1、2003 M45 4 S SEngineering ScienceApr. 2003Vol15 No14专题报告 l 2003- 02- 21* S/ u 3 y ! V?Z 0H aH ,r S K9 9Fb20 W90 M, a Z 8 r 9F215 104km2b11414 土地荒漠化是沙尘暴加重的重要原因 B1 C, v b |, VTb ?ZHq/, T 3 ?Z ?4 q, V?Z, W, B b u5, g9F6? 9V, 3 74 S/ 0 “F: u 3 y ! V?Z M4, 3Z T K.daYb,+Y y ,M4 r qb1 %5,i 3 y !, 1 i?ZZ u
2、C L V, V $ , V LC6 V?Z,9Hq10 M = P 3 y ! |l Zb213 1 iZ1 = A V ,6V?ZbNA:d , 3 y !bT % mFb l u, HHqK, ?y !K s,98 1 3 A Yb31113 最近50多年来人类活动的影响 u ?Z S b /1 ? 9 ,“d 1 ?b3 y ! 1K |h *t 3 “d| , s “d1 ?, a F n ,r 3 “byN, 3 y ! y1 3 ,7 1 $, “y !B 3 b u 3 + yc ,#;% s 7y , 3 y ! n51C 3 ? ,i V ?yX$ 1 3 ,r a1 Hq
3、i ? M ?Zb T 1 ? p, 4, y !B1 Hq 3 “d,5 Y, lrT,7 O ?,“d|K) b,B saBBl u , Vy !BY1 3 0“d, t 0“dy !A ? 3 v“d85,5, |qb -, u 3 y ! M, iBt ub R ,e3 y ! s/ ,9F qb A,ll uBt a ( D !)Z,9n /, M M n ;Z, b4)r 3 y ! ub r b5) 3 y ! ub1 a1 = *9 u# a9 u, Q 3ar b6) 3 y ! ub 81 , #b7) ub a Ab8) 3 y ! ub u , a,4 d! ? bs
4、u 3 y !, I n $y ! ,i a? b313 $y ! ? $s? p, u 3 y ! u$ A _l uw94 S/ 0 “F: u 3 y ! V?Z M,GQ a(aa) b u = s,1rr F ua = d # , v d!#r T,d Lb? uA1, OX | A Lrb?F ,F,V7 ,i b 8yp:1): : P 1 , , % , ,1T %/ b2) ! : a !+ b3), *,BW9 / ,vs9 u Yb5 T, jB9 “ (013 014, J 3r q0158 kg/ m3,# S ( 44%bl F 9rmy, Z L=9 C h t
5、b2000 M (g B 13 kg, J Ll 140 kg,# S (1/2b M | , M ( g 0102 0103,“ - 3 150 M/ 1/3 1/2bm9 u j $,Fv, HF |bd , V 3/ , ? “v? |/ 6y ! / ;5,V ? Pv ? $y/ /7 ,9 V ? / % 7 P / jb515 u u 15 : l174 S/ 0 “F: u 3 y ! V?Z Mz b51511 水资源形成机制和生态环境用水 u K, vs ),!, “/ b = n5$, : V 7?V / b ? :$ ;6 ;K b ,? $ s? , s y Ybm1
6、1 u F Uim(: 108 m3,9 533 108 m3)Fig111 The compositionof water resources inthe Yellow River basin in northwest China(108 m3, total amount: 5313 billion m3) v8 sF:Bs u a ,s 1 , M (305 108 m3;6Bs /?r F ur , M=Mv, M (168108 m3b F/ , u3 M (9 533 108 m3 (nm11)b1952 1979 M M ( , o V U)413 108 m3, M (9 77%
7、, u/1 / Pb1980 2000 M, u6 M(9 293 108 m3, L= 158108 m3;F 3 h #/ h 75 108 m3, :M ( v300 108 m3, M (9 56% (nm12)bm12 u s UimFig112 The distribution of water resourcesin theYellow River basin in northwest China( 108 m3, total amount: 5313billion m3)/ )Sl A u, M= Mv(n11);l M+Y l M H, h 1 h v, (nm13)b20
8、W90 M , y u 9F, / / vh ,Y /6 3 ,7 O P90 M ( M 225 108 m3, 1997 2002 M200 108 m3/,/6 (nm14)bm13 1990 2000 M M wLvmFig113 Comparison of the precipitation and runoff for 1990 and2000 withthe anomaly precipitation and runoff curves in Wei River basinyN,A I nl Mz sy Y/ b51512 水资源的合理配置 9305 108 m3,“ 9 g,$
9、 ,hb 9, +y,7 +/ b 6BZ , i V 7? C, !a F,? 3 s/ sN4h,K/ sa? s . $ .hbt5,1F jb51612 近期的水利工程布局原则 I nV iYby !V 7?5, Cyaa/ *,y9Zl, vb1)Cvaal9 ur a/b j / C nb4) T b l a“9av b5) b6)6/ V t b7)C Epy o1 L=f ,sY) :rA1%, 51“BF%bBt / 3 ? v o,1 ?,l“ u o9b , ol y ?, h 1 Y,7/Hqb Epv o,1 3 S SraS S o , u1 M#?Z t 5F6 SraSE , u1 M# ?Z t 5F S S o a, u1 M# ?Z t 5F S S VaS S S , u 3 y ! u # 3 5F 5 7?, u 7? 5Fn S Va 89, u 7? 5FS2 S VaS S, u 7? 5F$+ S Va bv q, uh 5Fc S VaS S 3 , uh 5Fa ? !99a, u v 5F ? !99a, u v 5F “ i:b Sr !a y i a) =! Sx a) =Z Sr !a y i) =26S S5
