在她家乡，她很了不起。可是搬到纽约后，她就不过是芸芸众生之一了。 第 8 页82. a real bargain 合算交易83. get round to do sth. 腾出时间来做84. be cross with sb. (对.)生气, 发脾气85. boil down to v.归结为 例句： The whole matter boils down to the fact that you two dont like each other.这件事除去枝节不管，可以归结为你们俩谁也不喜欢谁。Most of the crime
28、s may boil down to a question of money. 大多数犯罪归结起来可以说都是金钱问题。86. by word of mouth adv.口头地87. count me in (out) 算我一份（别算我的份）88. chip in 凑份子（买东西） Twenty five people in this group chipped in to buy a big present for their chairman.89. dress up to nines 盛装打扮When the whole family were dressed up to nines wh
29、en they left for the wedding.90. end up with 最后以 sth.告终 Anyone who swims in the river could end up with a nasty stomach upset91. feel out of place 例句：He feels totally out of place with the politicians.92. follow suit v.跟着做, 跟着出同花色的牌93. get on ones nerve 惹人生气，发火94. in a rash 匆忙95. in/put oneself in o
30、nes shoes 设身处地96. in season 时令，旺季97. look up to 尊敬98. make it 达到预定目标, 及时抵达，成功99. on the tip of ones tongue 就在嘴边上，一时想不起来100. one cup of tea 喜爱的事或物；合乎胃口的东西101. one step at a time 一步一步地，扎扎实实地102. ring a bell 听起来耳熟 Her name rings a bell but I cant remember her face.103. round the clock 不分昼夜104. run a te
31、mperature 发烧105. stay put 呆着别动106. upside down 上下颠倒107. wolf down 狼吞虎咽108. you are telling me 这还用你说，我早就知道了。109. you bet 当然，肯定110. you can say that again 你说得对；我完全同意。111. you said it 你说得对；我完全同意。112. you shouldnt have （别人送你礼品时）你的客气话。113. Cut and run 急忙逃走；匆忙离开。 cut and run 通常表示“（受到袭击后）匆匆撤退”，或“为摆脱困境放弃进一步
32、的行动”，含有轻蔑或讽刺意味。114. A bad hair day 暗指不顺利的经历给受害者的情绪造成了严重的影响或带来很大的心理第 9 页压力。 115. Flying colors Flying colors 是航海术语，原意是指“迎风飘扬的旗帜”，现在常用来表示“显著的胜利，巨大的成功”。 Flying colors 是由 pass with flying colors 演变而来。Pass with flying colors 表示“有广泛回旋余地的成功或胜利”。 She passed her examination with flying colors. 她成功地通过了考试。116.
33、 Cut and dried Cut and dried 这个短语常用的意思是“事先预备好的，例行的，已成定局的”。The result of the election is now cut and dried.（选举结果已成定局。 ） Cut and dried 还可以表示单调乏味的意思。State Department spokespeople are expert vendors of “cut and dried“ answers to reporters questions.（国务院发言人擅长用早已备好的老套答案应对记者的提问。 ） Cut and dried 也可以用 cut-an
34、d-dried 或 cut-and-dry 来表示，意思不变。 例如：a cut-and-dried committee meeting （委员会例会）117. With a grain of salt 短语 with a grain of salt 表示“对某事有保留，持怀疑态度”。 118. Busmans holiday 意思是 a holiday spent in doing ones usual work，即“照常工作的节假日，有名无实的假日”. The painter spent a busmans holiday painting his own house. 这个油漆匠以油漆自
35、己的房屋来度过假日。119. Sick as a dog 当形容一个人病的很重时，英语中有这样的说法： sick as a dog. 120. Cook the books Cook the books 是一个固定短语，它的意思是“做假帐”(stealing money by making changes in the accounts)。She was sacked for cooking the books. 她因做假帐而被解雇。121. Yellow 在英语中，yellow 有时却被用来形容一个人的胆小与懦弱。He is too yellow to stand up and fight.
36、 他太胆怯而不敢起来抵抗。122. Theres no such thing as a free lunch I dont believe hes giving us the money without any ulterior motive. Theres no such thing as a free lunch. 我不相信他送钱给我们不是别有用心，世上没有免费的午餐。123. Roman holiday 以欣赏别人受苦为乐的娱乐；幸灾乐祸 ”。 Barney knew that Lamb and John liked to match boxers who went in to be c
37、ut to pieces to make a Roman holiday for the crowds. 巴纳知道兰姆和约翰专爱组织那些不惜斗得筋断骨折的拳击手来比赛，让观众看个痛快。124. Hit the nail on the head “一针见血，说得中肯恰当” 。Mike hit the nail on the head in his speech on the demerits of the existing housing policy. 迈克在演讲中，一针见血地指出了当前房屋政策的弊端。125. Foot the bill “Hello, sir, your bill, ple
38、ase！”我马上对朋友说， “You just go ahead. Let me foot the bill.”很显然，句中 foot the bill 并不是“把帐单踩在脚下 ”，而是“付钱”的意思。 His parents footed the bill for his course fees. 第 10 页他父母亲替他支付了课程学习的费用。 They refused to foot the bill of their wedding. 他们拒绝支付办婚礼的开支。126. Cold feetCold feet 现在用来表示“失去勇气（信心） ，怯懦，胆小”，常用的短语是：get / hav
39、e cold feet，和中文里的“ 吓得手脚冰凉 ”有异曲同工之妙。 They got cold feet at the last minute and refused to sign the contract. 他们在最后一刻胆怯了，拒绝签订合同。127. Rough Diamond Rough diamond， “粗糙的钻石、未经加工的钻石” ，看上去和我们中文里“未经琢磨的璞玉” 很像吧，没错！“ 璞玉”是指还没有显示出最佳品质的人或物，所谓把“璞玉”打磨成“ 美玉”，总有发光出彩的一天；而 rough diamond 则指的是 a person who has a kind and
40、generous nature or great ability, but whose outward manner is rather rough. 即“外粗内秀的人；脾气坏但良心好的人”，具有这样品质的人往往并非一眼就能看出，而是需要多多了解，多多交流才能体会。看来，东西方人对于“内秀”的理解还相当合拍呢！Peter looks awkward, but he is a rough diamond. 彼德看上去笨手笨脚，但事实上他是一个很内秀的人。 这条成语还有一种形式：diamond in the rough. Do not look down upon him! I am sure h
41、e is a diamond in the rough. 别小看他！我坚信他是一个外粗内秀的人。128. Fair-weather friend 人们交朋友都渴望对方是一个能在困难中相助的人。不过世间总有一些只可与他人同富贵而不能共患难的假朋友。这里的 fair-weather 的真正含义是借用美好的天气来比喻 “良辰美景”，说明这种朋友是一个只能在对方顺利时分享成果的伪君子。一旦风云突变，他就会弃朋友而去。 I cannot believe that John was a fair-weather friend of mine, because he has promised to help
42、 me whenever necessary. 我不信约翰会是个不能共患难的朋友，因为他曾经许诺在任何需要的时候给予我帮助。 It is not easy to see through a fair-weather friend. 看透假朋友的本质不是容易的。129. Apple of ones eye Apple 是苹果，这个人人都知道，你知道 apple of ones eye 是什么意思吗？你知道它是怎么来的吗？ Apple of ones eye 里的 apple 指的是瞳孔，是眼睛里最敏感最珍贵的部分。这条成语来自圣经诗篇第十七篇第八节： “求你保护我，如同保护眼中的瞳孔。 ” (K
43、eep me as the apple of the eye.) Tom is the apple of his grandmothers eye. 汤姆是他奶奶的掌上明珠。 John regarded the gold ring left by his dead wife as the apple of his eye. 约翰把他亡妻留下的这只金戒指视为珍宝。130. Rule of thumb 在实际生活中，一般用来指靠经验就可以得知的东西： Rough practical method of assessing or measuring sth, used based on past e
44、xperience rather 第 11 页than on exact measurement, etc (and therefore not completely reliable in every case or in every detail)（对事物）粗略但实用的估计方法（通常凭经验而不作精确的计量等，故并非时时处处均可靠） 。 例如：As a rule of thumb, you should cook a chicken for 20 minutes for each pound that it weighs. 凭经验估计，每磅鸡肉应烹调 20 分钟。131. Pull ones
45、 leg Pull ones leg 意思是逗别人，开别人玩笑的意思。 这一用法在口语中经常出现。 以扮演憨豆先生(Mr.Bean)闻名的英国喜剧泰斗罗温艾金森(Rowan Atkinson) 的体罚致死(Fatal Beatings) 作品中有一句话是这样的：Ive been joking. Mr. Perkins. Pardon me; its my strange academic sense of humor. Ive been pulling your leg. 意思就是说，我是在和你开玩笑，这是我特有的学究式的幽默。 当你觉得别人是在开你玩笑， 你也可以用这一短语来回应。例如：He
46、y, stop pulling my leg, will you! （喂，你别逗我了，行不行！）132. Work hand in glove 意思有两个，一是密切合作; 二是用来形容合谋犯罪例如：The local police are working hand in glove with the FBI to find the bank robbers. 当地的警察正在和联邦调查局密切合作，设法找到抢劫银行的罪犯。 例如：I read in the paper about this customs officer they arrested at the airport. They caught him working hand in glove with a gang of smugglers to bring diamonds into the country without paying duty. 我在报纸上看到有关那个在机场被逮捕的海关官员的消息。他们发现他和一伙走私者合谋，把钻石带入国内而不缴关税。
